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Building a citizens' partnership in democratic governance : the Delhi Bhagidari process through large-group dynamics
Building a Citizens' Partnership in Democratic Governance covers 10 years of efforts (2000-2010) in building and sustaining citizens' partnership with the government and in creating a working democracy in a large city like Delhi. It provides an in-depth coverage of the theory, principles, and processes of \"large-group dynamics\". It also presents its practical applicability through the involvement of resident welfare associations, market and trade organizations, industry associations, students' eco-clubs, electricity distribution companies, government departments and civic agencies. The book brings out the fact that the major reason behind the success of the partnership is the projects taken up by the resident welfare associations and market and trade associations at the ground level in association with government departments.
eBook
Local governance in developing countries
This book provides a new institutional economics perspective on alternative models of local governance, offering a comprehensive view of local government organization and finance in the developing world. The experiences of ten developing/transition economies are reviewed to draw lessons of general interest in strengthening responsive, responsible, and accountable local governance. The book is written in simple user friendly language to facilitate a wider readership by policy makers and practitioners in addition to students and scholars of public finance, economics and politics.
eBook
The demands of recognition : state anthropology and ethnopolitics in Darjeeling
Since the British colonial period anthropology has been central to policy in India. But today, while the Indian state continues to use ethnography to govern, those who were the \"objects\" of study are harnessing disciplinary knowledge to redefine their communities, achieve greater prosperity, and secure political rights.
In this groundbreaking study, Townsend Middleton tracks these newfound \"lives\" of anthropology. Offering simultaneous ethnographies of the people of Darjeeling's quest for \"tribal\" status and the government anthropologists handling their claims, Middleton exposes how minorities are—and are not—recognized for affirmative action and autonomy. We encounter communities putting on elaborate spectacles of sacrifice, exorcism, bows and arrows, and blood drinking to prove their \"primitiveness\" and \"backwardness.\" Conversely, we see government anthropologists struggle for the ethnographic truth as communities increasingly turn academic paradigms back upon the state.
The Demands of Recognition offers a compelling look at the escalating politics of tribal recognition in India. At once ethnographic and historical, it chronicles how multicultural governance has motivated the people of Darjeeling to ethnologically redefine themselves—from Gorkha to tribal and back. But as these communities now know, not all forms of difference are legible in the eyes of the state. The Gorkhas' search for recognition has only amplified these communities' anxieties about who they are—and who they must be—if they are to attain the rights, autonomy, and belonging they desire.
eBook
Ahmedabad : shock city of twentieth-century India
In the 20th century, Ahmedabad was India's shock city. It was the place
where many of the nation's most important developments occurred first and with the
greatest intensity -- from Gandhi's political and labor organizing, through the
growth of textile, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries, to globalization and the
sectarian violence that marked the turn of the new century. Events that happened
there resonated throughout the country, for better and for worse. Howard Spodek
describes the movements that swept the city, telling their story through the careers
of the men and women who led them.
eBook
Factors Determining Suitable Landfill Sites for Energy Generation from Municipal Solid Waste: A Case Study of Jabodetabek Area, Indonesia
Most municipal solid waste (MSW) is found to be dominated by organic debris, which has excellent potential as an energy source. However, the main problems of this material are poor planning, urban expansion, and lack of management skills. All these problems are presently being encountered by the regional governments of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi city (known locally as Jabodetabek), Indonesia. In the MSW management system, a vital planning protocol is reportedly assessing suitable landfill sites for energy generation, although this selection process is still a complex task that should consider various factors, such as environmental, social and safety, and economic variables. Therefore, this study aims to examine various factors in determining a suitable location for landfills. It also aims to identify the various factors required for MSW energy generation. Based on this study, a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach was applied to weigh the factors determining the appropriate location. This approach is popular in decision-making due to evaluating the complexity of multidimensionality factors. The results showed that 3 factors and 14 subfactors were formulated and structured in the MCDA hierarchy, with their information obtained to create pairwise comparisons by 10 involved experts. In this study, the MCDA output was the weight value associated with a systematic priority level, indicating that the environment was the highest factor in determining a suitable landfill site for energy generation. In addition, the weight factors were used for overlay analysis, in determining the suitable site for future energy generation studies.
