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A satellite empire : Romanian rule in Southwestern Ukraine, 1941-1944
A Satellite Empire is an in-depth investigation of the political and social history of the area in southwestern Ukraine under Romanian occupation during World War II. Transnistria was the only occupied Soviet territory administered by a power other than Nazi Germany, a reward for Romanian participation in Operation Barbarossa.
Vladimir Solonari's invaluable contribution to World War II history focuses on three main aspects of Romanian rule of Transnistria: with fascinating insights from recently opened archives, Solonari examines the conquest and delimitation of the region, the Romanian administration of the new territory, and how locals responded to the occupation. What did Romania want from the conquest? The first section of the book analyzes Romanian policy aims and its participation in the invasion of the USSR. Solonari then traces how Romanian administrators attempted, in contradictory and inconsistent ways, to make Transnistria \"Romanian\" and \"civilized\" while simultaneously using it as a dumping ground for 150,000 Jews and 20,000 Roma deported from a racially cleansed Romania. The author shows that the imperatives of total war eventually prioritized economic exploitation of the region over any other aims the Romanians may have had. In the final section, he uncovers local responses in terms of collaboration and resistance, in particular exploring relationships with the local Christian population, which initially welcomed the occupiers as liberators from Soviet oppression but eventually became hostile to them. Ever increasing hostility towards the occupying regime buoyed the numbers and efficacy of pro-Soviet resistance groups.
eBook
The secret war in Afghanistan : the Soviet Union, China and the role of Anglo-American intelligence
\"The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, in support of a Marxist-Leninist government, and the subsequent nine-year conflict with the indigenous Afghan Mujahedeen was one of the bloodiest conflicts of the Cold War. Key details of the circumstances surrounding the invasion and its ultimate conclusion only months before the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 have long remained unclear; it is a confidential narrative of clandestine correspondence, covert operations and failed intelligence. The Secret War in Afghanistan undertakes a full analysis of recently declassified intelligence archives in order to asses Anglo-American secret intelligence and diplomacy relating to the invasion of Afghanistan and unveil the Cold War realities behind the rhetoric. Rooted at every turn in close examination of the primary evidence, it outlines the secret operations of the CIA, MI6 and the KGB, and the full extent of the aid and intelligence from the West which armed and trained the Afghan fighters. Drawing from US, UK and Russian archives, Panagiotis Dimitrakis analyses the Chinese arms deals with the CIA, the multiple recorded intelligence failures of KGB intelligence and secret letters from the office of Margaret Thatcher to Jimmy Carter. In so doing, this study brings a new scholarly perspective to some of the most controversial events of Cold War history. Dimitrakis also outlines the full extent of China's involvement in arming the Mujahedeen, which led to the PRC effectively fighting the Soviet Union by proxy. This will be essential reading for scholars and students of the Cold War, American History and the Modern Middle East.\"--Publisher's website.
BOOK
Nazi empire-building and the Holocaust in Ukraine
Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine.
eBook
0148 Using the UK Biobank study to estimate occupational causes of chronic disease: comparability with the UK national population and adjustment for bias
Objectives The UK Biobank study is a sample of 502,682 people aged 40–70, clustered around 22 assessment centres. As part of a project to investigate the causes of COPD and estimate the UK occupational burden, we have assessed the sample’s representativeness with respect to the UK national population, with a view to accounting for potential biases. Method We have compared characteristics of the Biobank population (age, education, employment, smoking etc) to that of the UK population as estimated from national data sources. Results Deprivation index scores indicate that Biobank respondents in more affluent wards are over-represented (52% of Biobank respondents versus 28% nationally have scores of less than -2). The Biobank respondents are also better-educated (33% to degree level, 17% nationally), with similar qualification levels in men and women, whereas more men than women nationally in this age range had higher level qualifications. Fewer were currently employed than nationally (58% vs. 65%), particularly men over 60, with more retired (45% vs. 33%), and fewer disabled or unemployed. There are more in managerial and professional (54% vs. 46%), and fewer in routine and manual occupations (22%, 33% nationally), and fewer smokers (33% vs. 49%). Fewer in the already under-represented unskilled occupations (47% vs. 70% for other occupations), or with reported respiratory ill-health (50% vs. 59%) have a usable email address. Conclusions As Biobank respondents are on average less deprived, better educated and under-represented in unskilled occupations than the national population, estimating national occupational COPD burden, and collecting further data without bias will require data adjustments.
Journal Article