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Multimedia Services in Wireless Internet
Learn how to provide seamless, high quality multimedia for the wireless Internet This book introduces the promising protocols for multimedia services and presents the analytical frameworks for measuring their performance in wireless networks. Furthermore, the book shows how to fine-tune the parameters for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in order to illustrate the effect that QoS has upon the stability, integrity and growth of next generation wireless Internet. In addition, the authors provide the tools required to implement this understanding. These tools are particularly useful for design and engineering network architecture and protocols for future wireless Internet. Additionally, the book provides a good overview of wireless networks, while also appealing to network researchers and engineers. Key Features: Provides a comprehensive and analytical understanding of the performance of multimedia services in wireless Internet, and the tools to implement such an understanding Addresses issues such as IEEE 802.11, AIMD/RED (Additive Increase-Multiplicative Decrease/ Random Early Detection), multimedia traffic models, congestion control and random access networks Investigates the impact of wireless characteristics on QoS constraint multimedia applications Includes a case study on AIMD for multimedia playback applications Features numerous examples, suggested reading and review questions for each chapter This book is an invaluable resource for postgraduate students undertaking courses in wireless networks and multimedia services, students studying advanced graduate courses in electrical engineering and computer science, and researchers and engineers in the field of wireless networks.
eBook
PoCH: automatic HDL code generator tool for Polar channel coding decoders in multimedia communication systems
Polar codes are a class of block codes which are widely used in communication networks. Polar codes have been utilized in the fifth generation of enhanced mobile broadband systems (5G) due to their performance in error correction and also their low instinct complexity in implementation. However when they come in very large blocks, their efficient implementation in reasonable time is challenging. The automatic code generator (ACG) tools are useful and essential in these cases, when the design process should be error prone and time consuming. This paper presents an error prone and fast ACG tool to generate the VHDL description code at gate level for Polar decoders in multimedia communication systems according to user adjusted parameters including code-length, code-rate and quantization width, called PoCH tool. The PoCH constructs the Polar decoder using the design SNR and Bhattacharyya parameters which are set by the user, or are provided by a file consisting of the frozen bits location. The PoCH can generate the Polar decoder for four famous algorithms including SC, SSC, Fast-SSC and Fast-SSC + BiREP algorithms. To validate the performance of the PoCH tool, the block counts is presented for each generated code for various code-length, code-rate and Bhattacharyya parameters. Finally, the time consumed by the tool to generate Polar channel decoders for each algorithm is compared.
Journal Article
Cryptographic and parallel hash function based on cross coupled map lattices suitable for multimedia communication security
Cryptographic hash functions can map data of arbitrary size to data of fixed size (hash values), which can be used in a wide range of multimedia applications for communication security, such as integrity protection, message authentication and digital signature. In this paper, we present a cryptographic and parallel chaotic hash function based on the cross coupled map lattices for multimedia communication security. More specifically, we first utilize the piecewise linear chaotic map with secret keys to generate initial parameter sequence for the cross coupled map lattices and an initial hash value. Then, we extend the original message into a message matrix to enhance the correlation of message characters. Next, we process each of the message blocks in the matrix in parallel as the space domain input of the cross coupled map lattices and the initial parameters as the time domain input to generate intermediate hash values. After all message blocks are processed in parallel, the final h-bit hash value is obtained by logical operations with the initial and intermediate hash values. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed hash function in terms of uniform distribution of hash values, sensitivity of the hash value to subtle changes of the original message, secret keys, and images, confusion and diffusion properties, collision tests, efficiency of computation speed. The cryptanalytic results demonstrate that the proposed hash algorithm has statistical properties with B̄=64.0022\\( B = 64.0022\\) and P = 50.0017%, collision resistance with d = 85.3944, average computation speed of 132.0 Mbps, and better statistical performance compared with existing chaotic hash functions, which are suitable for multimedia communication security.
Journal Article
Designing and evaluating the usability of an API for real-time multimedia services in the Internet
In the last few years, multimedia technologies in general, and Real-Time multimedia Communications (RTC) in particular, are becoming mainstream among WWW and smartphone developers, who have an increasing interest in richer media capabilities for creating their applications. The engineering literature proposing novel algorithms, protocols and architectures for managing and processing multimedia information is currently overwhelming. However, most of these results do not arrive to applications due to the lack of simple and usable APIs. Interestingly, in this context in which APIs are the critical ingredient for reaching wide developer audiences, the scientific literature about multimedia APIs and their usability is scarce. In this paper we try to contribute to fill this gap by proposing the RTC Media API: a novel type of API designed with the aim of making simple for developers the use of latest trends in RTC multimedia including WebRTC, Video Content Analysis or Augmented Reality. We provide a specification of such API and discuss how it satisfies a set of design requirements including programming-language agnosticism, adaptation to cloud environments, support to multisensory multimedia, etc. After that, we describe an implementation of such an API that has been created in the context of the Kurento open source software project, and present a study evaluating the API usability performed in a group of more than 40 professional developers distributed worldwide. In the light of the obtained results, we conclude that the usability of the API is adequate across the main development activities (i.e. API learning, code creation and code maintenance), with an average usability score of 3.39 over 5 in a Likert scale, and that this result is robust with respect to developers’ profiles, cultures, professional experiences and preferred programming languages.
Journal Article
Multimedia comprehension
\"Multimedia messages use combinations of texts, pictures, maps, and graphs as tools for communication. This book provides a synthesis of theory and research about how people comprehend multimedia. It adopts the perspectives of cognitive psychology, semiotics, anthropology, linguistics, education, and art. Its central idea is that information displays can be categorized into two different but complementary forms of representations, which service different purposes in human cognition and communication. Specific interaction between these representations enhances comprehension, thinking, and problem solving, as illustrated by numerous examples. Multimedia Comprehension is written for a broad audience with no special prior knowledge. It is of interest to everyone trying to understand how people comprehend multimedia, from scholars and students in psychology, communication, and education, to web- and interface-designers and instructors\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Multi-focus images fusion via residual generative adversarial network
Recently, most existing learning-based fusion methods are not fully end-to-end, which still predict the decision map and recover the fused image by the refined decision map. However, in practice, these methods are hard to predict the decision map precisely. Inaccurate prediction further degrades the performance of fusing, resulting in edge blurring and artefacts. This paper proposes an end-to-end multi-focus image fusion model based on conditional generative adversarial network (MFFGAN). In MFFGAN, we introduce a pioneering use of the conditional generative adversarial network to the field of image fusion. Moreover, we introduce the simple and efficient relativistic discriminator to our network, so the network converges faster. More importantly, MFFGAN is fully trained in this adversarial relationship to produce visually perceptive images that contain rich texture information and avoid the post-processing phase. Considering the detailed information of source images, we introduce the widely used perceptual loss to improve fused image performance. Thanks to the element-wise fusion criterion, our model can conveniently and efficiently fuse multiple images. Additionally, extensive experimental results show that the proposed model achieves excellent performance in subjective and objective evaluations.
Journal Article