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Return to Alexandria
The Bibliotheca Alexandrina was launched with great fanfare in the 1990s, a project of UNESCO and the Egyptian government to recreate the glory of the Alexandria Library and Museion of the ancient world. The project and its timing were curious-it coincided with scholarship moving away from the dominance of the western tradition; it privileged Alexandria's Greek heritage over 1500 years of Islamic scholarship; and it established an island for the cultural elite in an urban slum. Beverley Butler's ethnography of the project explores these contradictions, and the challenges faced by Egyptian and international scholars in overcoming them. Her critique of the underlying foundational concepts and values behind the Library is of equal importance, a nuanced postcolonial examination of memory, cultural revival, and homecoming. In this, she draws upon a wide array of thinkers: Freud, Derrida, Said, and Bernal, among others. Butler's book will be of great value to museologists, historians, archaeologists, cultural scholars, and heritage professionals.
eBook
Re-Imagining the Museum
Re-Imagining the Museum presents new interpretations of museum history and contemporary museum practices.
Through a range of case studies from the UK, North America and Australia, Andrea Witcomb moves away from the idea that museums are always 'conservative' to suggest they have a long history of engaging with popular culture and addressing a variety of audiences. She argues that museums are key mediators between high and popular culture and between government, media practitioners, cultural policy-makers and museums professionals.
Analyzing links between museums and the media, looking at the role of museums in cities, and discussing the effects on museums of cultural policies, Re-Imagining the Museum presents a vital tool in the study of museum practice.
eBook
Sustainable Digital Innovation for Regional Museums Through Cost-Effective Digital Reconstruction and Exhibition Co-Design: A Case Study of the Ryushi Memorial Museum
While national museums focus on broader national narratives, regional museums function as vital community hubs, establishing deeper local connections and facilitating intimate interactions between local residents and their heritage. These regional museums face dual challenges in their sustainable digital transformation, including the following: technical barriers arising from the high costs of traditional digitization methods like Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and humanistic challenges, including preserving distinctive multi-directional communication and balancing professionalism and authority with collaborative community engagement in the digitization process. This study addresses these challenges through a case study of the Ryushi Memorial Museum in Ota City, Tokyo. We present a comprehensive approach that integrates technical innovation with community engagement, including the following: (1) A cost-effective workflow combining photogrammetry with iPad LiDAR technology for spatial reconstruction, demonstrated through the digital reconstruction of the museum’s Atelier and Jibutsudo (family hall for worshipping Buddha); (2) a new Exhibition Co-Design framework that co-ordinates diverse stakeholders to create digital exhibitions while balancing professional guidance with community participation. Through questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews with museum volunteers, we demonstrate how this approach enhances community engagement by enabling volunteers to incorporate their local knowledge into digital exhibitions while maintaining professionalism and authority. This cost-effective model for spatial reconstruction and community-driven digital design can serve as a reference for other regional museums to help them achieve sustainable digital innovation in the digital age.
Journal Article
An assessment of selection and acquisition practices in meeting library users' information needs at Kenyan National Museum Library
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how quality information materials are maintained in Kenyan museum libraries by examining collection development policy, skills and processes used by librarians in acquisition.Design/methodology/approachA total of 137 respondents, which included 130 registered library users and seven members of staff, completed the questionnaires. This included the principal librarian, for whom an interview schedule was used to collect the required data. A pilot study to ensure data validity and reliability was carried out at the Kenya Medical Research Institute Library. Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyze the research data.FindingsThe findings, which were presented both textually and graphically, show that the National Museum of Kenya library lacks a collection development policy to guide the acquisition process, as well as a diverse set of information resources that are both comprehensive and current to meet the current user information needs. Furthermore, the key impediment to the acquisition of information materials was revealed to be financial constraints, and there was a positive effort to involve library users in the acquisition process.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focus on library users and library staff at the National Museums of Kenya (NMK) library in Nairobi, it may not be, therefore, representative of the acquisition processes at all Kenyan museum libraries. Although NMK has other branches across the country, they were not included in this study.Practical implicationsThis paper purposes to provide the Kenyan museum library with important information about maintaining quality information materials from the perspectives of librarians and library users. Despite efforts to improve information materials, the management faces financial challenges.Social implicationsThe study unveils underlying picture in selection and acquisition practices which will inform on meeting library users information needs.Originality/valueThe paper is of value as a case study of Kenya Museums Library.
Journal Article
User Experience, Business Models, and Service Design in Concert: Towards a General Methodological Framework for Value Proposition Enhancement
Companies in all businesses need efficient and user-friendly tools for experience design in a fast-paced digitalized world searching for sustainability. Although there are hundreds of methods and models in the interdisciplinary area of experience design, a general methodological framework for capturing the user experience as a personal outcome of the interaction with digitalized products and services into the value proposition of a business model is missing. In this paper, we develop a methodological framework for service design that guides the experience design process, aiming to enrich the value proposition with user experience in a business model. The framework is developed by integrating the fields of user experience design, service design, and business model design based on the notion of service-dominant logic and following design science principles. The framework is evaluated according to the design science methodology by applying multiple case studies in seven small and medium-sized companies in Croatia.
