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The purpose of the study was to examine the validity of core action elements and feeling states in ice hockey players in the prediction of performance. A second aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of a 30-day program targeting action and emotion regulation. Participants were male ice hockey players drawn from two teams competing at the highest level of the junior Finnish ice hockey league. They were assigned to a self-regulation (n = 24) and a control (n = 19) group. The self-regulation program focused on the recreation of optimal execution of core action elements and functional feeling states. Separate repeated measures MANOVAs indicated significant differences in ratings of perceived control and execution accuracy ratings of self-selected visual and behavioral components of the action (critical for optimal performance) and psychobiosocial (feeling) states across recalled best and worst games. Results support the use of both action- and emotion-centered strategies for performance enhancement. Future research including psychophysiological markers is warranted.

Using the multi‐states (MuSt) theory framework, this study examined the interplay between self‐confidence, emotional arousal control, worry, concentration disruption, challenge and threat appraisals, psychobiosocial experiences, and self‐evaluated performance of medalist kickboxers involved in the WAKO World Kickboxing Championship 2021. Participants were 103 gold, silver, or bronze medalists (58 women and 45 men), aged 18–39 (M = 25.16 ± 4.54 years), who were contacted via email and social media and asked to fill an online survey 3 months after the event. According to the MuSt theory predictions, self‐confidence and emotional arousal control were positively related to challenge appraisal, functional psychobiosocial experiences, and self‐evaluated performance. Worry and concentration disruption were positively associated with threat appraisal, and negatively related to functional psychobiosocial experiences; concentration disruption was also negatively related to self‐evaluated performance. Results from path analysis revealed a positive indirect link from self‐confidence to self‐evaluated performance via challenge appraisal and psychobiosocial experiences. Negative indirect links from worry and concentration disruption to self‐evaluated performance through threat appraisal and psychobiosocial experiences were significant. A positive indirect effect from emotional arousal control to self‐evaluated performance via psychobiosocial experiences was also shown. The findings are discussed in light of the MuSt theory. Highlights According to the multi‐states (MuSt) theory predictions, we observed that self‐confidence and emotional arousal control were positively related to challenge appraisal, functional psychobiosocial experiences, and self‐evaluated performance. We also showed that worry and concentration disruption were positively associated with threat appraisal, and negatively related to functional psychobiosocial experiences, with concentration disruption being also negatively related to self‐evaluated performance. We provide preliminary support to the multidimensional interplay between functional (i.e., self‐confidence and emotional arousal control) and dysfunctional (i.e., worry and concentration disruption) individual dispositions, challenge and threat appraisals, psychobiosocial experiences, and performance. We recommend that athletes adopt self‐regulation strategies, such as self‐talk, imagery, cognitive restructuring, mindfulness, and action monitoring to improve their self‐confidence, challenge appraisal, functional emotions, and ability to manage competitive pressure.

The theory of semigroups is a relatively young branch of mathematics, with most of the major results having appeared after the Second World War. This book describes the evolution of (algebraic) semigroup theory from its earliest origins to the establishment of a full-fledged theory. Semigroup theory might be termed 'Cold War mathematics' because of the time during which it developed. There were thriving schools on both sides of the Iron Curtain, although the two sides were not always able to communicate with each other, or even gain access to the other's publications. A major theme of this book is the comparison of the approaches to the subject of mathematicians in East and West, and the study of the extent to which contact between the two sides was possible.

This paper addresses questions of quasi-isometric rigidity and classification for fundamental groups of finite graphs of groups, under the assumption that the Bass-Serre tree of the graph of groups has finite depth. The main example of a finite depth graph of groups is one whose vertex and edge groups are coarse Poincaré duality groups. The main theorem says that, under certain hypotheses, if

When the #RhodesMustFall (#RMF) movement erupted at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in March 2015, it not only sparked the proliferation of student movements across South Africa, but also led to the formation of #RMF at the University of Oxford and similar movements at universities in the United States. By drawing on ninety-eight interviews with various actors involved in both movements, Ahmed’s empirical research contributes to the limited academic literature on the connections between the #RMF movements in Cape Town and in Oxford. The example of the #RMF movement in Cape Town inspired the #RMF Oxford movement to challenge the epistemic architecture of the University of Oxford.

