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"Numidia"
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حرب يوغرطة
كتاب حرب يوغرطة هو كتاب تاريخي مهم، تم تألفه ونشره سنة 41 ق. م، ويحتوي على مقدمة فلسفية عميقة، ثم يسرد تاريخ القائد والملك الأمازيغي يوغرطة، الذي يسمى يوغر تنب الأمازيغية، ثم وقائع الحرب التي دارت بنه وببن روما، ويعترف المؤرخ الروماني سالوست في هذا الكتاب بعظمة هذا الملك الأمازيغي الشاب الذي أظهر مقاومة بطولة في مقاتلة الرومان لم يبديها أي قائد في عصره ضد إمبراطورية الرومان.
Book
Analysis of taxonomic distinctness and priority conservation areas as a basis for heritage enhancement of floristic diversity: the case of the ‘hotspot’ of the islands of Numidia (North-eastern Algeria)
The identification of priority conservation areas (PCA) plays an important role in biodiversity conservation, but uncertainties create challenges for conservation planning. The objective was to test a method based on 'taxonomic distinctness' (TD) and to identify PCA to quantify the heritage value of a territory and establish the most appropriate conservation measures. The researchers performed a systematic and phytogeographical analysis of ten islands in northeastern Algeria, a biological hotspot with heterogeneous ecosystem types and subject to socio-economic pressures. The biological diversity represented by 223 species in these environments reflects a high rate of endemicity (13%).
Journal Article
Distribution and Conservation Status of European Pond Turtles Emys orbicularis (L., 1758) in Algeria
The Maghreb population of Emys orbicularis extends over a narrow strip of northern Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Our understanding of the presence of this turtle in Algeria, in contrast to Morocco and Tunisia, is quite limited and frequently rests on a few small-scale studies or even reports from a century ago. The present study provides the first complete data on the distribution and level of threat of this species in Algeria. A field survey was carried out based on the data obtained from scattered local reports and available studies that suggested the presence of the species in Algerian wetlands. Data on climatic and habitat preferences, the geographic elevation of inhabited localities, and their conservation status were collected. A total of 45 wetlands were inhabited by E. orbicularis, of which 40 were part of a well-interconnected eastern metapopulation, joined by an extensive hydrographic network. In some places, the species has persisted for over 130 years in the same wetland complex. However, the five remaining populations living in central North Algeria are fragmented, highly isolated, and therefore more threatened. With a few exceptions, turtles inhabit lowlands below 100 m above sea level. Detected sub-populations inhabit mostly stagnant waters (60%), sometimes dams and lakes (24%), and sporadically also slow-moving water bodies (16%). Altogether, the Algerian distribution of E. orbicularis extends to a total area of 2900 km2, a 40 km wide strip with a length of 490 km west of the Tunisian border. Although restricted to this narrow strip, the persistence of numerous populations in Algeria, especially in Numidia, testifies to their relatively better conservation status. In order to ensure the sustainability of these efforts, follow-up and monitoring activities should be suggested, with special attention paid to highly isolated populations to maintain their long-term viability.
Journal Article
Ethnomedicine exploration of medicinal plants: Fumaria capreolata L. and Calendula suffruticosa Vahl in Numidia (north-eastern Algeria)
Our ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants native to Numidia aimed to investigate traditional therapeutic and cosmetic uses reported by the local population, traditional practitioners, and herbalists of this region. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out using questionnaires on
Vahl (shrub-like marigold) and
L. (climbing fumitory) in 2017-2018 in 5 cities of north-eastern Algeria. We studied the profile of 100 respondents, their knowledge of local plant names, therapeutic uses, the parts used, and the mode of use of each plant. The data collected show 62.0% of local people use these plants for several reasons, while 38% use it only for therapeutic purposes. The aerial part is the most usable for both species, especially the flower for marigold (82.0% of those who use it). According to the surveys conducted, it appears that the local communities in these cities make use of various medical properties of marigold: anti-inflammatory (37.0%), antibacterial (16.2%), against oedema (8.6%), anti-ulcer (6.1%), sedative, cholesterol-lowering (3.4%), antihypertensive, i.e. lowering blood pressure (2.6%). In contrast, the use of fumitory is rare, due to its toxicity in larger doses. In most cases, the method of administration of the remedies varies, e.g. as an infusion (72.1% of those who use fumitory), decoction (10.0%), compresses (10.8%), cream or ointment based on decoction (7.0%). This study shows the great importance of medicinal plants in the local traditional medicine of north-eastern Algeria.
Journal Article
La frontière de l’Afrique romaine à l’époque tardive: Le cas emblématique de Tobna et du limes Tubuniensis (Notitia Dignitatum, Occ., 25.25)
In Southern Numidia, the site of Tobna and its region constitute a remarkable field of research for the study of the Roman frontier in Africa. The remains of linear structures discovered in the vinicity of Tobna, located at the provincial border, have been interpreted in light of the limes Tubuniensis as mentioned by the Notitia Dignitatum (Occ., 25.25). This explanation fits the usual model of the Roman frontier at the end of antiquity, commonly designated as limes, whose nature was also considered to be determined by defensive considerations as deduced from the written testimonies and archaeological remains. This paper studies each of these elements to consider their implications for the organization of the Roman border, and its regional specificities.
