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"National characteristics, East Asian"
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Becoming yellow
In their earliest encounters with Asia, Europeans almost uniformly characterized the people of China and Japan as white. This was a means of describing their wealth and sophistication, their willingness to trade with the West, and their presumed capacity to become Christianized. But by the end of the seventeenth century the category of whiteness was reserved for Europeans only. When and how did Asians become \"yellow\" in the Western imagination? Looking at the history of racial thinking, Becoming Yellow explores the notion of yellowness and shows that this label originated not in early travel texts or objective descriptions, but in the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century scientific discourses on race.
eBook
Civilization, Nation and Modernity in East Asia
This book explores the crisis of cultural identity which has assaulted Asian countries since Western countries began to have a profound impact on Asia in the nineteenth century. Confronted by Western 'civilization' and by 'modernity', Asian countries have been compelled to rethink their identity, and to consider how they should relate to Western 'civilization' and 'modernity'. The result, the author argues, has been a redefining by Asian countries of their own character as nations, and an adaptation of 'civilization' and 'modernity' to their own special conditions. Asian nations, the author contends, have thereby engaged with the West and with modernity, but on their own terms, occasionally, and in various inconsistent ways in which they could assert a sense of difference, forcing changes in the Western concept of civilization. Drawing on postmodern theory, the Kyoto School, Confucian and other traditional Asian thought, and the actual experiences of Asian countries, especially China and Japan, the author demonstrates that Asian countries' redefining of the concept of civilization in the course of their quest for an appropriate postmodern national identity is every bit as key a part of 'the rise of Asia' as economic growth or greater international political activity.
eBook
Asia Pacific Security - Values and Identity
The main theme of this book is that security is not just about defence from external attack, but embraces the protection of identity and values which cultures regard as important, and which they may regard as worth fighting for. It examines Asia Pacific security from the perspective of the values and identities of the major actors in the region - China, Japan, the Koreas and the USA.
1. Values and Identities 2. China, Values and Identity and the Significance of Taiwan 3. Values, Identity and Japanese Security 4. The Korean Peninsula 5. Values and Identity in US Asia Pacific Policy 6. Values, Identity and Asia Pacific Regionalism 7. Values, Identity and Asia Pacific Security Bibliography
Leszek Buszynski is Professor of International Relations at the Graduate School of International Relations, International University of Japan. He has previously been with the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, and the Department of Political Science at the National University of Singapore. He has published extensively on Asia Pacific security issues.
eBook
Alternative Indias : writing, nation and communalism
The debate over whether religious or secular identities provide the most viable model for a wider national identity has been a continuous feature of Indian politics from the late nineteenth century to the present day. Moreover, in the last thirty years the increasingly communal articulation of popular politics and the gradual rise of a constellation of Hindu nationalist parties headed by the BJP has increased the urgency of this debate. While Indian writing in English has fostered a long tradition of political dissent, and has repeatedly questioned ethnocentric, culturally exclusive forms of political identification, few critics have considered how this literature engages directly with communalism, or charted the literary-political response to key events such as the Babri Masjid / Ramjanmabhumi affair and the recent growth of popular forms of Hindu nationalism. The essays collected in Alternative Indias break new ground in studies of Indian literature and film by discussing how key authors offer contending, 'alternative' visions of India and how poetry, fiction and film can revise both the communal and secular versions of national belonging that define current debates about 'Indianness'. Including contributions from international scholars distinguished in the field of South Asian literary studies, and featuring an informative introduction charting the parallel developments of writing, the nation and communal consciousness, Alternative Indias offers a fresh perspective on the connections and discontinuities between culture and politics in the world's biggest democracy.
eBook
SECURITY STRATEGY OF MIDDLE POWERS IN THE ASIA PACIFIC
Review(s) of: Security strategy of middle powers in the Asia Pacific, by Ralf Emmers and Sarah Teo, Published by: Melbourne University Publishing, Melbourne, 2018, 228pp, A$69.99 (hb), A$49.99 (pb).
Book Review
Denationalizing Identities
Denationalizing Identities
explores the relationship between performance and ideology
in the global Sinosphere. Wah Guan Lim's study of four
important diasporic director-playwrights-Gao Xingjian, Stan Lai
Sheng-chuan, Danny Yung Ning Tsun, and Kuo Pao Kun-shows the impact
of theater on ideas of \"Chineseness\" across China, Taiwan, Hong
Kong, and Singapore.
At the height of the Cold War, the \"Bamboo Curtain\" divided the
\"two Chinas\" across the Taiwan Strait. Meanwhile, Hong Kong
prepared for its handover to the People's Republic of China and
Singapore rethought Chinese education. As geopolitical tensions
imposed ethno-nationalist identities across the region, these four
dramatists wove together local, foreign, and Chinese elements in
their art, challenging mainland China's narrative of an inevitable
communist outcome. By performing cultural identities alternative to
the ones sanctioned by their own states, they debunked notions of a
unified Chineseness. Denationalizing Identities highlights
the key role theater and performance played in circulating people
and ideas across the Chinese-speaking world, well before
cross-strait relations began to thaw.
eBook
The China wave
This is a best-seller in China and a geopolitical book for our times. As a leading thinker from China, Zhang Weiwei provides an original, comprehensive and engrossing study on the rise of China and its effective yet controversial model of development, and the book has become a centerpiece of an unfolding debate within China on the nature and future of the world's most populous nation and its possible global impact. China's rise, according to Zhang, is not the rise of an ordinary country, but the rise of a different type of country, a country sui generis, a civilizational state, a new model of development and a new political discourse which indeed questions many of the Western assumptions about democracy, good governance and human rights. The book is as analytical as it is provocative, and should be required reading for everyone concerned with the rise of China and its global implications.
eBook
Current state and future education implication of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) among Chinese anesthesiologists: national repeated cross-sectional surveys from 2019 to 2023
Background
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have been widely adopted to improve surgical outcomes. In this study, we aimed to assess the current state of awareness and specific knowledge of ERAS among Chinese anesthesiologists, examine difficulties in implementation, and identify future priorities for ERAS education and training.
Methods
A self-designed, repeated national survey regarding awareness and practice of the ERAS concept, specific knowledge, learning modalities, and difficulties in ERAS implementation was conducted in 2019, 2021, and 2023. Factors related to mastery of knowledge were analyzed via subgroup analysis and multivariable linear regression.
Results
A total of 6385 participants were included; 96.2% were anesthesiologists. Approximately half of the participants reported implementing ERAS in more than 40% of patients. Compared with those in the 2019 survey, the overall proportion of participants who had heard about the concept of ERAS remained relatively stable across the three surveys (
P
= 0.078). However, significant improvements were observed in participants reported good understanding (defined as responding “very familiar” or “quite familiar”) of ERAS and implementing rate of ERAS in clinical practice (
P
< 0.001). The mean score on the 15-question quiz was 8.5 ± 2.5. Significant differences in scores were observed across various geographic regions, levels of hospitals, education, professional titles, and age. Most anesthesiologists expressed a strong desire for additional education on ERAS in several ways. Feedback from the open-ended question in the survey indicated that multidisciplinary collaboration was a major challenge in implementing ERAS.
Conclusions
This nationwide study indicates a notable enhancement in the comprehension and implementation of ERAS among Chinese anesthesiologists, although there is still room for improvement. Future efforts should focus on improving education and training to enhance ERAS knowledge and practice levels among health care providers.
Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Journal Article