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In 1946, President Harry Truman sought to reform the German education system and appointed Bishop Aloisius Muench as the Catholic Liaison to assist the U.S. occupational forces. Simultaneously, Muench was appointed as the Vatican's official visitor to Germany. Using these roles, Muench influenced denazification and educational policies in Bavaria. Drawing on unused primary sources from Muench's personal correspondence, OMGUS files, the papers of Lucius Clay, the Christian Social Union Archives, the personal papers of Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber, and the files from the archives of the archdiocese of Munich and Freising, this article concludes that Muench played a key role in preserving Catholic schools in Bavaria. Muench's case proves that denazification policies were contested and formed by a coalition of secular and religious individuals.

In January 1946, the first instalment of the pastoral letter 'One World in Charity' appeared in the United States. Its author, American-born Cardinal Aloisius Muench (1889-1962), was a key and heretofore ignored figure in internal German Catholic discussion about the Holocaust, Jews, and Judaism between 1946 and 1959. As papal emissary, he had close ties to the highest political and religious figures in Germany. 'One World' migrated across the Atlantic Ocean to Germany in the early months of 1947. This article examines German Catholic responses to 'One World' as part of the broader pattern of rejection of collective guilt. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]