Journal Article
Sobre la introducción de la arquitectura palacial en el Mediterráneo Occidental
El palacio es a la vez un tipo de edificio y una alegoría política. La definitiva importación al Mediterráneo Occidental de este tipo arquitectónico y de su lenguaje simbólico se consumó al tiempo que la República romana se transformaba en un Imperio. Pero antes de estos hechos hubo otras experimentaciones con elementos propios de la arquitectura palacial, tanto en ámbito público como privado, en Italia, Sicilia, en el Maghreb occidental y en la península ibérica. En este artículo se propone una definición razonada del término palacio que sirva para su uso analítico, se discute sobre el rol jugado por las grandes poleis mediterráneas, en especial Cartago, en la difusión de estos edificios y se aboga por considerar a las monarquías norteafricanas, aún no suficientemente atendidas por la investigación, como importantes vectores de transmisión de este tipo de arquitectura en el Mediterráneo occidental.
Journal Article
Through the eye of a needle
Jesus taught his followers that it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter heaven. Yet by the fall of Rome, the church was becoming rich beyond measure.Through the Eye of a Needleis a sweeping intellectual and social history of the vexing problem of wealth in Christianity in the waning days of the Roman Empire, written by the world's foremost scholar of late antiquity.
Peter Brown examines the rise of the church through the lens of money and the challenges it posed to an institution that espoused the virtue of poverty and called avarice the root of all evil. Drawing on the writings of major Christian thinkers such as Augustine, Ambrose, and Jerome, Brown examines the controversies and changing attitudes toward money caused by the influx of new wealth into church coffers, and describes the spectacular acts of divestment by rich donors and their growing influence in an empire beset with crisis. He shows how the use of wealth for the care of the poor competed with older forms of philanthropy deeply rooted in the Roman world, and sheds light on the ordinary people who gave away their money in hopes of treasure in heaven.
Through the Eye of a Needlechallenges the widely held notion that Christianity's growing wealth sapped Rome of its ability to resist the barbarian invasions, and offers a fresh perspective on the social history of the church in late antiquity.
eBook
Poder Real Africano. Propaganda y legitimación de Juba I (ca. 60-46 a. C.) a través de sus emisiones helenísticas
Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un estado de la cuestión acerca de las acuñaciones monetarias del rey númida Juba I. Históricamente nos encontramos ante la Segunda Guerra Civil Romana mantenida entre Pompeyo y Julio César (49-45 a. C.), donde Juba I apoya al «bando pompeyano». Las monedas de Juba I son producto de dicho acontecimiento y tienen su explicación en el pago de tropas contratadas. Además, las leyendas monetarias se insertan dentro de la propaganda e inciden en la posterior legitimación del trono númida, en manos de Juba I.
Journal Article
La frontière de l’Afrique romaine à l’époque tardive: Le cas emblématique de Tobna et du limes Tubuniensis (Notitia Dignitatum, Occ., 25.25)
M. Lenoir, dont l'étude porte sur les installations militaires, a établi un lien similaire entre le limes Tubuniensis et le fort d'Aqua Viva, édifié en 303132, et celui de Zebaret et-Tir dont la date de construction et la période de fonctionnement demeurent inconnues133, tous deux situés â l'ouest de la structure linéaire: pour lui, ces camps constitueraient la trace d'une organisation remontant â Dioclétien, préfiguration probable ou antécédent direct du limes Tubuniensis de la Notitia Dignitatum (Not. dign. occ. 25, 7 = 25), dont le poste de commandement est situé â Tobna/Thubunae, â l'est du chott el-Hodna ? 7 Un vocable approchant est employé pour mentionner la cité en 411: son siege épiscopal est ainsi dit Tubiniensis, cf. Imp(erator) Caes(ar) [M(arcus) Iulius/Ph]ilippus inui/ctufs Aug(ustus)]/eţM(arcus) Įul(ius) /P[hilippus Ca]esar/n(oster) regionem limi[tis Ten]/theitani parţiţam et ę[ius] uiam incur/sib(us) barba[ro]/rum constituto nouo centenario [...]/Cassiano leg(ato) Aug(ustorum)/ pr(o)pr(aetore) Gallican[o ...]/u(iro) e(gregio) praep(osito) limitis / cura /Numisii Maximi domo [,..]sia trib/(uni). Est écartée ici l'hypothese de L. Leschi, formulée å partir d'observations sur une situation remontant au XIXe siecle, qu'il puisse s'agir d'une mesure d'arbitrage prise â la suite d'un conflit suppose entre des semi-nomades dont les troupeaux venaient paître sur les terres de propriétaires fonciers opposés â cette pratique. 90 CIL, VIII, 8781 et 18017.
Journal Article
La place de l’Africa dans le bassin méditerranéen au lendemain de la troisième guerre punique : province romaine et traditions africaines
The central position in the Mediterranean basin occupied by eastern North Africa was severely impugned in the aftermath of the third Punic war. Carthage’s downfall and the annexion of her territory by Rome did provoke a stagnation and sometimes even a setback of the province’s economic and social activities. Yet certain regions seem to have profited by the changes. A shift can be observed of the economic, political and cultural centres towards the peripheral regions of the former Punic metropolis (Sahel and Upper Tell). Moreover, if the region loses some of its preponderance in the Mediterranean, it strengthens its African moorings and occupies a central place in North Africa proper.
Journal Article