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"Nonviolence"
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Struggles for an Alternative Globalization
Through an anthropological study of a highly influential movement of French 'alterglobalization' activists, this book offers an ethnographic window onto the global movement against corporate capitalism and the neoliberal policies of the WTO. Based on extensive fieldwork on the Larzac plateau in rural southern France, it explores the politics of protest in which activists engage. It examines their resistance to various forms of power, their organization of struggle, their attempts to live out their ideals in daily life, and their challenges to conventional understandings of politics, democracy, economics, morality and globalization. By subjecting power and resistance to ethnographic study rather than adopting them as abstract categories of analysis, this volume makes an important contribution to theoretical debates on globalization, domination and resistance. It will be of interest not only to anthropologists and scholars of social movements, but also to sociologists and political scientists, as well as to activists themselves.
eBook
Nonviolent resistance : a philosophical introduction
\"We see nonviolent resistance all over today's world, from Egypt's Tahrir Square to New York Occupy. Although we think of the last century as one marked by wars and violent conflict, in fact it was just as much a century of nonviolence as the achievements of Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr. and peaceful protests like the one that removed Ferdinand Marcos from the Philippines clearly demonstrate. But what is nonviolence? What makes a campaign a nonviolent one, and how does it work? What values does it incorporate? In this unique study, Todd May, a philosopher who has himself participated in campaigns of nonviolent resistance, offers the first extended philosophical reflection on the particular and compelling political phenomenon of nonviolence. Drawing on both historical and contemporary examples, he examines the concept and objectives of nonviolence, and considers the different dynamics of nonviolence, from moral jiu-jitsu to nonviolent coercion. May goes on to explore the values that infuse nonviolent activity, especially the respect for dignity and the presupposition of equality, before taking a close-up look at the role of nonviolence in today's world. Students of politics, peace studies, and philosophy, political activists, and those interested in the shape of current politics will find this book an invaluable source for understanding one of the most prevalent, but least reflected upon, political approaches of our world\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Kingdom to Commune
American religious pacifism is usually explained in terms of its practitioners' ethical and philosophical commitments. Patricia Appelbaum argues that Protestant pacifism, which constituted the religious center of the large-scale peace movement in the United States after World War I, is best understood as a culture that developed dynamically in the broader context of American religious, historical, and social currents.Exploring piety, practice, and material religion, Appelbaum describes a surprisingly complex culture of Protestant pacifism expressed through social networks, iconography, vernacular theology, individual spiritual practice, storytelling, identity rituals, and cooperative living. Between World War I and the Vietnam War, she contends, a paradigm shift took place in the Protestant pacifist movement. Pacifism moved from a mainstream position to a sectarian and marginal one, from an embrace of modernity to skepticism about it, and from a Christian center to a purely pacifist one, with an informal, flexible theology.The book begins and ends with biographical profiles of two very different pacifists, Harold Gray and Marjorie Swann. Their stories distill the changing religious culture of American pacifism revealed inKingdom to Commune.
eBook
TESTING A PORTION OF THE OKLAHOMA AGING INMATE FORGIVENESS MODEL
Abstract
The study assessed the viability of the published Oklahoma Aging Forgiveness Model on women in custody using cross-sectional data collected from females, violent and non-violent, in custody in Oklahoma. The theoretical model led to a hierarchical regression of a measure of positive mental health (Positive Evaluation of Life) on a block of control variables (age, education, and crime type), a block consisting of items from the Duke Religiosity measure, and a final block utilizing forgiveness of self, others, and situation (Heartland Forgiveness Scale). Results from the complete sample, N=447, explained 36% of the variance in the outcome. Significant individual predictors included in the final model were crime type, religiosity, and forgiveness of self and situations. We split the sample on crime type and found that for the violent offenders (N=228), 39% of the variance in the outcome was explained; in addition to religiosity, all three assessments of forgiveness were significant predictors. For the non-violent offenders (N=209), 35% of the outcome's variability was explained. Religiosity, forgiveness of self and situation were significant predictors for this sub-sample. Discussion will focus on the Oklahoma Aging Forgiveness Model and how it works similarly for men in custody (published) and for women in custody. Further, the discussion will focus on the significant role played both by religiosity and forgiveness for those in custody. Findings from this study and that of studies with men clearly demonstrate that religiosity and forgiveness are important aspects of a prisoner's life.
Journal Article
Pragmatic Nonviolence
Drawing on the philosophy of nonviolence, the American pragmatist tradition, and recent empirical research, Pragmatic Nonviolence demonstrates that, rather than being merely theoretical, nonviolence is a truly practical approach toward personal and community well-being.
eBook
The results of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in patients under forensic observation of their mental states in violent and non-violent subgroups
IntroductionPrevious studies showed, that reduced executive function can be associated with antisocial and aggressive behavior. For the measurement of executive functions numerous standardized neuropsychological tests are available.ObjectivesWe thought to compare the results of an executive function examination with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) of patients observed at the Semmelweis University’s Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy to normative data from published database. We also performed a subgroup analysis between the violent and non-violent groups of the patients.MethodsAfter data clearance our dataset consisted of 20 patients, who were divided into two groups based on whether the crime they committed before their admission was violent according to the Cornell scale.The analyzed parameters were the number of perseverative errors, the percentage of perseverative errors, and the number of completed categories. For comparison, the data bank from the 1993 edition of the WCST manual as normative data was used. The deviation from the healthy average for all three parameters was compared between the violent and non-violent groups using a two-sample T-test.ResultsThere was significant difference between the patient and normal populations in all the 3 analyzed WCST parameters: the mean difference was 9,37+2,764, (p=0,0008) in the number of perseverative errors, 14,04+2,21 (p<0,0001) in the percentage of perseverative errors and -2,39+0,34 (p<0,0001) in the number of completed categories (Table 1).Table 1:The difference between the average scores of healthy individuals grouped by age (from the 1993 WCST manual) and the scores of the patients.Observed parameterAverage difference(Patient-normal)SDConfidence interval (95%)P valuenumber of completed categories-2,390,343-3,064 ─ 1,716<0,0001number of perseverative errors9,372,7643,936 ─ 14,8040,0008percentage of perseverative errors14,042,2129,692─18,388<0,0001On the other hand, there were no significant differences between the violent and non-violent subgroups in the average deviations (from the normative data) of the number of perseverative errors, the percentage of perseverative errors and the number of completed categories (with p-values of 0.092, 0.34 and 0.59, respectively).ConclusionsAs a limitation, it is important to note that due to the low sample size, and our sample’s heterogeneity in terms of psychiatric diagnosis, drawing reliable conclusions is not possible. However, our results were in line with previous similar research in the forensic psychiatric population (though not under forensic mental state observation) regarding the significant deviations in two examined WCST parameters when compared to normative data. Additionally our study did not find significant difference between the violent and non-violent subgroups of the patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Journal Article