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Forums such as commissions, courtroom trials, and tribunals that have been established through the second half of the twentieth century to address aboriginal land claims have consequently created a particular way of presenting aboriginal, colonial, and national histories. The history that emerges from these land-claims processes is often criticized for being \"presentist\" - inaccurately interpreting historical actions and actors through the lens of present-day values, practices, and concerns. In Aboriginal Rights Claims and the Making and Remaking of History, Arthur Ray examines how claims-oriented research is often fitted to the existing frames of indigenous rights law and claims legislation and, as a result, has influenced the development of these laws and legislation. Through a comparative study encompassing the United States, Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, Ray also explores the ways in which various procedures and settings for claims adjudication have influenced and changed the use of historical evidence, made space for indigenous voices, stimulated scholarly debates about the cultural and historical experiences of indigenous peoples at the time of initial European contact and afterward, and have provoked reactions from politicians and scholars. While giving serious consideration to the flaws and strengths of presentist histories, Aboriginal Rights Claims and the Making and Remaking of History provides communities with essential information on how history is used and how methods are adapted and changed.

In Canada, Aboriginal peoples are succeeding at regaining portions of their traditional land base. Accomplished through the signing of historic treaties and the negotiation of comprehensive land claims agreements, nearly seven percent of Canada's entire land base is now under the administrative authority of Aboriginal governments. Notwithstanding these accomplishments, it remains unclear whether such territorial gains coincide with a heightened sense of tenure security. Together with the Little Red River Cree Nation of Alberta and the Little Salmon/Carmacks First Nation of the Yukon Territory, we set out to learn how First Nation members perceive their access to traditional lands to be changing over time and by generation. Findings indicate that despite various tenure reforms, First Nation members remain concerned that their traditional territories are susceptible to the interests of others. Given that perceptions of tenure security informs the basis by which people exploit resources, these conditions could potentially intensify into conflict with those who are seen as benefiting at the expense of First Nation members and propagate behaviors yielding higher short-term benefits leading to the over-exploitation of natural resources. While grounded in two Canadian case studies, the findings of this research have broad implications for other countries that are using treaties and other modern forms of agreement making to restructure land tenure arrangements with Aboriginal peoples.

Treaty federalism in North America encompasses not only governance implications of the historic treaties signed with Aboriginal peoples, but also the modern-day treaties known as “comprehensive land claim agreements.” This article explores how treaty federalism is realized in Northern Canada through claims-mandated joint government-Aboriginal boards dealing with wildlife management, land-use planning, and environmental protection. These boards, existing at the intersection of the three orders of government-national, federal/territorial, and Aboriginal—are found to be unique governance institutions, with substantial independence from government. They have significantly enhanced Aboriginal peoples' influence over land, wildlife, and resource decisions, but the extent to which they bring Aboriginal culture and worldviews to bear in decision-making remains an open question.

Since their introduction in 1973, comprehensive land claims (CLC) agreements have become important mechanisms for Aboriginal peoples to achieve their political, social, cultural, and economic goals. Although the literature on CLC negotiations is a rich and varied one, it has tended to ignore the role that municipal governments have on influencing negotiation outcomes. This lacuna is surprising since a number of treaty negotiations in the Yukon Territory and BC involve lands located in major municipalities. This paper develops a theoretical framework for understanding the influence that municipal governments can have on treaty negotiation outcomes. Using a case study of the Kwanlin Dün First Nation treaty negotiations in the Yukon Territory, we find that institutional and milieu factors are important. However, leadership was the most important and decisive factor. Résumé. Depuis leur apparition en 1973, les ententes portant sur les revendications territoriales globales sont devenues des mécanismes importants pour les peuples autochtones dans l'atteinte de leurs objectifs politiques, sociaux, culturels et économiques. Bien que la documentation sur ces ententes soit volumineuse et variée, elle tend à ignorer le rôle influent que jouent les administrations municipales lors de telles négociations. Cette lacune est surprenante, dans la mesure où plusieurs de ces traitésconcernaient des territoires situés dans des zones urbaines d'importance de la Colombie-Britannique et du Yukon. Cet article vise à développer un cadre théorique pour mieux comprendre l'influence des administrations municipales dans le dénouement de négociations territoriales. En utilisant l'étude de cas des négociations de la Première nation de Kwanlin Dün au Yukon, nous constatons l'importance de la structure institutionnelle et communautaire. Cependant, le leadership demeure le facteur le plus crucial lors d'un tel processus.

U.S. SOFTWOOD FINDING STOKES JOB FEARS IN CANADA Fears of job losses are growing among Canadian softwood producers after the U.S. International Trade Commission said today that an initial determination found lumber from Canada harmed American producers.

B.C. Hydro acknowledges that the key to meeting future challenges lies in innovative strategies to develop constructive relationships with Aboriginal people. The company's desire to forge new relationships with Aboriginal people is based on pragmatic business reasons. It has several thousand kilometers of transmission and distribution lines running over rights of way on about 500 reserves belonging to 150 bands in British Columbia (B.C.). Plans for expansion of the power grid frequently call for additional rights of way on reserves. However, bands are taking the position that old grievances must be resolved before moving on to new business. The impetus for B.C. Hydro to rethink its attitudes and practices toward Aboriginal people is being reinforced by emerging political and social realities. Some 95% of B.C.'s land mass is subject to comprehensive land claims. First Nations people are gaining greater control and jurisdiction over land and resources, re-establishing their own governments, and acquiring the skills needed to become B.C. Hydro workers.