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71,885 result(s) for "Neurobiology"
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Neurobiology for dummies
Studying neurobiology and want an easy-to-use guide to the subject? This is the resource for you! Covers the basics - like themolecular mechanisms and anatomy of the nervous system- and then moves on to more complex subjects like neurodevelopmental biology.
Event-Based Neuromorphic Systems
\"Neuromorphic electronic engineering takes its inspiration from the functioning of nervous systems to build more power efficient electronic sensors and processors. Event-based neuromorphic systems are inspired by the brain's efficient data-driven communication design, which is key to its quick responses and remarkable capabilities. This cross-disciplinary text establishes how circuit building blocks are combined in architectures to construct complete systems. These include vision and auditory sensors as well as neuronal processing and learning circuits that implement models of nervous systems.Techniques for building multi-chip scalable systems are considered throughout the book, including methods for dealing with transistor mismatch, extensive discussions of communication and interfacing, and making systems that operate in the real world. The book also provides historical context that helps relate the architectures and circuits to each other and that guides readers to the extensive literature. Chapters are written by founding experts and have been extensively edited for overall coherence.This pioneering text is an indispensable resource for practicing neuromorphic electronic engineers, advanced electrical engineering and computer science students and researchers interested in neuromorphic systems.Key features: Summarises the latest design approaches, applications, and future challenges in the field of neuromorphic engineering. Presents examples of practical applications of neuromorphic design principles. Covers address-event communication, retinas, cochleas, locomotion, learning theory, neurons, synapses, floating gate circuits, hardware and software infrastructure, algorithms, and future challenges\"--
Braintrust : what neuroscience tells us about morality
What is morality? Where does it come from? And why do most of us heed its call most of the time? In Braintrust, neurophilosophy pioneer Patricia Churchland argues that morality originates in the biology of the brain. She describes the \"neurobiological platform of bonding\" that, modified by evolutionary pressures and cultural values, has led to human styles of moral behavior. The result is a provocative genealogy of morals that asks us to reevaluate the priority given to religion, absolute rules, and pure reason in accounting for the basis of morality.
Unique : the new science of human individuality
As a scientist, the author had devoted his career to understanding the brain processes and behaviors that are common to us all. That is, until a few years ago, when he found himself on OKCupid. Looking through that vast catalog of human difference, he got to thinking, where does it all come from? Why does one person have perfect pitch, a taste for hoppy beer, and an aversion to bathroom selfies? That is, what makes you, you, and me, me? In this book, the author tells a riveting and accessible story of human individuality. Exploring topics that touch all of our lives - among them sexuality, gender identity, food preferences, biological rhythms, mood, personality, memory, and intelligence - the author shows that human individuality is not simply a matter of nature versus nurture. Rather, it is a product of the complex, and often counterintuitive, interplay between our genetic blueprints and our experiences. Experience isn't just how your parents reared you, but the diseases you have had, the foods you have eaten, the bacteria that reside in your body, the weather during your early development, and the technology you've been exposed to. Drawing all those factors together, the author argues that human individuality is key to how we live as individuals and groups and explores how questions of individuality are informing social discussions of morality, public policy, religion, healthcare, education, and law. Like Carl Zimmer's She Has Her Mother's Laugh and Robert Sapolsky's Behave, this book unveils a vista on the intricacies of human existence. But, for all its brilliance and insight, this is not a weighty academic tome - here, the story of uniqueness is told with an unusual combination of authority and openness, seriousness of purpose, and a great sense of humor. -- Adapted from publisher's description.
Systems biology and gene networks in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders
Key Points When applying high-throughput molecular methods to the study of neurodevelopmental disorders, major challenges include the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the brain, a lack of appropriate tissue available for studies and poorly defined phenotypes. Transcriptomics assays are currently the most widely used functional genomic assays in neurobiology owing to their ability to efficiently capture tissue-specific spatial and temporal heterogeneity in a high-throughput manner. Principles from transcriptomic studies will aid in evaluating additional molecular and cellular levels of regulation. We review the principles of network analysis and describe how gene networks provide a framework to organize, integrate and analyse large-scale genomic data sets in neurobiology. We review representative differential expression and gene network studies in neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases and identify some next steps in data generation and integration that are necessary for progress in the field. We provide guidelines for designing, analysing and evaluating high-throughput transcriptomic studies in the brain in order to improve study quality and reproducibility. The study of the genetic basis of neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases has progressed through recent large-scale association studies as well as the application of a range of high-throughput molecular methods. In this Review, the authors examine systems biology approaches and demonstrate how gene networks provide an organizing framework to integrate the analysis of large-scale genetic and molecular profiling data sets to characterize the genetic basis of phenotypes that affect the central nervous system. Genetic and genomic approaches have implicated hundreds of genetic loci in neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegeneration, but mechanistic understanding continues to lag behind the pace of gene discovery. Understanding the role of specific genetic variants in the brain involves dissecting a functional hierarchy that encompasses molecular pathways, diverse cell types, neural circuits and, ultimately, cognition and behaviour. With a focus on transcriptomics, this Review discusses how high-throughput molecular, integrative and network approaches inform disease biology by placing human genetics in a molecular systems and neurobiological context. We provide a framework for interpreting network biology studies and leveraging big genomics data sets in neurobiology.