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"Obermeyer"
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Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
2017
National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.
We mapped the most widely used list of causes amenable to personal health care developed by Nolte and McKee to 32 GBD causes. We accounted for variations in cause of death certification and misclassifications through the extensive data standardisation processes and redistribution algorithms developed for GBD. To isolate the effects of personal health-care access and quality, we risk-standardised cause-specific mortality rates for each geography-year by removing the joint effects of local environmental and behavioural risks, and adding back the global levels of risk exposure as estimated for GBD 2015. We employed principal component analysis to create a single, interpretable summary measure–the Healthcare Quality and Access (HAQ) Index–on a scale of 0 to 100. The HAQ Index showed strong convergence validity as compared with other health-system indicators, including health expenditure per capita (r=0·88), an index of 11 universal health coverage interventions (r=0·83), and human resources for health per 1000 (r=0·77). We used free disposal hull analysis with bootstrapping to produce a frontier based on the relationship between the HAQ Index and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a measure of overall development consisting of income per capita, average years of education, and total fertility rates. This frontier allowed us to better quantify the maximum levels of personal health-care access and quality achieved across the development spectrum, and pinpoint geographies where gaps between observed and potential levels have narrowed or widened over time.
Between 1990 and 2015, nearly all countries and territories saw their HAQ Index values improve; nonetheless, the difference between the highest and lowest observed HAQ Index was larger in 2015 than in 1990, ranging from 28·6 to 94·6. Of 195 geographies, 167 had statistically significant increases in HAQ Index levels since 1990, with South Korea, Turkey, Peru, China, and the Maldives recording among the largest gains by 2015. Performance on the HAQ Index and individual causes showed distinct patterns by region and level of development, yet substantial heterogeneities emerged for several causes, including cancers in highest-SDI countries; chronic kidney disease, diabetes, diarrhoeal diseases, and lower respiratory infections among middle-SDI countries; and measles and tetanus among lowest-SDI countries. While the global HAQ Index average rose from 40·7 (95% uncertainty interval, 39·0–42·8) in 1990 to 53·7 (52·2–55·4) in 2015, far less progress occurred in narrowing the gap between observed HAQ Index values and maximum levels achieved; at the global level, the difference between the observed and frontier HAQ Index only decreased from 21·2 in 1990 to 20·1 in 2015. If every country and territory had achieved the highest observed HAQ Index by their corresponding level of SDI, the global average would have been 73·8 in 2015. Several countries, particularly in eastern and western sub-Saharan Africa, reached HAQ Index values similar to or beyond their development levels, whereas others, namely in southern sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and south Asia, lagged behind what geographies of similar development attained between 1990 and 2015.
This novel extension of the GBD Study shows the untapped potential for personal health-care access and quality improvement across the development spectrum. Amid substantive advances in personal health care at the national level, heterogeneous patterns for individual causes in given countries or territories suggest that few places have consistently achieved optimal health-care access and quality across health-system functions and therapeutic areas. This is especially evident in middle-SDI countries, many of which have recently undergone or are currently experiencing epidemiological transitions. The HAQ Index, if paired with other measures of health-system characteristics such as intervention coverage, could provide a robust avenue for tracking progress on universal health coverage and identifying local priorities for strengthening personal health-care quality and access throughout the world.
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Journal Article
Defense Logistics Agency Energy partners with Army Reserve for increased energy sustainability and security
2014
\"This project has all the elements of energy sustainability, including energy reduction, renewables and net zero capacity,\" said DLA Energy Installation Energy Director Pam Griffith. \"The president has a clear mandate for implementation of federal government energy conservation measures and this project with the 99th RSC supports that mandate.\" The project is designed to improve energy sustainability and security at 90 reserve centers located in 11 states in the northeast and will achieve 80 percent of the 99th RSC's requirements of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, which establishes energy management goals for military installations. The 99th RSC will also exceed the requirements of Executive Order 13514 for water savings and the renewable energy target established by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. \"We lived through the devastation of Hurricane Sandy, which brought the project to a grinding halt as much of the area was affected. Then came the government shutdown and furloughs, which each affected the 99th RSC personnel directly,\" Griffith said.
Newsletter
Anchorage proposal angers Gabriola Island residents
by
Yu, Karl
in
Obermeyer, Kevin
2015
We looked at the whole area. For the most part, this coast of ours is not conducive to anchoring ships. It's got a rock bottom or it's very, very steep. So if you anchored the ship, you're going to be so close to the land that it would be unsafe, so we don't have a lot of options. Heather Nicholas , Gabriola trustee and Anchor Rage liaison for Islands Trust, said it is inappropriate to anchor ships a quarter of kilometre long so close to Gabriola's shores. She has numerous concerns, including potential for serious environmental impact.
