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"Nanotechnology"
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The diamond age
The future is small. The future is nano ... And who could be smaller or more insignificant than poor Little Nell - an orphan girl alone and adrift in a world of Confucian Law, Neo-Victorian values and warring nano-technology? Well, not quite alone. Because Nell has a friend, of sorts. A guide, a teacher, an armed and unarmed combat instructor, a book and a computer.
Book
Opportunities and challenges for nanotechnology in the agri-tech revolution
Current agricultural practices, developed during the green revolution, are becoming unsustainable, especially in the face of climate change and growing populations. Nanotechnology will be an important driver for the impending agri-tech revolution that promises a more sustainable, efficient and resilient agricultural system, while promoting food security. Here, we present the most promising new opportunities and approaches for the application of nanotechnology to improve the use efficiency of necessary inputs (light, water, soil) for crop agriculture, and for better managing biotic and abiotic stress. Potential development and implementation barriers are discussed, emphasizing the need for a systems approach to designing proposed nanotechnologies.Nanotechnology offers a range of opportunities for sustainable agriculture. Successful developments will need a systems approach to designing proposed nanotechnologies.
Journal Article
Nanotechnology
Examines how engineering on an incredibly tiny scale is enabling new advances in architecture, medicine, and many other fields.
Book
Structure, folding and flexibility of co-transcriptional RNA origami
RNA origami is a method for designing RNA nanostructures that can self-assemble through co-transcriptional folding with applications in nanomedicine and synthetic biology. However, to advance the method further, an improved understanding of RNA structural properties and folding principles is required. Here we use cryogenic electron microscopy to study RNA origami sheets and bundles at sub-nanometre resolution revealing structural parameters of kissing-loop and crossover motifs, which are used to improve designs. In RNA bundle designs, we discover a kinetic folding trap that forms during folding and is only released after 10 h. Exploration of the conformational landscape of several RNA designs reveal the flexibility of helices and structural motifs. Finally, sheets and bundles are combined to construct a multidomain satellite shape, which is characterized by individual-particle cryo-electron tomography to reveal the domain flexibility. Together, the study provides a structural basis for future improvements to the design cycle of genetically encoded RNA nanodevices.
RNA nanostructures can be designed to fold during transcription, but the solution structure has remained elusive. Here the authors use cryogenic electron microscopy to determine the structure of a panel of RNA origami shapes and uncover the design and folding principles.
Journal Article
Discover nanotechnology
\"Have you ever wondered what would happen if scientists could change or control atoms, the smallest building blocks of the universe? Examine the science of nanotechnology with simple language and striking visuals that reinforce understanding.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Nano-enabled strategies to enhance crop nutrition and protection
Various nano-enabled strategies are proposed to improve crop production and meet the growing global demands for food, feed and fuel while practising sustainable agriculture. After providing a brief overview of the challenges faced in the sector of crop nutrition and protection, this Review presents the possible applications of nanotechnology in this area. We also consider performance data from patents and unpublished sources so as to define the scope of what can be realistically achieved. In addition to being an industry with a narrow profit margin, agricultural businesses have inherent constraints that must be carefully considered and that include existing (or future) regulations, as well as public perception and acceptance. Directions are also identified to guide future research and establish objectives that promote the responsible and sustainable development of nanotechnology in the agri-business sector.Nanomaterials have the potential to be very effective as fertilizers and pesticides for crops. This article reviews results so far and challenges ahead.
Journal Article
Green nanomaterials : sustainable technologies and applications
\"Recent technological advancements in green nanotechnology have opened a brand new avenue for research and development in the field of medicinal plants-mediated nanoparticles, biopolymer, biotechnology, and antimicrobial and biomedical research. This new volume, Green Nanomaterials: Sustainable Technologies and Applications, explores a number of eco-friendly technologies in green materials synthesis, which are of considerable importance. It takes an inter- and cross-multidisciplinary approach to the green chemistry of nanoengineering and green nanotechnology application in materials research. It provides informative coverage of this exciting and dynamic new field as well as relates the fundamentals of soft-nanomaterials fabrication and brand new spectroscopic integration. The book explores bio-inspired self-assembly green nanomaterials for multifunctional applications as well as the design and synthesis of green polymeric nanomaterials for a number of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, including biosensors, drug delivery, antimicrobial applications, etc. Also discussed is the fabrication of green polymer nanocomposites from waste and natural fibers, such as chitin fiber, chitin whisker fiber, cellulose fiber, nano cellulose fiber, eggshells, and cotton waste. The book is a unique mixture of exclusive ideas from peer-reviewed papers, reports from the latest research newsletters, mini reviews, and invited papers on key developments in the field. It will be a helpful resource for scientists and researchers, industry professionals, and faculty and advanced students in this area\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing
This article reviews the use of graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing, highlighting the potential of approaches that involve DNA molecules passing through graphene nanopores, nanogaps, and nanoribbons, or the physisorption of DNA on graphene nanostructures.
Fast, cheap, and reliable DNA sequencing could be one of the most disruptive innovations of this decade, as it will pave the way for personalized medicine. In pursuit of such technology, a variety of nanotechnology-based approaches have been explored and established, including sequencing with nanopores. Owing to its unique structure and properties, graphene provides interesting opportunities for the development of a new sequencing technology. In recent years, a wide range of creative ideas for graphene sequencers have been theoretically proposed and the first experimental demonstrations have begun to appear. Here, we review the different approaches to using graphene nanodevices for DNA sequencing, which involve DNA passing through graphene nanopores, nanogaps, and nanoribbons, and the physisorption of DNA on graphene nanostructures. We discuss the advantages and problems of each of these key techniques, and provide a perspective on the use of graphene in future DNA sequencing technology.
Journal Article
Utilizing the power of Cerenkov light with nanotechnology
This Review summarizes the developments in Cerenkov imaging and highlights how advances in nanotechnology and materials science have opened new avenues for basic and applied sciences using Cerenkov luminescence.
The characteristic blue glow of Cerenkov luminescence (CL) arises from the interaction between a charged particle travelling faster than the phase velocity of light and a dielectric medium, such as water or tissue. As CL emanates from a variety of sources, such as cosmic events, particle accelerators, nuclear reactors and clinical radionuclides, it has been used in applications such as particle detection, dosimetry, and medical imaging and therapy. The combination of CL and nanoparticles for biomedicine has improved diagnosis and therapy, especially in oncological research. Although radioactive decay itself cannot be easily modulated, the associated CL can be through the use of nanoparticles, thus offering new applications in biomedical research. Advances in nanoparticles, metamaterials and photonic crystals have also yielded new behaviours of CL. Here, we review the physics behind Cerenkov luminescence and associated applications in biomedicine. We also show that by combining advances in nanotechnology and materials science with CL, new avenues for basic and applied sciences have opened.
Journal Article