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Creating global music in Turkey
Creating Global Music in Turkey looks at the rise of ”world music” in Turkey by analyzing this country’s various “traditional” or ethnic music forms. The book focuses on the uniquely Turkish musical forms exemplified by Gypsy, Sufi, and Folk music, and explores how these have been incorporated into the global discourses of world music. In doing so, the book also shows how the place-making strategies of globalization are embodied through the construction of an “authentic” Istanbul sound under the label of world music. The reader is invited to consider each musical tradition as being a unique realm in its incorporation into world music. The process of incorporation and appropriation is explained by examination of the specificities of each realm. This book is unique within the relevant literature, focusing on the production of a global cultural form outside of the Western world. It uses the findings of comprehensive ethnographic research to reveal to the reader the strategies of actors, the discursive mechanisms in the field, and how the world music markets operate.
eBook
Sounding Roman : representation and performing identity in Western Turkey
How do marginalized communities speak back to power when they are excluded from political processes and socially denigrated? In what ways do they use music to sound out their unique histories and empower themselves? How can we hear their voices behind stereotyped and exaggerated portrayals promoted by mainstream communities, record producers and government officials? Sounding Roman: Music and Performing Identity in Western Turkey explores these questions through a historically-grounded and ethnographic study of Turkish Roman (\"Gypsies\") from the Ottoman period up to the present. Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork (1995 to the present), collected oral histories, historical documents of popular culture (recordings, images, song texts, theatrical scripts), legal and administrative documents, this book takes a hard look at historical processes by which Roman are stereotyped as and denigrated as \"ًcingene\"---a derogatory group name equivalent to the English term, \"gypsy\", and explores creative musical ways by which Roman have forged new musical forms as a means to create and assert new social identities. Sounding Roman presents detailed musical analysis of Turkish Roman musical genres and styles, set within social, historical and political contexts of musical performances. By moving from Byzantine and Ottoman social contexts, we witness the reciprocal construction of ethnic identity of both Roman and Turk through music in the 20th century. From neighborhood weddings held in the streets, informal music lessons, to recording studios and concert stages, the book traces the dynamic negotiation of social identity with new musical sounds. Through a detailed ethnography of Turkish Roman (\"Gypsy\") musical practices from the Ottoman period to the present, this work investigates the power of music to configure new social identities and pathways for political action, while testing the limits of cultural representation to effect meaningful social change.
Book
Mixing Musics
This book traces the mixing of musical forms and practices in Istanbul to illuminate multiethnic music-making and its transformations across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. It focuses on the Jewish religious repertoire known as the Maftirim, which developed in parallel with \"secular\" Ottoman court music. Through memoirs, personal interviews, and new archival sources, the book explores areas often left out of those histories of the region that focus primarily on Jewish communities in isolation, political events and actors, or nationalizing narratives. Maureen Jackson foregrounds artistic interactivity, detailing the life-stories of musicians and their musical activities. Her book amply demonstrates the integration of Jewish musicians into a larger art world and traces continuities and ruptures in a nation-building era. Among its richly researched themes, the book explores the synagogue as a multifunctional venue within broader urban space; girls, women, and gender issues in an all-male performance practice; new technologies and oral transmission; and Ottoman musical reconstructions within Jewish life and cultural politics in Turkey today.
eBook
Popular music and multimodal critical discourse studies : ideology, control, and resistance in Turkey since 2002
Popular music has long been used to entertain, provoke, to challenge and liberate but also to oppress and control. This book shows how an innovative set of methods from Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies (MCDS) can be used to reveal the deeply political role played by some popular music. It is set in and around contemporary Turkish society, with its complex and deep ideological divisions increasingly obvious under the stewardship of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his centre-right political party in power since 2002. Deeper questions can be asked as to the extent popular music can articulate clear and more complex ideas about society, identities and events. The book takes up these kinds of questions which are commonly asked across the field of popular music studies and demonstrates how MCDS can provide an important and timely step forward due to its attention to the details of how communication takes place, its interest in discourse and how ideologies are naturalised and legitimized. This book is a part of the ongoing multimodal turn in critical discourse studies. There has also been an increase in interest specifically in popular music in CDS, stemming from the work of Van Leeuwen and Machin. This work shows the potential of studying the details of the lyrics of popular music, visuals associated with songs (as seen in pop videos) and musical sounds.
Book
Ottoman Tanbûr
The Ottoman Tanbûr provides a detailed study of the
history of this long-necked lute-like instrument, its role in
Ottoman music, construction and playing technique. Tanbûrs
are played in the art, Sûfî, and folk musical traditions along
the Silk Road and beyond. In Turkey, the name tanbûr is
mainly used as a name for the long-necked tanbûr of
Ottoman art music, the Ottoman tanbûr . The origin and
early development of the Ottoman tanbûr is,
notwithstanding its importance, still not fully understood due to
the absence or scarcity of literary and iconographical sources,
while well-preserved Ottoman tanbûrs are rare or
non-existent. The book explores the political and
cultural-historical conditions that contributed to the development
of a distinct Ottoman Art music (Osmanlı san'at mûsîkîsi)
in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and the central place
given to the tanbûr . Thereafter, Ottoman art music and the
Ottoman tanbûr suffered from official neglect until the
end of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and even rejection after the
establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923. This situation
changed after the foundation of the first Turkish music
conservatory in 1975 at the Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi (ITÜ). The
revival of Ottoman art music since the 1990s resulted in a
rehabilitation of Ottoman art music and of the Ottoman
tanbûr whose days had seemed to be numbered.
eBook
The republic of love
At the heart of The Republic of Love are the voices of three musicians—queer nightclub star Zeki Müren, arabesk originator Orhan Gencebay, and pop diva Sezen Aksu—who collectively have dominated mass media in Turkey since the early 1950s. Their fame and ubiquity have made them national icons—but, Martin Stokes here contends, they do not represent the official version of Turkish identity propagated by anthems or flags; instead they evoke a much more intimate and ambivalent conception of Turkishness. Using these three singers as a lens, Stokes examines Turkey’s repressive politics and civil violence as well as its uncommonly vibrant public life in which music, art, literature, sports, and journalism have flourished. However, Stokes’s primary concern is how Müren, Gencebay, and Aksu’s music and careers can be understood in light of theories of cultural intimacy. In particular, he considers their contributions to the development of a Turkish concept of love, analyzing the ways these singers explore the private matters of intimacy, affection, and sentiment on the public stage.
eBook
Greek Orthodox Music in Ottoman Istanbul
During the late Ottoman period (1856-1922), a time of contestation about imperial policy toward minority groups, music helped the Ottoman Greeks in Istanbul define themselves as a distinct cultural group. A part of the largest non-Muslim minority within a multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire, the Greek Orthodox educated elite engaged in heated discussions about their cultural identity, Byzantine heritage, and prospects for the future, at the heart of which were debates about the place of traditional liturgical music in a community that was confronting modernity and westernization. Merih Erol draws on archival evidence from ecclesiastical and lay sources dealing with understandings of Byzantine music and history, forms of religious chanting, the life stories of individual cantors, and other popular and scholarly sources of the period. Audio examples keyed to the text are available online.
eBook