Journal Article
X-Ray microtomography for ant taxonomy: An exploration and case study with two new Terataner (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) species from Madagascar
We explore the potential of x-ray micro computed tomography (μCT) for the field of ant taxonomy by using it to enhance the descriptions of two remarkable new species of the ant genus Terataner: T. balrog sp. n. and T. nymeria sp. n.. We provide an illustrated worker-based species identification key for all species found on Madagascar, as well as detailed taxonomic descriptions, which include diagnoses, discussions, measurements, natural history data, high-quality montage images and distribution maps for both new species. In addition to conventional morphological examination, we have used virtual reconstructions based on volumetric μCT scanning data for the species descriptions. We also include 3D PDFs, still images of virtual reconstructions, and 3D rotation videos for both holotype workers and one paratype queen. The complete μCT datasets have been made available online (Dryad, https://datadryad.org) and represent the first cybertypes in ants (and insects). We discuss the potential of μCT scanning and critically assess the usefulness of cybertypes for ant taxonomy.
Journal Article
Simple rules can guide whether land- or ocean-based conservation will best benefit marine ecosystems
Coastal marine ecosystems can be managed by actions undertaken both on the land and in the ocean. Quantifying and comparing the costs and benefits of actions in both realms is therefore necessary for efficient management. Here, we quantify the link between terrestrial sediment runoff and a downstream coastal marine ecosystem and contrast the cost-effectiveness of marine- and land-based conservation actions. We use a dynamic land- and sea-scape model to determine whether limited funds should be directed to 1 of 4 alternative conservation actions-protection on land, protection in the ocean, restoration on land, or restoration in the ocean-to maximise the extent of light-dependent marine benthic habitats across decadal timescales. We apply the model to a case study for a seagrass meadow in Australia. We find that marine restoration is the most cost-effective action over decadal timescales in this system, based on a conservative estimate of the rate at which seagrass can expand into a new habitat. The optimal decision will vary in different social-ecological contexts, but some basic information can guide optimal investments to counteract land- and ocean-based stressors: (1) marine restoration should be prioritised if the rates of marine ecosystem decline and expansion are similar and low; (2) marine protection should take precedence if the rate of marine ecosystem decline is high or if the adjacent catchment is relatively intact and has a low rate of vegetation decline; (3) land-based actions are optimal when the ratio of marine ecosystem expansion to decline is greater than 1:1.4, with terrestrial restoration typically the most cost-effective action; and (4) land protection should be prioritised if the catchment is relatively intact but the rate of vegetation decline is high. These rules of thumb illustrate how cost-effective conservation outcomes for connected land-ocean systems can proceed without complex modelling.
Journal Article
Learning on Display
Through photographs and classroom examples, a former curriculum director, teacher, and museum educator shows the step-by-step process for creating school museums that make classwork rigorous, memorable, and fun.
eBook
Technology and digital initiatives
Technology and Digital Initiatives: Innovative Approaches for Museums discloses the ways in which technology is used as a means of communicating with visitors through podcasts, apps, websites, and blogs; as an educational enhancement through off-site e-learning and onsite participation at interactive kiosks; and as non-site-based experiences through collaborative initiatives providing open access to collections worldwide.
This book offers ten case studies that address technology and digital initiatives from the perspective of initiators and consumers. Each of the chapters consider the use of technology in as a means of communicating with visitors through apps, websites, and other online resources used onsite and off-site. For example, strategies of museums detailed on a global level by Jane Alexander and Elizabeth Bolander of The Cleveland Museum of Art and Sree Sreenivasan of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Alexander and Bolander walk us through the creation of a digital roadmap, a digital vision that links the museum's mission and strategic plans to the needs of its constituencies. Sree contends that museums can lead the way with innovation in the digital sector. And he offers lessons from his experience at the Met that might provide guidelines for your work and your museum.
The Innovative Approaches for Museums series offers case studies, written by scholars and practitioners from museums, galleries, and other institutions, that showcase the original, transformative, and sometimes wholly re-invented methods, techniques, systems, theories, and actions that demonstrate innovative work being done in the museum and cultural sector throughout the world. The authors come from a variety of institutions—in size, type, budget, audience, mission, and collection scope. Each volume offers ideas and support to those working in museums while serving as a resource and primer, as much as inspiration, for students and the museum staff and faculty training future professionals who will further develop future innovative approaches.
Contributions by: Jane Alexander, Elizabeth Bolander, Elizabeth Botten, Gareth Brereton, Nancy E. V. Bryk, Stephen J. Bury, Duygu Camurcuoglu, Kimberly Christen, John Dallwitz, Birger Ekornåsvåg Helgestad, Jennifer E. Henel, Kelly Quinn, Sree Sreenivasan, Jonathan Taylor, Sabra Thorner, Rihoko Ueno, and Heather Marie Wells
eBook