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Millionaire Migrants
Based on extensive interviewing and access to a wide range of databases, this is an examination of the migration career of wealthy migrants who left East Asia and relocated to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, in the 1980s and 1990s.
* An interdisciplinary project based on over 15 years of research in Vancouver, Toronto, and Hong Kong, with additional comparative visits and consultations in Sydney, Beijing, and Singapore
* Traces the histories of the migrants families over a 25 year period
* Offers a critical view of the spatial presuppositions of neo-liberal globalization, and an insertion of geography into transnational theory
eBook
Industrial relations at centre stage: Efficiency, equity and voice in the governance of global labour standards
Angesichts anhaltender Verletzungen von Arbeitnehmerrechten entstehen Fragen zur Effektivität von Politikinstrumenten zur Governance globaler Arbeitsstandards. Aus einer Perspektive der industriellen Beziehungen heraus vergleichen wir drei Kategorien von Instrumenten: staatliche Regulierung, arbeitgebergeführte Regulierung, und transnationale Vereinbarungen zwischen Arbeitgebern und Gewerkschaften. Um unseren Vergleich zu strukturieren, passen wir Budd und Colvins (2014) Analyserahmen zu Effizienz, Fairness und Mitsprache im Konfliktmanagement auf das Gebiet der Governance globaler Arbeitsstandards an. Wir operationalisieren die Kriterien Effizienz, Fairness und Mitsprache, um die Ergebnis- und Prozessorientierung und den Geltungsbereich von Politikinstrumenten, sowie die Möglichkeiten, welche sie für Arbeitnehmermitbestimmung und den Aufbau gewerkschaftlicher Strukturen bieten, zu erfassen. Unser Vergleich zeigt, dass die Instrumente jeder Kategorie charakteristische Stärken und Schwächen haben, und nicht alleine ausreichen, um globale Arbeitsstandards aufrechtzuerhalten. Dies trägt zur Erklärung der paradoxen Beobachtung sowohl einer Proliferation von Politikinstrumenten als auch anhaltender Verletzungen von Arbeitnehmerrechten bei. Weitere Forschung ist nötig, um zu verstehen, wie verschiedene Politikinstrumente kombiniert werden können, und wir enden mit einem Vorschlag elementarer Bausteine, welche die Governance globaler Arbeitsstandards in globalen Wertschöpfungsketten verbessern können.
Journal Article
The contributions of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to international business research
International business (IB) researchers have been slow to embrace a configurational approach in hypothesis formulation and empirical analysis. Yet, much of what IB scholars study is inherently configurational: various explanatory factors and their interplay simultaneously determine the outcome(s) studied, such as governance choice or firm-level performance. The mismatch between the nature of the empirical phenomena studied on the one hand, and hypothesis formulation and empirical methods deployed on the other, explains why many quantitative empirical studies in IB are overly reductionist, relying on hypotheses that assume linear (or simple, curvilinear), unifinal, and symmetrical effects. In this Editorial, we introduce IB scholars to contemporary configurational thinking and its analytical tool, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). We discuss this tool’s main tenets, advantages, and disadvantages. We review the limited prior IB research using this approach and present a wide range of IB phenomena where it could be usefully applied. We propose that contemporary configurational thinking and fsQCA can help scholars produce insights more closely aligned with the complex realities of international business than conventional research approaches.
