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Reforming a school system, reviving a city : the promise of say yes to education in Syracuse
\"Can a bold investment in education turn around the economy of an entire city? Gene I. Maeroff, a former education reporter for the New York Times, explores how the nonprofit group Say Yes to Education has instituted a network of reforms in Syracuse, New York, that supports students at every level from kindergarten through college. He traces out how Say Yes and the Syracuse school district built a coalition of partners in business, education, and local and state government, implemented a series of programs to improve the school system, and reached out to support students. Telling the story and identifying the strengths of this remarkable and replicable program, Maeroff shows how this focused, directed, and broad-based coalition has created a model for reviving the economy and civic fabric of American cities by investing in children's education\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Objectifying African Development
The African Union (AU) hinges development on continent-wide developmental programmes like the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). To objectify NEPAD, its agency labelled African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) was founded. Consequently, one core instrument of NEPAD to fast-track the process of socio-economic renewal of African nations is the APRM. Whereas the APRM has four thematic areas, this study focused on its Socio-Economic Development (SED) theme. The study’s all-encompassing objective was to illuminate the outcomes of South Africa’s SED theme execution between 2003 and 2018. It espoused the new governance theory as its theoretical foundation and adopted critical discourse analysis (CDA) for data analysis. Based on secondary analysis of qualitative data (SAQD), it found that the adopted governance approaches did not enable optimum improved socio-economic indicators like eradication of poverty, youth unemployment, and poor healthcare services among others. Its analysis seems to suggest that ineffectual governance for actualising the SED theme by South African regimes during the understudied timeframe was the case. By implication, non-application of new governance mentalities to demonstratively implement and actualise the SED precepts maximally is a major cause why the socio-economic transformation of South Africa remains abysmal. Its analysis directed attention towards institutional and structural remedies of governance and government mechanisms that can reverse the negative outcomes to have superlative SED outputs in South Africa, and also lessons for other African countries. It concluded by suggesting the conscious application of New Public Management (NPM) techniques in South Africa’s governance paradigm.
Journal Article
Public sector audit: new public management influences and eco-system driven reforms
Purpose New public management (NPM) has transformed the public sector auditing context, although in quite different ways. Further, investigations into NPM’s impact on public sector auditors and audit institutions have been largely unconnected, with the exception of the critical examination of performance audits. We investigate the question of how public sector auditors’ roles and activities have changed as a result of NPM and later reforms. Design/methodology/approach We examine and synthesise public sector audit research examining reforms since the year 2000. The research presented considers changes to external and internal public sector audits as well as the development of public sector audit institutions – known as supreme audit institutions (SAIs). Findings Considerable changes have occurred. Many were influenced by NPM, but others have evolved from the eco-system of accounting, auditing and public sector management. External auditors have responded to an increase in demand for accountability. Additional management and governance techniques have been introduced from the private sector, such as internal auditing and audit committees. NPM has also led to conflicting trends, particularly when governments introduced competition to public sector auditing by contracting out but then chose to centralise to improve accountability. There is also greater international influence now through bodies like the International Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) and similar regional bodies. Originality/value NPM reforms and the eco-system have impacted public sector auditing. Sustainability reporting is emerging as an area requiring more auditing attention; auditors also need to continue to develop better ways to communicate with citizens. Further, research into auditing in non-Western nations and emerging technologies is also required, especially where it provides learnings around more valuable audit practices. Empirical evidence is required of the strengths and weaknesses of SAIs’ structural variety.
Journal Article
Nomination vs. election: do they influence women’s access to institutional decision-making bodies?
Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs) are excellent case-studies of women representation in academia, considering their significant presence and rapid growth in HEIs. Nevertheless, and despite efforts to minimise gender gaps, women are still underrepresented in top management and leading positions, contributing to increment the phenomenon of vertical segregation. Based on the reality of the Portuguese academia, and focusing on an in-depth case study of a Portuguese university, this paper analyses if and how the way decision-making bodies are constituted, influence the gender balance of their members. Recently, within the New Public Management (NPM) context, HEIs have been subjected to external pressures to create a new organisational environment aiming at substituting the collegial model of governance with a managerial one. In this context, there has been a trend to replace the election by the nomination as the dominant process to occupy decision-making positions. The opening hypothesis of this study is that the way decision-making bodies are constituted, impacts on their gender balance. More specifically, it is argued that the nomination process tends to be more advantageous to women than the election. However, although it is possible to conclude that the gender balance decreases with the increasing importance of the decision-making body, it is not accurate to say that there is a direct relationship between the way actors are chosen to these bodies and their gender balance. In other words, the way actors are chosen can not be seen as the only factor influencing the gender constitution of decision-making bodies. The study provides a relevant contribution to the literature on mechanisms and strategies to improve gender equality in institutional decision-making processes and bodies.
