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In an attempt to redress social inequities in the workplace, the authors examine various kinds of training programs and recommend specific policy initiatives to improve access to these programs.

The article presents the proposals for the reorientation of vocational training listed in the coalition agreement of the new \"traffic light\" government and discusses them against the background of the upcoming challenges of ecological and digital structural change. However, the proposals are unrelated and do not always indicate whether they are intended to replace, supplement or expand existing programmes and approaches. For this reason, a coherent conception cannot be identified. The article shows how a sustainable concept can be formed from the approaches that are still unconnected. Der Koalitionsvertrag der neuen Ampelregierung listet zwar Vorschlage zur Neuausrichtung der beruflichen Weiterbildung auf, bleibt aber mit seinen Vorschlagen unkonkret. Der vorliegende Beitrag erlautert die im Koalitionsvertrag genannten Weiterbildungskonzepte und zeigt auf, wie sie sinnvoll miteinander verknupft werden konnten, um die berufliche Weiterbildung zu fordern und Engpassen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt in Zukunft entgegenzuwirken.

This paper sheds light on the wage structure of foreign and German employees who are subject to social security contributions in fulltime employment and focuses on the experience structure. Existing evidence suggests that additional labour market experience is rewarded less for migrants than for their German counterparts. We identify and discuss reasons and explanations for migrants' flat experience curves, which is particularly important in the light of the debate on inequality between both groups. These explanations include: the recognition of vocational training degrees, the successful passing of vocational training in Germany, German citizenship by naturalisation, and the labour market experience. After ten to 15 years in the German labour market, we identify convergence in the returns to labour market experience. JEL Classification: J15, J31, J44 Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Entlohnungsstruktur von auslandischen und deutschen sozialversicherungspflichtig Vollzeitbeschaftigten und zielt auf die Lohnzuwachse durch die Aneignung von zusatzlicher Erfahrung auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt. Bisherige Erkenntnisse fur Deutschland deuten darauf hin, dass Arbeitsmarkterfahrung bei Auslandern im Vergleich zu deutschen Beschaftigten zu keinen oder nur geringen Lohnzuwachsen fuhrt. Wir identifizieren und diskutieren Ursachen und Erklarungen fur diese flacheren Erfahrungskurvenprofile, was insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund der Einkommensungleichheit zwischen beiden Gruppen relevant ist.

Labor's End traces the discourse around automation from its origins in the factory to its wide-ranging implications in political and social life. As Jason Resnikoff shows, the term automation expressed the conviction that industrial progress meant the inevitable abolition of manual labor from industry. But the real substance of the term reflected industry's desire to hide an intensification of human work--and labor's loss of power and protection--behind magnificent machinery and a starry-eyed faith in technological revolution. The rhetorical power of the automation ideology revealed and perpetuated a belief that the idea of freedom was incompatible with the activity of work. From there, political actors ruled out the workplace as a site of politics while some of labor's staunchest allies dismissed sped-up tasks, expanded workloads, and incipient deindustrialization in the name of technological progress. A forceful intellectual history, Labor's End challenges entrenched assumptions about automation's transformation of the American workplace.

Increasing the diversity of research participants is an important focus of clinical trials. However, little is known regarding who enrolls as healthy volunteers in Phase I clinical trials, which test the safety and tolerability of investigational new drugs. Despite the risk, healthy volunteers can derive no medical benefit from their participation, and they are financially compensated for enrolling. This study's purpose is to describe sociodemographic characteristics and clinical trial participation histories of healthy people who enroll in US Phase I trials. The HealthyVOICES Project (HVP) is a longitudinal study of healthy individuals who have enrolled in Phase I trials. We describe self-reported sociodemographic information and Phase I trial history from HVP recruitment (May-December 2013) through the project's end three years later (December 2016). Trial experiences are presented as medians and quartiles. The HVP included 178 participants. Nearly three-fourths of participants were male, and two-thirds were classified as racial and ethnic minorities. We found that some groups of participants were more likely to have completed a greater number of clinical trials over a longer timeframe than others. Those groups included participants who were male, Black, Hispanic, 30-39-years-old, unemployed, had received vocational training in a trade, or had annual household incomes of less than $25,000. Additionally, the greater the number of clinical trials participants had completed, the more likely they were to continue screening for new trials over the course of three years. Participants who pursued clinical trials as a full-time job participated in the greatest number of trials and were the most likely to continuing screening over time. Participation as a healthy volunteer in US Phase I trials is driven by social inequalities. Disadvantaged groups tend to participate in a greater number of clinical trials and participate longer than more privileged groups.

