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result(s) for
"Mostar violence"
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Peacebuilding in Practice
2013
In November 2007 Adam Moore was conducting fieldwork in Mostar
when the southern Bosnian city was rocked by two days of violent
clashes between Croat and Bosniak youth. It was not the city's only
experience of ethnic conflict in recent years. Indeed, Mostar's
problems are often cited as emblematic of the failure of
international efforts to overcome deep divisions that continue to
stymie the postwar peace process in Bosnia. Yet not all of Bosnia
has been plagued by such troubles. Mostar remains mired in distrust
and division, but the Brčko District in the northeast corner of the
country has become a model of what Bosnia could be. Its multiethnic
institutions operate well compared to other municipalities, and are
broadly supported by those who live there; it also boasts the only
fully integrated school system in the country. What accounts for
the striking divergence in postwar peacebuilding in these two
towns?
Moore argues that a conjunction of four factors explains the
contrast in peacebuilding outcomes in Mostar and Brčko: The design
of political institutions, the sequencing of political and economic
reforms, local and regional legacies from the war, and the practice
and organization of international peacebuilding efforts in the two
towns. Differences in the latter, in particular, have profoundly
shaped relations between local political elites and international
officials. Through a grounded analysis of localized peacebuilding
dynamics in these two cities Moore generates a powerful argument
concerning the need to rethink how peacebuilding is done-that is, a
shift in the habitus or culture that governs international
peacebuilding activities and priorities today.
In November 2007 Adam Moore was conducting fieldwork in Mostar
when the southern Bosnian city was rocked by two days of violent
clashes between Croat and Bosniak youth. It was not the city's only
experience of ethnic conflict in recent years. Indeed, Mostar's
problems are often cited as emblematic of the failure of
international efforts to overcome deep divisions that continue to
stymie the postwar peace process in Bosnia. Yet not all of Bosnia
has been plagued by such troubles. Mostar remains mired in distrust
and division, but the Brcko District in the northeast corner of the
country has become a model of what Bosnia could be. Its multiethnic
institutions operate well compared to other municipalities, and are
broadly supported by those who live there; it also boasts the only
fully integrated school system in the country. What accounts for
the striking divergence in postwar peacebuilding in these two
towns?Moore argues that a conjunction of four factors explains the
contrast in outcomes in Mostar and Brcko: The design of political
institutions, the sequencing of political and economic reforms,
local and regional legacies from the war, and the practice and
organization of international peacebuilding efforts in the two
towns. Differences in the latter, in particular, have profoundly
shaped relations between local political elites and international
officials. Through a grounded analysis of localized peacebuilding
dynamics in these two cities Moore generates a powerful argument
concerning the need to rethink how peacebuilding is done-that is, a
shift in the habitus or culture that governs international
peacebuilding activities and priorities today.
Divided Cities
2011,2009,2012
In Jerusalem, Israeli and Jordanian militias patrolled a fortified, impassable Green Line from 1948 until 1967. In Nicosia, two walls and a buffer zone have segregated Turkish and Greek Cypriots since 1963. In Belfast, \"peaceline\" barricades have separated working-class Catholics and Protestants since 1969. In Beirut, civil war from 1974 until 1990 turned a cosmopolitan city into a lethal patchwork of ethnic enclaves. In Mostar, the Croatian and Bosniak communities have occupied two autonomous sectors since 1993. These cities were not destined for partition by their social or political histories. They were partitioned by politicians, citizens, and engineers according to limited information, short-range plans, and often dubious motives. How did it happen? How can it be avoided?
Divided Citiesexplores the logic of violent urban partition along ethnic lines-when it occurs, who supports it, what it costs, and why seemingly healthy cities succumb to it. Planning and conservation experts Jon Calame and Esther Charlesworth offer a warning beacon to a growing class of cities torn apart by ethnic rivals. Field-based investigations in Beirut, Belfast, Jerusalem, Mostar, and Nicosia are coupled with scholarly research to illuminate the history of urban dividing lines, the social impacts of physical partition, and the assorted professional responses to \"self-imposed apartheid.\" Through interviews with people on both sides of a divide-residents, politicians, taxi drivers, built-environment professionals, cultural critics, and journalists-they compare the evolution of each urban partition along with its social impacts. The patterns that emerge support an assertion that division is a gradual, predictable, and avoidable occurrence that ultimately impedes intercommunal cooperation. With the voices of divided-city residents, updated partition maps, and previously unpublished photographs,Divided Citiesilluminates the enormous costs of physical segregation.
City and Soul in Divided Societies
2012,2011
In this unique book Scott A. Bollens combines personal narrative with academic analysis in telling the story of inflammatory nationalistic and ethnic conflict in nine cities - Jerusalem, Beirut, Belfast, Johannesburg, Nicosia, Sarajevo, Mostar, Bilbao, and Barcelona. Reporting on seventeen years of research and over 240 interviews with political leaders, planners, architects, community representatives, and academics, he blends personal reflections, reportage from a wealth of original interviews, and the presentation of hard data in a multidimensional and interdisciplinary exploration of these urban environments of damage, trauma, healing, and repair.
City and Soul in Divided Societies reveals what it is like living and working in these cities, going inside the head of the researcher. This approach extends the reader's understanding of these places and connects more intimately with the lived urban experience. Bollens observes that a city disabled by nationalistic strife looks like a callous landscape of securitized space, divisions and wounds, frozen in time and in place. Yet, the soul in these cities perseveres.
Written for general readers and academic specialists alike, City and Soul in Divided Societies integrates facts, opinions, photographs, and observations in original ways in order to illuminate the substantial challenges of living in, and governing, polarized and unsettled cities.
Community as Heterogeneous Ensemble: Mostar and Multiculturalism
2002
The 1993 destruction of the Stari Most, the ancient Ottoman bridge spanning the River Neretva at Mostar, Bosnia-Herzegovina, is discussed as an example of the violence consuming this region during the 1992-1995 Bosnia war. Here, the use of images of the bridge before & after its collapse as graphic representations of the country's ethnic divisions & how they were being \"unmade\" is described in the context of a larger discussion of the widespread destruction of urban buildings -- \"urbicide\" -- in Bosnia & its relation to the genocidal slaughter of its human population. At the heart of the issue is the concept of community as a shared common space; the heterogeneity implicit in this construction is described. The relation of community to the urban landscape & to the political is discussed, highlighting the role of urban buildings as constitutive of shared space & the political consequences of this. This argument progresses via reference to Martin Heidegger's notions of spatiality & \"being-in-the-world.\". K. Hyatt Stewart
Journal Article