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Festival testing: A survey of suspected drugs seized from New Zealand music festivals, December 2018 to March 2019
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•MDMA was detected in two-thirds of samples seized at New Zealand music festivals.•Second most popular drug seized at New Zealand music festivals was cannabis.•Handheld Raman spectrometer showed variable success at analysing music festival seizures.•Collaborative testing between on-site testing services and laboratory-based scientists recommended.
Music festivals and other recreational events are common settings for illicit drug use with the intention of socialising, relaxing and creating a memorable experience. The use of stimulants is commonly reported at music festivals, with a general preference for MDMA, cocaine, cathinones and LSD. The results from this survey of drugs seized at New Zealand music festivals show a similar trend, with MDMA accounting for two-thirds of the 305 samples seized. The second most popular drug in this survey was cannabis plant material, which is not generally noted as being a common festival drug but reflect New Zealand drug culture. On-site drug testing services can provide valuable information and education to potential drug users. In this study, a handheld Raman spectrometer was able to correctly identify at least one of the components in 54% of the samples analysed, meaning a large proportion of samples tested were unable to be identified using this device. A collaborative testing approach between on-site testing services and laboratory-based scientists is recommended in order to improve testing accuracy and provide additional information that might assist in harm reduction from drug use at music festivals.
Journal Article
The pop festival : history, music, media, culture
\"A brilliant collection of essays on popular music festival culture as a whole, from its origins to a wide range of contemporary manifestations\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Drug checking at an electronic dance music festival during the public health overdose emergency in British Columbia
Setting
Shambhala is a 5-day electronic dance music (EDM) festival held in rural British Columbia that annually hosts between 15,000 and 18,000 people on a 500-acre ranch. The AIDS Network Outreach & Support Society (ANKORS) has provided harm reduction services throughout the duration of the festival since 2003, including point-of-care drug checking, which allows real-time testing of illicit substances to assess their composition. Drug checking results are provided directly to clients and displayed in aggregate on a screen for all attendees to see.
Intervention
In 2017, ANKORS added fentanyl checking to their repertoire of drug checking technologies for festivalgoers. Volunteers used a brief survey to collect information on what clients expected the samples to contain. Volunteers carried out drug checks and subsequently logged test results. ANKORS provided an amnesty bin at the tent for clients who chose to discard their substances.
Outcomes
Of the 2683 surveys, 2387 included data on both the client’s belief and the actual test result. Clients were more likely to discard when the test result differed from their belief (5.16%) than when their belief was confirmed (0.69%). Discarding increased to 15.54% when the test could not clearly identify a substance and to 30.77% if the client did not have a prior belief of the substance. Of 1971 samples tested for fentanyl, 31 tested positive and 16.13% of clients discarded compared to 2.63% in the negative group.
Implications
Drug checking services appeal to festivalgoers who, when faced with uncertainty, may discard their substances. This innovative harm reduction service allows for a personalized risk discussion, potentially reaching others via word-of-mouth and early warning systems.
Journal Article
Woodstock 50th anniversary : back to Yasgur's farm
Celebrating \"the greatest peaceful event in history,\" Woodstock 50th Anniversary: Back to Yasgur's Farm offers a dazzlingly and compelling front-row seat to the most important concert in rock history, an implausible happening filled with trials and triumphs that defined a generation.
Book
Testing wastewater from a music festival in Switzerland to assess illicit drug use
•Wastewater analysis shows that cocaine, MDMA and amphetamine use is stable over two editions of a Swiss music festival.•Wastewater analysis confirms that MDMA is internationally prevalent in festivals, as well as amphetamine to a lesser extent.•MDMA and amphetamine are more consumed during the festival compared to normal times, when there is no festival.•Police seizures supports the hypothesis of an existing market for MDMA and amphetamine during the festival.
This article describes the application of a recently proposed framework for deploying wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) to monitor illicit drug use within festivals (Benaglia et al., 2019). The festival under study was a week-long music festival in Switzerland (Swiss Festival) which attracted around 50,000 people daily. Wastewater sampling was performed during its 2014 and 2015 editions. As the Swiss Festival’s wastewater is conveyed to the sewage treatment plant (STP) of the nearby city, to assess illicit drug use when there is no festival (i.e. the background consumption) wastewater sampling was also carried out during an off-festival week in 2015. During the 2014 and 2015 editions of the Swiss Festival, WBE highlighted that the most consumed illicit drugs were cannabis, MDMA, cocaine and amphetamine. Excluding cannabis, the means per capita loads of all illicit drugs were not statistically different between both editions of the Swiss Festival. The results were then compared to those of an Australian festival which had also been subject of a quantitatively assessed illicit drug use study (Lai et al., 2013). This comparison confirmed that MDMA is highly prevalent, as well as amphetamine, although to a lesser extent. Consumption of cocaine (in Switzerland) and methamphetamine (in Australia) is also high, but their use seems to be related to their availability (i.e. to the country where the festival takes place). Furthermore, it was observed that MDMA and amphetamine are more consumed during the festival compared to normal times, when there is no festival. This might suggest that their availability is increased and therefore, that a market for these substances potentially exists during the festival. This last hypothesis was assessed by consulting drug seizures made by the police during the 2015 Swiss Festival. Despite very limited data, police records suggested that most of the drugs were purchased at the festival, which supports the previous hypothesis. Results validate, on the one hand, WBE as a useful indicator to monitor illicit drug use within festivals and on the other hand, the suggested framework for deploying WBE in such environment. In addition, this study suggests the need for prevention and harm reduction measures targeted on MDMA and amphetamine during the Swiss Festival, such as drug checking laboratories.
Journal Article
The Power of Song
The Power of Song shows how the people of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania confronted a military superpower and achieved independence in the Baltic Singing Revolution. When attacked by Soviet soldiers in public displays of violent force, singing Balts maintained faith in nonviolent political action. More than 110 choral, rock, and folk songs are translated and interpreted in poetic, cultural, and historical context.
Watch the trailer: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gh7vFFjK0rc
eBook
Sponsorship Culture in the German University Popular Music Festival Market
Music festivals have become important events for people to experience music collectively and take a break from their everyday lives.Companies and institutions like to use music festivals as opportunities for advertising their products and services through sponsorship.
eBook