Journal Article
International HRM insights for navigating the COVID-19 pandemic
We show the relevance of extant international business (IB) research, and more specifically work on international human resources management (IHRM), to address COVID-19 pandemic challenges. Decision-makers in multinational enterprises have undertaken various types of actions to alleviate the impacts of the pandemic. In most cases these actions relate in some way to managing distance and to rethinking boundaries, whether at the macro- or firm-levels. Managing distance and rethinking boundaries have been the primary focus of much IB research since the IB field was established as a legitimate area of academic inquiry. The pandemic has led to increased cross-border distance problems (e.g., as the result of travel bans and reduced international mobility), and often also to new intra-firm distancing challenges imposed upon previously co-located employees. Prior IHRM research has highlighted the difficulties presented by distance, in terms of employee selection, training, support, health and safety, as well as leadership and virtual collaboration. Much of this thinking is applicable to solve pandemic-related distance challenges. The present, extreme cases of requisite physical distancing need not imply equivalent increases in psychological distance, and also offer firms some insight into the unanticipated benefits of a virtual workforce – a type of workforce that, quite possibly, will influence the ‘new normal’ of the post-COVID world. Extant IHRM research does offer actionable insight for today, but outstanding knowledge gaps remain. Looking ahead, we offer three domains for future IHRM research: managing under uncertainty, facilitating international and even global work, and redefining organizational performance.
Journal Article
Global platforms and ecosystems
The emergence of digital platforms and ecosystems (DPE) as a venue for value creation and capture for multinational enterprises holds considerable implications for the theory and practice of international business. In this paper, we articulate these implications by considering the dual perspectives of cross-border platforms and ecosystems – as a venue for multifaceted innovation and as multisided marketplace – and focusing on three overarching themes at the intersection of DPEs and international business, that is, DPEs as affording new ways of internationalization, as facilitating new ways of building knowledge and relationships, and as enabling new ways of creating and delivering value to global customers. We explain specific DPE-related concepts and constructs that underlie these themes and discuss how they could be incorporated into existing IB theories in ways that would enhance their richness and continued relevance as well as their ability to better predict a multitude of emerging IB phenomena.
Journal Article
Global value chains: A review of the multi-disciplinary literature
This article reviews the rapidly growing domain of global value chain (GVC) research by analyzing several highly cited conceptual frameworks and then appraising GVC studies published in such disciplines as international business, general management, supply chain management, operations management, economic geography, regional and development studies, and international political economy. Building on GVC conceptual frameworks, we conducted the review based on a comparative institutional perspective that encompasses critical governance issues at the micro-, GVC, and macro-levels. Our results indicate that some of these issues have garnered significantly more scholarly attention than others. We suggest several future research topics such as microfoundations of GVC governance, GVC mapping, learning, impact of lead firm ownership and strategy, dynamics of GVC arrangements, value creation and distribution, financialization, digitization, the impact of renewed protectionism, the impact of GVCs on their macro-environment, and chain-level performance management.
Journal Article
Towards a renaissance in international business research? Big questions, grand challenges, and the future of IB scholarship
In this article, we review critiques of international business (IB) research with a focus on whether IB scholarship tackles \"big questions.\" We identify three major areas where IB scholars have addressed important global phenomena, but find that they have had little influence outside of IB, and only limited effects on business or government policy. We propose a redirection of IB research towards \"grand challenges\" in global business and the use of interdisciplinary research methods, multilevel approaches, and phenomena-driven perspectives to address those questions. We argue that IB can play a more constructive and vital role by tackling expansive topics at the business-societal interface.
Journal Article
Waking from Mao’s Dream
We theorize how an ideological imprint—ideology formed through past events—serves as an information filter that persistently affects individuals’ decision making and how subsequent behaviors of the imprinter—the entity that established the imprint—may alter it. We test our model with a longitudinal dataset of Chinese private entrepreneurs from 1993 to 2012, investigating the influence of a founder’s communist ideological imprint, which characterizes foreign capitalism as evil, and subsequent dynamics introduced by the imprinter—the Communist Party–led government of China—on two internationalization strategies that deal with foreign investors and markets: firms’ efforts to attract foreign capital and to expand globally. Our findings show that Chinese entrepreneurs’ communist ideological imprint negatively affects the internationalization of their ventures, while available and credible information contradicting communism—coming from the government directly, government-created industry social networks for entrepreneurs, or observing governmental support of internationalization—weakens the influence of the imprint. Our study contributes to a better understanding of imprinting and its decay, the effects of corporate decision makers’ political ideology, and the internationalization of firms.
Journal Article