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\"After 1945 African nationalists were drawn into a battle for African hearts and minds. Rather than choose between East or West, Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana promoted a vision of anticolonial modernity and competed with imperial, communist, and capitalist modernization schemes to prove the superiority of his plan for postcolonial order\"-- Provided by publisher.

Ghana has always held a position of primacy in the African political and historical imagination, due in no small part to the indelible impression left president Kwame Nkrumah. This study examines the symbolic strategies he used to construct the Ghanaian state through currency, stamps, museums, flags, and other public icons.

In The Ideological Scramble for Africa, Frank Gerits examines how African leaders in the 1950s and 1960s crafted an anticolonial modernization project. Rather than choose Cold War sides between East and West, anticolonial nationalists worked to reverse the psychological and cultural destruction of colonialism. Kwame Nkrumah's African Union was envisioned as a federation of liberation to challenge the extant imperial forces: the US empire of liberty, the Soviet empire of equality, and the European empires of exploitation. In the 1950s, the goal of proving the potency of a pan-African ideology shaped the agenda of the Bandung Conference and Ghana's support for African liberation, while also determining what was at stake in the Congo crisis and in the fight against white minority rule in southern and eastern Africa. In the 1960s, the attempt to remake African psychology was abandoned, and socioeconomic development came into focus. Anticolonial nationalists did not simply resist or utilize imperial and Cold War pressures but drew strength from the example of the Haitian Revolution of 1791, in which Toussaint Louverture demanded the universal application of Europe's Enlightenment values. The liberationists of the postwar period wanted to redesign society in the image of the revolution that had created them. The Ideological Scramble for Africa demonstrates that the Cold War struggle between capitalism and Communism was only one of two ideological struggles that picked up speed after 1945; the battle between liberation and imperialism proved to be more enduring.

Using quantitative approach, this paper investigates whether parental involvement play any role in improving students' academic performance at the tertiary levels in the Ghanaian context utilizing primary data and a standard statistical method known as ordinary least squares regression. A total sample of 613 students from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) was used for the analysis. With regard to the variable measurement, academic performance is measured using the students' cumulative weighted average. Again, this paper uses three measures for parental involvement - parents visiting their wards on university campus, calling them to check up on them regularly and encouraging them to perform better in academics. The results reveal that there is a significant positive relationship between the measures of parental involvement and students' academic performance. Specifically, parents visiting their wards regularly, encouraging them and calling to check up improve academic performance by 0.005, 0.061 and 0.046 respectively. A significant negative relationship between age and academic performance is also revealed. There is also a significant positive relationship between belonging to a group and academic performance. The implication of the findings is that parents should as a matter of importance pay attention to their role by visiting, calling and encouraging their wards while they are on university campus. Doing these has the potential to improve the academic performance of their wards as revealed in this paper.

Despite the World Declaration on Higher Education for the 21st Century that education is the ultimate support of human rights, and that access and participation remain key catalysts to accelerating equal educational opportunities for all, females continue to trail their male counterparts in educational outcomes across sub-Saharan Africa. This study focuses on the Ghanaian context and assesses the gender dimensions of student enrollment in higher education, highlighting the disparities therein. We adopt a typical case study design, and a mixed method approach, involving quantitative analysis of student enrollment data, qualitative interviews, and focus group discussions with administrators and students at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. We find generally low female participation across all colleges of the university, except for the College of Health Sciences. We also find low female participation across three dimensions: qualified applicants, admissions, and enrollment. The causes of disparity in the dimensions of student enrollment are rooted in four main factors: institutional, socio-cultural, economic, and awareness of STEM policy and opportunities. The present findings have implications for the implementation of STEM and other gender policies at both the pre-tertiary and tertiary levels of education across sub-Saharan Africa. Plain Language Summary How Far Is Progress? Gender Dimensions of Student Enrollment in Higher Education in Ghana: The Case of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology This paper examines the gender dimensions of higher education in Ghana between 2010-2020. It seeks to understand the extent of gender disparity in three key dimensions of student participation in higher education: qualified applicants, admissions, and actual enrolment. The paper also examines the causes of gender disparities across these three dimensions, and the impact of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) policies intended to improve female participation in these areas of science. We use a typical case study research design, and a mixed-method approach involving quantitative analysis, interviews, and focus group discussions. We chose the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Kumasi as our typical case, to help examine in-depth, the trends and causal mechanisms underlying gender participation along the three dimensions. Our findings show that gender disparities continue to exist, with particularly wide disparities in some academic disciplines. Notwithstanding, the university seems to have made significant strides in bridging the gender gap in enrolment in the last five years of the study period. The full potential of STEM policies, however, remains underexplored, importantly because the targets of the policy, females, are largely unaware of the opportunities available to them to pursue higher education. We also report the socioeconomic and socio-cultural bottlenecks girls continue to face in their quest to attain higher education, and the key role female role models can play in improving gender parity in higher education. Given the limitations of single case studies, we recommend large-n or comparative designs in future research on the subject

The focus of this article is to re-evaluate Nkrumah's legacy in terms of the controversies surrounding him as a political figure and his vision for achieving a continental union government for Africa via Pan-Africanism as a solution to Africa's many economic, social and political problems. Second, this work reviews Ali Mazrui's positive and negative Nkrumahism construct, and examines Nkrumah's single party state from 1964 onwards and thus his authoritarian system of government which led to an increasing concentration of power and an undemocratic government.

From its beginning in the 1960s to the present, Black Studies has developed as an academic discipline attempting to dismantle the cultural hegemony of the existing order and to motivate Black political resistance. Throughout this period, Black Studies advocates have consistently looked to African culture as a source of pride, enlightenment, and inspiration. However, they have overlooked the value of Christianity as a anti-colonial ideology created and employed by Africans in their struggle against European imperialism. I address this omission by examining Kwame Nkrumah's and the Convention People's Party's use of the Judeo/Christian faith as an anti-colonial philosophy between 1948 and 1966. I present this study as a single example of how Africans have used Christianity effectively as a libratory ideology against European colonialism during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Accessing, collecting, and accurately assessing student data is the life blood for increasing student achievement in the 21st Century. Despite controversies over privacy and security (Brown, 2020; Gorman, 2015), data usage is here to stay. Many policymakers argued that data use increases efficiency of operations and reduces overall costs (Anderson, 2013; Baepler & Murdoch, 2010). Though sometimes viewed as an enemy, decision-makers have a powerful ally on their side-data. Increasingly, administrators are using data to make smarter decisions, and they are getting desired results. Studies conducted in the United Sates have shown how data have been used to improve graduation rates (Heppen & Therriault, 2008; Jerald, 2006; Legters, & Balfanz, 2010; Pinkus, 2008; Soland, 2013). Might data also play an important role in the educational system of developed countries? Educational systems in Ghana underwent a series of reforms after gaining independence in 1957 (Foster, 1965a). This presentation traced the history on where Ghana stands on data usage for decision making between 1957 and the present. We investigated key moments when Ghana made education policy decisions, and then traced what factors and strategies led to those decisions. What was the process for policy development and change? We looked not only at decision-making, but also the types of education decisions school leaders have made in Ghana. Were these decisions assisted by any data strategy? If not, could they have been? Our review ended with recommendations for transforming Ghana's education system with data.