Journal Article
Equity in Heritage Conservation
Recognised by the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals as a measure to make cities inclusive, safe and resilient, conservation of natural and cultural heritage has become an increasingly important issue across the globe. The equity principle of sustainable development necessitates that citizens hold the right to participate in the cultural economy of a place, requiring that inhabitants and other stakeholders are consulted on processes of continuity or transformation. However, aspirations of cultural exchange do not translate in practice.
Equity in Heritage Conservation takes the UNESCO World Heritage City of Ahmedabad, India, as the foundational investigation into the realities of cultural heritage conservation and management. It contextualises the question of heritage by citing places, projects and initiatives from other cities around the world to identify issues, processes and improvements. Through illustrated chapters it discusses the understanding of heritage in relation to the sustainable development of living historic cities, the viability of specific measures, ethics of engagement and recommendations for governance.
This book will appeal to a range of scholars interested in cultural heritage conservation and management, sustainable development, urban and regional planning, and architecture.
eBook
National Courts and the International Rule of Law
Domestic courts contribute to the maintenance of the rule of international law by providing judicial control over the exercises of public powers that may conflict with international law. This book comprehensively explores this issue and focuses mainly on judicial control of exercise of public powers by states.
eBook
Effects of improved information and volunteer support on segregation of solid waste at the household level in urban settings in Madhya Pradesh, India (I-MISS): protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial
Background
Segregation of household waste at the source is an effective and sustainable strategy for management of municipal waste. However, household segregation levels remain insufficient as waste management approaches are mostly top down and lack local support. The realisation and recognition of effective, improved and adequate waste management may be one of the vital drivers for attaining environmental protection and improved health and well-being. The presence of a local level motivator may promote household waste segregation and ultimately pro-environmental behaviour. The present cluster randomized control trial aims to understand if volunteer based information on waste segregation (I-MISS) can effectively promote increased waste segregation practices at the household level when compared with existing routine waste segregation information in an urban Indian setting.
Methods
This paper describes the protocol of an 18 month two-group parallel,cluster randomised controlled trialin the urban setting of Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. Randomization will be conducted at ward level, which is the last administrative unit of the municipality. The study will recruit 425 households in intervention and control groups. Assessments will be performed at baseline (0 months), midline (6 months), end line (12 months) and post intervention (18 months). The primary outcome will be the comparison of change in proportion of households practicing waste segregation and change in proportion of mis-sorted waste across the study period between the intervention and control groups as assessed by pick analysis. Intention to treat analysis will be conducted. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants.
Discussion
The present study is designed to study whether an external motivator, a volunteer selected from the participating community and empowered with adequate training, could disseminate waste segregation information to their community, thus promoting household waste segregation and ultimately pro-environmental behaviour. The study envisages that the volunteers could link waste management service providers and the community, give a local perspective to waste management, and help to change community habits through information, constant communication and feedback.
Trial registration
The study is registered prospectively with Indian Council of Medical Research- Clinical Trial Registry of India (
CTRI/2020/03/024278
).
Journal Article
The work of waste: inside India's infra-economy
My essay1 focuses on the marginalised people whose livelihoods depend on gathering, sorting, transporting and selling garbage in India's huge informal economy, livelihoods now challenged as municipal governments contract the recycling of waste to corporations. The evolving, bumpy geography of the waste economy creates permanent border areas of primitive accumulation and both devalorised and valorised people and places. I make a case for understanding informal sector activities, such as the work of transforming the city's detritus, as part of a vast infraeconomy and the varied forms of labour performed within heterogeneous value chains of waste transformation as infrastructural labour that produces what Marx called capital's 'general' and 'external' conditions of production. Through close examination of the spatiotemporal lattice of informal municipal solid waste recycling, I demonstrate how these economies are at once highly organised and brittle, with each node in their value chains subject to disruption by state and market forces. While relative opacity, labour intensity of tasks and dependence on embodied knowledge (metis), indeed a 'bodily' feel for space, give informal economies the capacity to resist external efforts to transform, subsume or eradicate them; lack of social security and employment protections also means that workers and micro-enterprise owners within them inhabit the thin line between survival and failure, rendering them vulnerable to economic and political fluctuations. The upshot is that the labour of waste and other informal sector workers is critical for maintaining the quality of life desired by the well off in cities of the global South, but fails to get the recognition it deserves. Waste workers are poorly compensated, regularly stigmatised and frequently invisible in policy decisions. This is an enduring inequity that demands urgent correction.
Journal Article