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MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking: An Efficient Approach for Natural Products Dereplication
Natural products (NPs) have historically played a primary role in the discovery of small-molecule drugs. However, due to the advent of other methodologies and the drawbacks of NPs, the pharmaceutical industry has largely declined in interest regarding the screening of new drugs from NPs since 2000. There are many technical bottlenecks to quickly obtaining new bioactive NPs on a large scale, which has made NP-based drug discovery very time-consuming, and the first thorny problem faced by researchers is how to dereplicate NPs from crude extracts. Remarkably, with the rapid development of omics, analytical instrumentation, and artificial intelligence technology, in 2012, an efficient approach, known as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based molecular networking (MN) analysis, was developed to avoid the rediscovery of known compounds from the complex natural mixtures. Then, in the past decade, based on the classical MN (CLMN), feature-based MN (FBMN), ion identity MN (IIMN), building blocks-based molecular network (BBMN), substructure-based MN (MS2LDA), and bioactivity-based MN (BMN) methods have been presented. In this paper, we review the basic principles, general workflow, and application examples of the methods mentioned above, to further the research and applications of these methods.
Journal Article
Smarter homes : how technology will change your home life
\"Over the past 100 years, the home has been a battleground for ideas of future living. Fueled by the electrification of cities, the move from the country to cities, post-war recovery and the development of the internet, the way we live at home (alone or with others) has changed beyond recognition. Science fiction writing, the entertainment industry, art, and modern interior design and architecture movements have also contributed to defining our aspirations around a future and now more present and possible `smart' home. From the decade-old smart fridge that tells you if you have run out of milk to smart speakers that let you shop hands-free, some visions of the 'smart' home are yet to excite us while others are becoming a reality and will shape how we will live at home very soon. This book breaks down the historical, societal and political context for the changes in focus of that `smartness' from affordability, efficiency, convenience to recently experimentation. These key points in time include: The development and marketing of electrical appliances in early 20th century; War-time design the impact of military ergonomics; Modernist interior design and building practices of the 1920s; The space race and new materials of the post-war era; Compact urban living in the 1960s & 70s; Connected home entertainment in the 1980s-90s; Phones and mobility in the 90s; Smart energy & utilities in the early 2000s; The internet-connected fridge in 2000; Remote care in a global world economy; The sharing economy and new ways to shop at home; Invisible `smart' design in the home. The second half of the book breaks down what current developments tell us about what our homes will look like in the next 10 years through the lens of spaces, services, appliances and behaviours in our homes. What You'll Learn-- Understand the historical context for current `smart home' products; Understand the social context of home product development; Understand what in home technologies are being developed; Understand what products are currently available; Understand what behaviours are being constantly leveraged; Understand how this may affect longer term market trends for consumer products. Many new and innovative products are being developed in the consumer and industrial spaces with a copy-paste mindset based on following larger businesses such as Amazon, Google and Apple. Many opportunities in the homespace however will come from understanding the history and multiple players that have contributed to the development of the home in general. For everyone working in product design and development, in R & D or in trends research as well as for everyone interested in the IT for the home, this book will be a valuable resource and an enjoyable read. This book will give product business owners ideas about what has been done before and and avenues for future development.\"--Publisher's description.
Book
The Contaminating Effects of Building Instrumental Ties: How Networking Can Make Us Feel Dirty
In this paper, we examine the consequences of social networking for an individual's morality, arguing that the content and approach of networking have different implications for how a person feels during the development and maintenance of social ties. We focus in particular on professional-instrumental networking: the purposeful creation of social ties in support of task and professional goals. Unlike personal networking in pursuit of emotional support or friendship, and unlike social ties that emerge spontaneously, instrumental networking in pursuit of professional goals can impinge on an individual's moral purity—a psychological state that results from viewing the self as clean from a moral standpoint—and thus make an individual feel dirty. We theorize that such feelings of dirtiness decrease the frequency of instrumental networking and, as a result, work performance. We conducted four studies using both field and laboratory data from different populations to investigate the psychological consequences of networking behaviors. Two experiments provide support for a causal relationship between instrumental networking for professional goals, feeling dirty, and need for cleansing. A survey study of lawyers in a large North American business law firm offers correlational evidence that professionals who experience feelings of dirtiness from instrumental networking, relative to those who do not, tend to engage in it less frequently and have lower job performance. With regard to sources of variability in dirtiness from instrumental networking for professional goals, we document that when those who engage in such networking have high versus low power, they experience fewer feelings of dirtiness. An additional experimental study constructively replicates this finding.
Journal Article
A systematic review for smart identifier networking
The current Internet has revealed numerous shortcomings due to the limitations in its original design, and is being challenged by the user’s increasingly complicated requirements for efficient data distribution. To this end, a novel network paradigm namely SINET (smart identifier networking) is proposed, aiming to shift the communication pattern of the traditional IP networks from passive best-effort packet delivery to the active on-demand adaptation of network and service resources. In this way, SINET is able to provide agile, differentiated and customizable traffic steering and performance enhancement for customers of different scenarios with various service quality guaranteed. In this paper, we are going to summarize the main design principles and associated key mechanisms of SINET, and briefly introduce its research outcomes in several typical application scenes.
Journal Article
Online Social Networking and Mental Health among Older Adults: A Scoping Review
As the number of older adults is expected to increase exponentially within the next few decades, loneliness, social isolation, and depression among seniors are growing public health concerns. Although formal treatment options, such as therapy and medication, can be helpful for depression, they can also be expensive and sometimes ineffective. It is therefore important to consider other potential treatment options and social interventions. Alternative methods for addressing mental health issues are especially important for older adults, as they may encounter barriers associated with aging such as limited mobility and decreased social networks. In these circumstances, online social networking may offer a potential “social cure” to alleviate loneliness, social isolation, and depression. The purpose of this scoping review was to gather and summarize the current literature on associations between online social networking and mental health outcomes (e.g., depression, life satisfaction, loneliness) among older adults. An initial search of 3,699 articles resulted in 52 articles that met criteria for inclusion. Five common themes were identified: (1) enhanced communication with family and friends, (2) greater independence and self-efficacy, (3) creation of online communities, (4) positive associations with well-being and life satisfaction, and (5) decreased depressive symptoms. Implications for older adults’ mental health, social connectedness, programs and policies are discussed.
Journal Article