Increasing the diversity of research participants is an important focus of clinical trials. However, little is known regarding who enrolls as healthy volunteers in Phase I clinical trials, which test the safety and tolerability of investigational new drugs. Despite the risk, healthy volunteers can derive no medical benefit from their participation, and they are financially compensated for enrolling. This study's purpose is to describe sociodemographic characteristics and clinical trial participation histories of healthy people who enroll in US Phase I trials. The HealthyVOICES Project (HVP) is a longitudinal study of healthy individuals who have enrolled in Phase I trials. We describe self-reported sociodemographic information and Phase I trial history from HVP recruitment (May-December 2013) through the project's end three years later (December 2016). Trial experiences are presented as medians and quartiles. The HVP included 178 participants. Nearly three-fourths of participants were male, and two-thirds were classified as racial and ethnic minorities. We found that some groups of participants were more likely to have completed a greater number of clinical trials over a longer timeframe than others. Those groups included participants who were male, Black, Hispanic, 30-39-years-old, unemployed, had received vocational training in a trade, or had annual household incomes of less than $25,000. Additionally, the greater the number of clinical trials participants had completed, the more likely they were to continue screening for new trials over the course of three years. Participants who pursued clinical trials as a full-time job participated in the greatest number of trials and were the most likely to continuing screening over time. Participation as a healthy volunteer in US Phase I trials is driven by social inequalities. Disadvantaged groups tend to participate in a greater number of clinical trials and participate longer than more privileged groups.

Considérant l'absence d'outils permettant de mesurer la réussite éducative en formation professionnelle, cette étude visait à développer et à valider un tel instrument. Le Questionnaire de réussite éducative en formation professionnelle (QRE-FP) comprend 24 énoncés mesurant la réussite éducative selon les trois missions de l'école québécoise : instruire, socialiser et qualifier. Une collecte par questionnaire a été effectuée en personne auprès de 212 élèves francophones dans la région de Montréal, dont 50 ont répondu de nouveau 4 semaines plus tard. Le QRE-FP présente des qualités psychométriques solides. L'analyse factorielle exploratoire révèle trois facteurs (instruire, socialiser, qualifier) possédant une stabilité temporelle et une consistance interne satisfaisantes. L'analyse factorielle confirmatoire démontre une bonne adéquation du modèle tripartite. L'estime de soi et le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle sont corrélés aux scores du QRE-FP. En conclusion, ce questionnaire offre un outil utile en contexte de recherche et d'intervention auprès des élèves en formation professionnelle. Mots-clés : réussite éducative, formation professionnelle, élaboration de questionnaires, parcours scolaire, validité psychométrique. Considering the lack of tools for measuring educational success in vocational training, this study aimed to develop and validate a new measure for that purpose. The Questionnaire on Educational Success in Vocational Training (QRE-FP) is a 24-item scale that measures educational success by taking into account the three missions of Quebec schools: to educate, socialize, and qualify students. Data collection was conducted in person with 212 francophone students in the Montreal area, including 50 who responded again four weeks later. The QRE-FP has strong psychometric properties. Exploratory factor analysis reveals three factors (instruct, - socialize, - qualify) with satisfactory temporal stability and internal consistency. The confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit as a function of the three-part model. Self-esteem and self-efficacy are correlated with QRE-FP scores. In conclusion, this questionnaire isoffers a useful tool in the context of research and intervention with students in vocational training. Keywords: educational success, vocational training, questionnaire development, educational pathways, psychometric validity.

1) To compare the effect of the self-report distress tool (DT) and rapid mental health referral process (MH) on vocational training program attendance. Pragmatic, multi-centre, 2x2 factorial, cluster randomized, superiority study with 4 parallel groups and primary endpoints of vocational program attendance and completion at 12 weeks and post-program employment at 24 months. Cluster randomization of each training cohort will be performed with a 1:1:1:1 allocation ratio using a site stratified, permuted-block group schema. Final sample size is expected to be 400 participants (100 per group). Students enrolled in Community Builder's Trades & Diversity Training Program in either the city of Barrie or Sudbury (in Ontario, Canada) will be eligible for enrollment if they have an active Ontario Health Insurance Plan number and Canadian Social Insurance Number and provide written informed consent prior to Training program commencement.