Newspaper Article
Mountain Town News
by
Best, Allen
in
Obermeyer, Klaus
2014
\"At 20 years old, I didn't care about comfort,\" [Billy Kidd] said, who is 70. \"I still have to have control, but the top priority for me (now) is comfort.\" \"Cooking at high altitudes involves a blending of art and science,\" writes [Karen Massey]. \"Don't assume that all sea-level recipes will fail, but when they do, it's best to make one adjustment at a time.\" \"I've never been in conditions that cold, and I hope I never am,\" said Ted Scambos, the leader of the research team. \"I am told that every breath is painful, and you have to be extremely careful not to freeze part of your throat or lungs when inhaling.\"
Newspaper Article
IN BRIEF
2015
It all started with a social media post. Police started investigating an incident where passengers of a pickup truck threw paper drink cups at Mennonite children on a buggy Saturday at about 7 p.m. A witness photographed the incident on Line 86 near Northfield Drive in Elmira and posted it to Facebook where it went viral among local social media users. By Sunday evening, the post had been shared close to 6,000 times. Staff Sgt. David Obermeyer said police received several calls from \"outraged citizens\" on Sunday. \"It just went viral,\" he said.
Newspaper Article
Planned oil surge highlights tanker risks
by
Nagel, Jeff
in
Obermeyer, Kevin
2012
Many hands and eyes guide the boat on the bridge. The tankers are required to sail with two pilots - highly trained experts on local waters - in addition to the ship's captain and navigation officer. The pilots, who actually command the vessel, don't depend on the ship's instruments - they bring their own laptops for GPS navigation and charting. \"It really is overkill,\" he said. \"But it's overkill for a good reason.\" \"I would say it's extremely safe,\" [Kevin Obermeyer] said. \"Can I say we would never have an accident? No, I can't say that.\"
Newspaper Article
Arizona man, 84, found dead in Lake Havasu
2011
David Obermeyer, 84, of Lake Havasu City, jumped into the lake from a pontoon boat, San Bernardino County coroner's officials said.
Newspaper Article
Residents urged to report aggressive drivers
by
Pearson, Mike
in
Obermeyer, Dale
2011
\"It certainly is a deterrent if you're going to get an officer going to your home,\" said [Dale Obermeyer]. \"It's good for drivers to be aware of other drivers on the road.\" After initially taking over the retrieval duties from Hamilton Police auxiliary officers, Ancaster CPC staff worked long hours to clear a backlog of calls. The hotline's voice mail system has a maximum capacity of 50 calls, so volunteers must check messages frequently to ensure the mail box doesn't fill up.Obermeyer said the most commonly reported cases of aggressive driving include incidents of careless driving such as speeding or following too closely.
Newspaper Article
Independent Review Panel Confirms Design Concept for Casino Project Tailings Management Facility
2016
Certain of the statements and information in this news release constitute \"forward-looking statements\" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and \"forward-looking information\" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws (collectively, \"forward-looking statements\"). Forward-looking statements generally express predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, or assumptions of future events or performance and do not constitute historical fact. Forward-looking statements tend to include words such as \"will\", \"may\", \"could\", \"expects\", \"plans\", \"estimates\", \"intends\", \"anticipates\", \"believes\", \"targets\", \"forecasts\", \"schedules\", \"goals\", \"budgets\", or similar terminology. Forward-looking statements herein include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to the Panel and its potential activities, and the Casino Project being Canada's premier copper-gold mine. Information concerning mineral reserves and mineral resources also may be deemed to be forward-looking statements in that it reflects a prediction of the mineralization that would be encountered if a mineral deposit were developed and mined.
Trade Publication Article
Tisdale House opens its doors for Heritage Days
2012
While it's not clear what artifacts will be housed in the one-room police museum, [Dale Obermeyer] hopes the exhibit will include items that were part of the 2008 exhibit at Fieldcote Museum, called Arrested in Time: 175 Years of Policing in Hamilton. The exhibit included leg irons used in the Louis Riel execution as well as the revolver from the Evelyn Dick murder case. \"We're really excited,\" said Obermeyer. \"It's a great place to work and a place for the public to learn about the history.
Newspaper Article