Journal Article
The Impact of New Public Management on the Financial Performance of Category B Municipalities in South Africa
The study seeks to evaluate the impact of the New Public Management Model (NPM) on the financial performance of category B municipalities in South Africa. NPM, adopted by African nations in the 1990s, aimed to modernise the public sector through enhanced efficiency and effectiveness. In South Africa, the implementation of NPM was emphasised across all government spheres, particularly at the local level. However, several municipalities continue to struggle with effective governance, financial mismanagement, insufficient budgeting, infrastructure deficits, and poor risk management, which impedes their performance. This research uses descriptive methods. It employs a qualitative research approach, including semi-structured interviews with selected public managers and public document analysis, alongside assessments of municipalities audited financial results. Findings indicate a critical need for institutional transformation to improve financial management and governance. The study recommends that category B municipalities adopt existing norms, standards, statutes, and policies to strengthen financial management and control.
Journal Article
Housing Policy for Low-Income Communities in Indonesia and Its Reforms: An Overview
This article aims at discussing the New Public Management (NPM) approach that has been implemented in housing policies for low-income communities (MBR) in Indonesia and specifically describes how the NPM approach has diametrical relevance to the post-NPM approach. This research method uses a review approach. The data collection technique is through searching various sources and literature, both from NPM theories, regulations and historical documents on housing policy in Indonesia. Data analysis used in this study uses several stages, i.e., first a brief description of the history of Indonesia’s housing policy during the Old Order, New Order s provided; the second stage focuses on the new order or reform era and explains how the housing approach for MBR in Indonesia has adopted the NPM policy, and the final section presents the direction of the housing policy reform in Indonesia based on the post-NPM paradigm. The result of the study indicates that the NPM approach in the context of housing policy for low-income communities (MBR) in Indonesia has not been fully able to overcome housing problems for low-income communities (MBR) and in principle the NPM approach requires socio-cultural, economic and political adaptation of Indonesia. The main point of this article is to encourage the realisation of an ideal housing policy for low-income communities (MBR) in the future through the application of a post-NPM approach as a correction and evaluation instrument while at the same time encouraging the housing policy reform for low-income communities (MBR) in Indonesia.
Journal Article
Client Abuse to Public Welfare Workers
We analyse a case study of workers’ experience of client abuse in a Danish public welfare organisation. We make an original contribution by putting forward two different theoretical expectations of the case. One expectation is that the case follows a pattern of customer abuse processes in a social market economy – in which workers are accorded power and resources, in which workers tend to frame the abuse as the outcome of a co-citizen caught in system failure and in which workers demonstrate some resilience to abuse. Another expectation is that New Public Management reforms push the case to follow patterns of customer abuse associated with a liberal market economy – in which the customer is treated as sovereign against the relatively powerless worker, and in which workers bear heavy emotional costs of abuse. Our findings show a greater match to the social processes of abuse within a social market economy.
Journal Article
The New Public Management: How to Transform a Theme into a Legacy
If its academic admirers can avoid the trap of becoming a cult of programmed believers, the New Public Management (NPM) can have three constructive legacies for the field of public administration: (1) a stronger emphasis on performance-motivated administration and inclusion in the administrative canon of performance-oriented institutional arrangements, structural forms, and managerial doctrines fitted to particular contexts, in other words, advances in the state of the public management art; (2) an international dialogue on and a stronger comparative dimension to the study of state design and administrative reform; and (3) the integrated use of economic, sociological, social-psychological, and other advanced conceptual models and heuristics in the study of public institutions and management, with the potential to strengthen the field's scholarship and the possibilities for theory-grounded practice. While discussing each of these legacies, this article concentrates on the third and most controversial. The kinds of conceptual thinking that can strengthen the intellectual foundations of the field are illustrated by comparing the logic of management within the framework of competitive markets, a logic which has inspired many of New Public Management's reforms, with the logic of management within the framework of constitutional governance. While substantively different, these two styles of inquiry are surprisingly similar in their interdisciplinary use of theory to create subtle and sophisticated models of structure and strategy, with important implications for the study of bureaucracy and public management.
Journal Article
Searching for Impacts in Performance-Oriented Management Reform
A central proposition of New Public Management (NPM) theory was tested by analyzing 519 studies on the impact of NPM reforms across Europe to establish whether performance-oriented reforms lead to changes in outputs or outcomes. Significant conceptual and methodological problems were immediately apparent. Few of the studies focused on outputs, and even fewer addressed outcomes. Moreover, the identified impacts were distinctly mixed, with many studies indicating that specified outputs or outcomes were unchanged or down. Significantly, the database examined contextual influences that facilitated (or hindered) NPM reforms. Despite enormous research attention, our understanding of the impact of NPM remains both fragmentary and fragile.
Journal Article
Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management
A new public administration movement is emerging to move beyond traditional public administration and New Public Management. The new movement is a response to the challenges of a networked, multisector, no‐one‐wholly‐in‐charge world and to the shortcomings of previous public administration approaches. In the new approach, values beyond efficiency and effectiveness—and especially democratic values—are prominent. Government has a special role to play as a guarantor of public values, but citizens as well as businesses and nonprofit organizations are also important as active public problem solvers. The article highlights value‐related issues in the new approach and presents an agenda for research and action to be pursued if the new approach is to fulfill its promise. Bryson, Crosby, and Bloomberg Podcast Episode
Journal Article