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Urban resilience and climate change in the MENA region
\"This book provides an overview of the geopolitical context and climate change risk profile of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region. Mapping existing scientific literature and key reports on MENA climate change impacts and future projections, Charles Egbu and Nuha Eltinay establish links between the COP26 regional climate adaptation financing targets, national government investments and local case-studies. They also address gaps in Disaster Risk Reduction institutional governance in the region. The authors move beyond the existing theoretical understanding of urban resilience to investigate how it is being measured and assessed in MENA in alignment with the IPCC's climate change adaptation indicators. Finally, they explore how the vulnerabilities of the communities most in need are being measured and integrated into cities' resilience action plans and national disaster risk policies. Providing guidance and policy recommendations based on empirical research and key stakeholder engagement observations, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars and professionals who are researching and working in the areas of climate change, urban planning and environmental policy and governance\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
How do natural hazards cascade to cause disasters?
Track connections between hurricanes, wildfires, climate change and other risks, urge Amir AghaKouchak and colleagues.
Track connections between hurricanes, wildfires, climate change and other risks, urge Amir AghaKouchak and colleagues.
Journal Article
AI to the rescue: how to enhance disaster early warnings with tech tools
Artificial intelligence can help to reduce the impacts of natural hazards, but robust international standards are needed to ensure best practice.
Artificial intelligence can help to reduce the impacts of natural hazards, but robust international standards are needed to ensure best practice.
Journal Article
What makes health systems resilient against infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards? Results from a scoping review
Background
The 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak was a wake-up call regarding the critical importance of resilient health systems. Fragile health systems can become overwhelmed during public health crises, further exacerbating the human, economic, and political toll. Important work has been done to describe the general attributes of a health system resilient to these crises, and the next step will be to identify the specific capacities that health systems need to develop and maintain to achieve resiliency.
Methods
We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify recurring themes and capacities needed for health system resiliency to infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards and any existing implementation frameworks that highlight these capacities. We also sought to identify the overlap of the identified themes and capacities with those highlighted in the World Health Organization’s Joint External Evaluation. Sources of evidence included PubMed, Web of Science, OAIster, and the websites of relevant major public health organizations.
Results
We identified 16 themes of health system resilience, including: the need to develop plans for altered standards of care during emergencies, the need to develop plans for post-event recovery, and a commitment to quality improvement. Most of the literature described the general attributes of a resilient health system; no implementation frameworks were identified that could translate these elements into specific capacities that health system actors can employ to improve resilience to outbreaks and natural hazards in a variety of settings.
Conclusions
An implementation-oriented health system resilience framework could help translate the important components of a health system identified in this review into specific capacities that actors in the health system could work to develop to improve resilience to public health crises. However, there remains a need to further refine the concept of resilience so that health systems can simultaneously achieve sustainable transformations in healthcare practice and health service delivery as well as improve their preparedness for emergencies.
Journal Article
Why extreme rains are gaining strength as the climate warms
From Atlantic hurricanes to the Indian monsoons, storms are getting worse and becoming more erratic.
From Atlantic hurricanes to the Indian monsoons, storms are getting worse and becoming more erratic.
Journal Article
Volcanic threats to global society
Resilience plans for globally impacting cataclysmic eruptions are needed When Mount Tambora in the Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia, erupted in 1815, more than 100 km 3 of volcanic pyroclasts and ash were discharged into the stratosphere up to altitudes of over 40 km ( 1 ). The volcanic gases and ash dispersed over the Northern Hemisphere, causing what was called “the year without a summer” in Europe, with severe starvation, famine, mass migrations, and an estimated several tens of thousands of casualties. By comparison, the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland discharged only about 0.3 km 3 —300 times less than Tambora—yet caused a week of air traffic shutdown and more than 100,000 flight cancellations over Northern and Central Europe, with an estimated economic loss of 3.3 billion euros ( 2 ). If an eruption of the scale of the Tambora eruption occurred today, its impacts would vastly exceed those of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption. Yet, global societies are essentially unprepared for such an event.
Journal Article
