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Introduces young children to the realities of natural disasters, terrorism, and other forms of tragedy. Explains what tragedy is, the feelings it may create, and how to manage those feelings. Emphasizes the good that can come out of tragedy, looking at how people help one another in caring, compassionate, and heroic ways.

Focused deterrence (FD) is a frequently cited intervention for preventing violence, particularly against violent urban gangs. The Youth Endowment Fund (YEF) believes it could be effective in the UK, based primarily on research conducted in the US. However, we contend that these studies have inadequate methodological designs, lack of rigorous testing, and small sample sizes. Therefore, the evidence supporting focused deterrence as an effective method, particularly outside the US, is inconclusive. The aim of the protocol is to better understand the potential effects of FD in the context of the UK, using a multisite evaluation experimental design to more closely investigate the evidence of its likely impact. We planned a realist randomised controlled trial. The design is focused on a multisite trial consisting of two-arm randomised experiments in five locations. Each trial location will test their implementation of a core programme specified by the funder. The multisite nature will allow us to understand differential impacts between locations, improving the external validity of the results. Participants will be randomly selected from a wider pool of eligible individuals for the intervention. We estimate a sample size of approximately N = 1,700 individuals is required. Based on this pooled sample size, a relative reduction of 26% would be detectable in 80% of trials. The trial is coupled with a formative process evaluation of delivery and fidelity. The formative evaluation will use a mixed methods design. The qualitative aspect will include semi-structured cross-sectional and longitudinal interviews with programme leads, programme delivery team, and programme participants, as well as observations of the meetings between the programme delivery team (i.e., community navigators/mentors) and programme participants. The quantitative data for the formative evaluation will be gathered by the sites themselves and consist of routine outcome performance monitoring using administrative data. Sampling for interviews and observations will vary, with the researchers aiming for a higher number of individuals included in the first round of cross-sectional interviews and retaining as many as possible for repeat interviews and observations. This protocol outlines the process and impact evaluation methodology for the most extensive multisite evaluation of focused deterrence to date in the UK. Spanning five distinct sites with seven trials, the evaluation includes a cohort of 2,000 individuals, marking it as the only multisite trial of focused deterrence. Employing an integrated realist evaluation framework, the study uses qualitative and quantitative research methods. The anticipated findings will offer pivotal insights for formulating future violence prevention policies in the UK. They are also expected to contribute significantly to the corpus of literature on violence prevention and intervention evaluation. Protocol registration: ISRCTN: 11650008 4th June 2023.

In this powerful, compassionate work, one of anthropology's most distinguished ethnographers weaves together rich fieldwork with a compelling critical analysis in a book that will surely make a signal contribution to contemporary thinking about violence and how it affects everyday life. Veena Das examines case studies including the extreme violence of the Partition of India in 1947 and the massacre of Sikhs in 1984 after the assassination of then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. In a major departure from much anthropological inquiry, Das asks how this violence has entered \"the recesses of the ordinary\" instead of viewing it as an interruption of life to which we simply bear witness. Das engages with anthropological work on collective violence, rumor, sectarian conflict, new kinship, and state and bureaucracy as she embarks on a wide-ranging exploration of the relations among violence, gender, and subjectivity. Weaving anthropological and philosophical reflections on the ordinary into her analysis, Das points toward a new way of interpreting violence in societies and cultures around the globe. The book will be indispensable reading across disciplinary boundaries as we strive to better understand violence, especially as it is perpetrated against women.

Federalism and its impact on criminal punishment is foundational to understanding the failures of mass incarceration. Scholars studying the negotiation of power between the federal and state governments have highlighted the increase of cooperative agreements that allow these levels of government to accomplish mutually beneficial outcomes for their overlapping constituencies. In the context of criminal punishment, however, such cooperation has devolved into a race to the bottom in a bipartisan push to punish. Consequently, the modern cooperative era of federalism has facilitated mass incarceration in many respects as a policy vehicle to accomplish a national tough-on-crime agenda.

According to the FBI, violent crime (assault, murder, and rape) has largely been declining nationally since 2022. Over the last three years, as part of a unique and exciting public-private partnership, the Commonwealth Attorney's Office of Fairfax County, led by Steve Descano, partnered with Innovative Prosecution Consulting/American University (IPC)-and other partners-to design, develop, and implement a transformative data program. Data Capacity: We have enhanced the office's case management system, quality control, and data collection protocol.

We spend over $100 billion each year on policing in the United States, yet have very little idea of what keeps us safe. From the adoption of new technologies like facial recognition to militarization to stop-and-frisk tactics, and much else, police in the United States pursue public safety strategies without understanding the full range of costs or benefits. There is a particularly troubling tendency to ignore the social costs (the impact policing practices have on individuals)-and the distributional costs (how policing regularly falls most heavily on racial and marginalized communities). As a result, we don't know what keeps us safe, and there is a real risk we are doing more harm than good. This Article asks why we as a society know so little about how to assure safety, and what we can do to change this state of affairs. The Article's thesis is that a variety of dysfunctions around the politics of policing leads to legislative stasis and executive inertia: governing officials simply defer to the police. Blind trust in the police, fear of a powerful police lobby, and a law enforcement culture of secrecy and insulation result in a serious information failure. Legislative and executive officials (and the police themselves) simply lack the information needed to address whether police are doing a good job of keeping the public safe, and so they do little or nothing to assure public safety. The Article proposes a set of solutions to encourage the development of information about policing, including sentinel event review, information-forcing legislation, the establishment of regulatory intermediaries, and the creation of a policing college. Its main proposal is to encourage broad use of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) about policing. CBA, though prominently used in other areas of government, is almost nonexistent in the field of policing. Adoption of some combination of some of these tools is essential to ensure just, effective public safety.

Every significant criminal investigation includes some combination of cell phone records, body-worn camera footage, social media searches, jail calls, computer analysis, surveillance videos, license plate readers, and forensic evidence (e.g., ballistics, DNA, and fingerprints). [...]many offices find themselves understaffed and overburdened, compromising the quality of justice delivered and the well-being of staff members. The Importance of Studying Prosecutor Workload As the American Bar Association (ABA) has recognized, prosecutor overwork can negatively impact the entire criminal justice system. Specifically, these variables include the following: * Variation nationally in charge classifications-for example, what may be a Class 3 felony in one state may be a meanor in attempts to create charge categories unreliable; * Law enforcement policies that change regularly and can vary widely from department to department, within a jurisdiction, and across jurisdictions; * Significant resource differences across prosecutors' offices in terms of availability of support staff such as investigators, victim/witness advocates, and other nonattorney staff who provide substantial support to attorneys for case processing; * Different organizational models and policies among prosecutors' offices; and ∂ * Differences in the number of courts served.