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"Muscular System"
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Moving and grooving : the secrets of muscles and bones
\"Provides comprehensive information on the role bones and muscles play in the body science of humans and animals\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
429 Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma
Introduction/BackgroundBenign metastasizing leiomyomas (BMLs) represent the extrauterine spread of a benign uterine process. Pulmonary BMLs are the most common example of distant spread of uterine leiomyomas and are usually found incidentally in premenopausal women. We present the case of pulmonary benign metastasazing leiomyoma in a young patient 14 years after a myomectomy.MethodologyThe patient S., 35 years old, in 2022 presented of chest discomfort during active physical activity. She had a history of myomectomy immediately after cesarean section in 2008. The clinical examination and laboratory findings were normal. The patient was referred for chest Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the abdomen, pelvis, and brain.ResultsDuring CT of the chest, in both lungs multiple nodules from 0.2 to 0.8 cm were determined, which corresponded to disseminated process in the lungs, other examinations did not show any abnormality. Video-assisted thoracoscopic atypical resection of right lower lobe was performed. Morphological study revealed in the lung parenchyma two identical spindle-cell nodules without atypia. Immunohistochemical study shown immunophenotype of smooth muscle tumor: Desmin+, Caldesmon+, CD34-, CD117-, Estrogen+, Progesteron+, Ki67<1%. Pathology report: Metastatic leiomyoma with invagination of pulmonary epithelial structures.Combining patient’s medical history with the examination results, she was diagnosed with pulmonary BML. Due to young age, low-symptomatic course and indolent disease progression, MTB adopted the tactics of careful observation.During the year of close follow-up, the patient is alive with no signs of disease progression.ConclusionPulmonary BMLs are an extremely rare pathology. The treatment strategy for each case should be individualized. If the nodules are not resectable in young asymptomatic women wishing to preserve fertility close follow-up can be recommended.DisclosuresAuthors do not have any disclosures.
Journal Article
Your muscular system
Describes the human musculoskeletal system, how it works, what parts of it we can control and what parts we can't and how to keep it healthy.
Book
407 Leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei: clinical and pathologic features of 10 patients
IntroductionLeiomyoma with bizarre nuclei (LBN) is defined histologically by significant cytologic atypia, but high mitotic rate and tumor cell necrosis are absent. Despite its benign clinical behavior, differential diagnosis from leiomyosarcoma can sometimes be difficult.There have been a few sizable studies that have described the clinical and pathologic features of LBN with follow-up data.Objective we investigated the clinical and pathologic features of LBN and compared them with related studies.MethodsA total of 10 patients diagnosed with LBN in our department were included.In all cases, clinical data, macroscopic with microscopic features, and follow-up data were evaluated.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 46 years. Six patients had undergone hysterectomy and 4 myomectomies. The mean tumor diameter was 6 cm.The tumor was intramural in all cases. Margins were regular in 7 cases, but expansive in 3 cases.Microscopically, the bizarre cell distribution was multifocal. Their density was low in 8 cases and high in 2 cases. Mitosis was observed in 3 cases, not exceeding 8/10 high power fields. The prognosis was favorable in all cases, with no signs of recurrence or metastasis after a median follow up of 10 years.ConclusionLBN is a histologic variant of benign uterine smooth muscle tumors. Expansive margins, a multifocal distribution with a high density of the bizarre cells, are possibly noted. Other morphologic criteria for malignancy, such as high mitotic rate and coagulative tumor cell necrosis, should be excluded. Additional sampling may be needed for an accurate diagnosis.
Journal Article
The science of the skeleton and muscles
Fun graphics and easy-to-comprehend language teach young readers how bones and muscles work together to support the human body and enable its many movements. Includes glossary and flowcharts that emphasize key concepts.
Book
Muscular dystrophies
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that share similar clinical features and dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy. An improved understanding of their molecular bases has led to more accurate definitions of the clinical features associated with known subtypes. Knowledge of disease-specific complications, implementation of anticipatory care, and medical advances have changed the standard of care, with an overall improvement in the clinical course, survival, and quality of life of affected people. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the molecular pathogenesis of several disorders and the availability of preclinical models are leading to several new experimental approaches, some of which are already in clinical trials. In this Seminar, we provide a comprehensive review that integrates clinical manifestations, molecular pathogenesis, diagnostic strategy, and therapeutic developments.
Journal Article
Human movement : how the body walks, runs, jumps, and kicks
Discusses the basic anatomy and physiology of the human body and how bones, muscles, organs, and nerves work together to make movement possible.
Book
2. Performance in Sports and Art. The Beginnings
The topic we are referring to has been debated on various occasions, but our approach aims on one hand the importance of physical exercises and their impact on a category of students, namely those in higher art education system, and on the other hand brings to attention some age-related changes, namely the succession of forms corresponding to the functional changes in time of our body. The period of evolution within this context corresponds to the growth stage up to 20 years. The growth and development of the musculoskeletal system in length, width and depth alternate according to a specific rhythm that allows periods of division. Thus, there are periods of growth in human life, mainly in terms of width and periods of growth in height, which alternate once at 3 or 4 years.
Seeveral chronicles and statistics prove that young people’s body with good physical condition has withstood the hardships of life in a much higher ratio than those who are not in fit. We know very well that a harmonious body is a preventative medicine against diseases and a body accustomed to physical exercises gives teenagers an extra dose of protection. According to the American Heart Association, physical inactivity increases the risk of stroke and amplifies other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as: obesity, high blood pressure, LDL cholesterol (“bad”) and diabetes.
This topic is all the more important as it’s about student artists who face certain problems related to the development of the human body under the conditions imposed by a profession, many of them being forced to adopt certain body positions for a long time either in front of the easel or with the violin in their hand, or on scaffolding, on mural or restoration sites. In fact, we have raised these issues in other articles and also at some symposium communications. We want to contribute to the training of young artists through the recommendations and programs provided in anatomy and sports culture so that this information is understandable and, at the same time, becomes a decision-maker in psycho-physical and, implicitly, in professional development.
Journal Article
MicroRNA-486–dependent modulation of DOCK3/PTEN/AKT signaling pathways improves muscular dystrophy–associated symptoms
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin, which results in dysfunctional signaling pathways within muscle. Previously, we identified microRNA-486 (miR-486) as a muscle-enriched microRNA that is markedly reduced in the muscles of dystrophin-deficient mice (Dmdmdx-5Cv mice) and in DMD patient muscles. Here, we determined that muscle-specific transgenic overexpression of miR-486 in muscle of Dmdmdx-5Cv mice results in reduced serum creatine kinase levels, improved sarcolemmal integrity, fewer centralized myonuclei, increased myofiber size, and improved muscle physiology and performance. Additionally, we identified dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3) as a miR-486 target in skeletal muscle and determined that DOCK3 expression is induced in dystrophic muscles. DOCK3 overexpression in human myotubes modulated PTEN/AKT signaling, which regulates muscle hypertrophy and growth, and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, several components of the PTEN/AKT pathway were markedly modulated by miR-486 in dystrophin-deficient muscle. Skeletal muscle-specific miR-486 overexpression in Dmdmdx-5Cv animals decreased levels of DOCK3, reduced PTEN expression, and subsequently increased levels of phosphorylated AKT, which resulted in an overall beneficial effect. Together, these studies demonstrate that stable overexpression of miR-486 ameliorates the disease progression of dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle.
Journal Article