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Background: As the demand for digital dentistry constantly increases, digital devices are gradually replacing conventional methods of recording occlusal contacts. The study aimed to assess the inter-rater reliability of occlusal contact point detection using 40 μm articulating paper, Medit i700, and OccluSense and to compare the distribution of occlusal contacts using the articulating paper and intraoral scanner. Material and Methods: The study included 25 participants aged 20 to 30 (13 women and 12 men). Photographs of contact points were taken and marked in maximum intercuspal position (MIP), in protrusive and laterotrusive movements, on working and non-working sides using 40 μm articulating paper and digital devices. The Cohen’s Kappa coefficient assessed the inter-rater reliability. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare dependent groups, articulating paper, and Medit i700. Results: The Cohen’s Kappa index showed that almost perfect agreement was achieved with 40 μm articulating paper. Compared to Medit i700, the 40 μm articulating paper showed an increased mean number of contacts per tooth, except for the third molars. Conclusions: The 40 μm articulating paper has detected more overall contacts than the digital devices, particularly in the posterior areas. An ideal method for registering occlusal contacts has not been established yet.

Background Occlusion plays a crucial role in maintaining masticatory function and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Single implant supported restorations are widely used for posterior tooth replacement, but they require careful occlusal adjustment due to the absence of periodontal ligament. Digital occlusal analysis methods, such as digital impressions and Occlusense, provide quantitative assessments of occlusal contacts and force distribution. However, their accuracy and clinical relevance remain uncertain. Methods In this prospective clinical study, occlusal force distribution was evaluated before and after placement of single implant supported restoration using the Medit i700 intraoral scanner and OccluSense system. Measurements were performed before and after prosthesis under standardised conditions. Occlusal contact areas and force distributions were analysed using CloudCompare and ImageJ software. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis test and Kendall's Tau-B correlation analysis. Results A total of 20 patients were included in the study. Post-restoration measurements revealed significant changes in occlusal force distribution in different segments of the dental arch (p < 0.001). Strong correlations were observed between Medit and OccluSense measurements ( p  < 0.001). Conclusion Single-unit implant restorations significantly alter the occlusal force distribution, affecting not only the restored tooth but also the adjacent and opposing teeth. Both Medit i700 and OccluSense provided valuable information, with OccluSense providing a more detailed representation of occlusal force density. These findings suggest that digital occlusal analysis methods can help optimise occlusal adjustments for implant restorations. Trial registration The current study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT06862973) First posted: 07/03/2025. Retrospectively registered.

Background This study aimed to evaluate two different construction techniques (conventional and 3D-printed techniques) for two implant-retained complete mandibular overdentures regarding mechanical wear of the occlusal surface using 3D digital analysis and occlusion force distribution using the digital occlusal analysis system (Occlusense). Methods Twenty patients were selected for this study from the prosthetic department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. Each patient received two implants in the mandibular canine areas with locator attachments to retain the overdentures. According to the overdenture construction technique, all patients were randomly divided into two equal groups: the conventional heat polymerized overdenture group and the 3D-printed overdenture group. The mandibular overdentures were compared and evaluated immediately and after 12 months of insertion regarding mechanical wear of the occlusal surface using 3D digital analysis and occlusal force distribution using a digital occlusal analysis system (Occlusense). Results 3d printed group showed significantly higher occlusal surface wear than conventional group after twelve months (T12) with a p value ≤ 0.05. 3d printed group showed significantly more occlusal force distribution than conventional group with a p value ≤ 0.05. Also, there was a significant difference in occlusal force distribution with advance of time for each group, with a p value ≤ 0.05 level of significance. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, it was shown that implant overdentures constructed by 3D-printing techniques offer a promising results in distribution of occlusal forces for achieving occlusal equilibration. However, in term of wear resistance more developments need to be done to improve material properties. Trial registration The study was approved by the local ethical committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University (No. A02060922) (6/9/2022) and retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT06139003) (16/11/2023).

Background Occlusion plays a crucial role in the long-term success and prognosis of implant-supported overdentures. The method used to fabricate the overdenture base, whether conventional or CAD/CAM milled, could influence occlusal contact balance. However, definitive evidence on this matter remains lacking. Thus, this study aimed to compare two fabrication techniques, CAD/CAM milled and conventional, for four-implant-supported complete mandibular overdenture bases, with a specific focus on their impact on occlusal balance. Methods Edentulous patients participated in this study received four-implant supported mandibular overdentures constructed using two different types of overdenture bases: CAD/CAM milled and conventional bases. A total of 21 patients, representing 42 overdentures, were enrolled in the study. Occlusal adjustments were made for each overdenture after picking up of attachments. The patients were classified randomly and equally into two groups: Group I : patients delivered maxillary complete dentures opposed to four implant-supported mandibular overdentures constructed with CAD/CAM milling followed by conventionally constructed dentures. Group II : patients delivered maxillary complete dentures opposed to four implant-supported mandibular overdentures constructed with conventional method followed by CAD/CAM milled dentures. According to the type of denture bases, dentures were classified into two equal groups: Group A : CAD/CAM constructed overdenture bases. Group B : conventionally constructed overdenture bases. For each overdenture group, occlusal analysis measurements were recorded at overdenture delivery (T 0 ) and after three months of denture wearing (T 3 ). Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) program. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to test significant differences in occlusal force distribution between observation intervals, groups and locations followed by Bonferroni post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Independent samples t-test was used to compare occlusal force between groups. P is significant if < 0.05 at confidence interval 95%. Results Comparing different occlusal contact locations in each group at (T 0 ) showed a significant difference between anterior and posterior locations whereas comparing different occlusal contact locations in each group at (T 3 ) showed a significant difference between molar and premolar locations for group B while insignificant between molar and premolar locations for group A. The comparison between different intervals within group A revealed insignificant differences while significant occlusal changes at premolar and molar regions were presented within group B. Conclusions The four implant-supported CAD/CAM milled overdenture bases offer greater advantages over conventional ones in terms of occlusal contact stability. Clinical Trial Registry Number (NCT06080815))08/10/2023).