This paper considers the probabilistic may/must testing theory for processes having external, internal, and probabilistic choices. We observe that the underlying testing equivalence is too strong and distinguishes between processes that are observationally equivalent. The problem arises from the observation that the classical compose-and-schedule approach yields unrealistic overestimation of the probabilities, a phenomenon that has been recently well studied from the point of view of compositionality, in the context of randomized protocols and in probabilistic model checking. To that end, we propose a new testing theory, aiming at preserving the probability information in a parallel context. The resulting testing equivalence is insensitive to the exact moment the internal and the probabilistic choices occur. We also give an alternative characterization of the testing preorder as a probabilistic ready-trace preorder.

We study the foundations of Web service technologies for connecting abstract and concrete service definitions and for discovering services according to their observable behavior. We pursue this study addressing a subset of BPEL activities that include concurrency constructs. We present a formal semantics—called compliance preorder —of this subset of BPEL and we define a behavioral type discipline that guarantees the correctness of client-server interactions. The types of our discipline, called contracts , are De Nicola and Hennessy tau-less, finite-state CCS processes. We show that contracts are BPEL normal forms according to the compliance preorder and that the compliance preorder does coincide with a well-known equivalence in concurrency theory, the must-testing preorder . The compliace preorder is not fully adequate for discovering Web services though, since it does not support width and depth extensions of Web services. To address this issue, we propose a sound generalization of the compliance preorder, called subcontract relation , that admits a notion of principal service contract—the dual contract —compliant with a given client contract and that exhibits good precongruence properties when choreographies of Web services are considered.

In this paper, we propose a new semi-supervised fuzzy co-clustering algorithm called SS-FCC for categorization of large web documents. In this new approach, the clustering process is carried out by incorporating some prior domain knowledge of a dataset in the form of pairwise constraints provided by users into the fuzzy co-clustering framework. With the help of those constraints, the clustering problem is formulated as the problem of maximizing a competitive agglomeration cost function with fuzzy terms, taking into account the provided domain knowledge. The constraint specifies whether a pair of objects “must” or “cannot” be clustered together. The update rules for fuzzy memberships are derived, and an iterative algorithm is designed for the soft co-clustering process. Our experimental studies show that the quality of clustering results can be improved significantly with the proposed approach. Simulations on 10 large benchmark datasets demonstrate the strength and potentials of SS-FCC in terms of performance evaluation criteria, stability and operating time, compared with some of the existing semi-supervised algorithms.

Nitrogen and lipids are key nutrients of grape must that influence the production of fermentative aromas by wine yeast, and we have previously shown that a strong interaction exists between these two nutrients. However, more than 90% of the acids and higher alcohols (and their acetate ester derivatives) were derived from intermediates produced by the carbon central metabolism ( CCM ). The objective of this study was to determine how variations in nitrogen and lipid resources can modulate the contribution of nitrogen and carbon metabolisms for the production of fermentative aromas. A quantitative analysis of metabolism using 13 C‐labelled leucine and valine showed that nitrogen availability affected the part of the catabolism of N‐containing compounds, the formation of α‐ketoacids from CCM and the redistribution of fluxes around these precursors, explaining the optimum production of higher alcohols occurring at an intermediate nitrogen content. Moreover, nitrogen content modulated the total production of acids and higher alcohols differently, through variations in the redox state of cells. We also demonstrated that the phytosterol content, modifying the intracellular availability of acetyl‐CoA, can influence the flux distribution, especially the formation of higher alcohols and the conversion of α‐ketoisovalerate to α‐ketoisocaproate.

Merchant electricity transmission investment is a practically relevant example of an unregulated investment with monopoly properties. However, while leaving the investment decision to the market, the regulator may decide to prohibit capacity withholding with a must-offer provision. This paper examines the welfare effects of a must-offer provision prior to the capacity choice, given three reasons for capacity withholding: uncertainty, demand growth and pre-emptive investment. A must-offer provision will decrease welfare in the first two cases, and can enhance welfare only in the last case. In the presence of importer market power, a regulatory test might be needed. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]