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"Office buildings"
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Optimizing office building performance in the HSWW region of China using simulation with Hyperopt CatBoost and SPEA2
At present, the evaluation of the comprehensive performance of urban office buildings remains an area of significant discussion. This research aims to optimize the building performance of office buildings in the hot summer and warm winter (HSWW) region, focusing on three key aspects: energy use intensity (EUI), useful daylight illuminance (UDI), and percentage of thermal comfort (PTC). The study employs the Hyperparameter Optimization (Hyperopt)-Categorical Boosting (CatBoost)-Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) multi-objective optimization method, generating 3,000 datasets via Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS). Building performance parameters are simulated using the Ladybug and Honeybee models, and energy consumption and comfort levels are predicted using the CatBoost model. Subsequently, Hyperopt is used to optimize hyperparameters, and the SPEA2 algorithm is applied to identify Pareto optimal solutions. The results indicate that Hyperopt-CatBoost demonstrates excellent predictive performance, with R² values of 0.996, 0.954, and 0.985 for energy consumption, lighting, and thermal comfort, respectively. By using the SPEA2 multi-objective optimization (MOO) algorithm to optimize design parameters, energy consumption is reduced by 29.61%, lighting efficiency improves by 59.61%, and comfort increases by 37.69% compared to the original design. This study provides a systematic optimization plan and data support for energy-saving design, improving comfort, and enhancing lighting efficiency for office building renovation in urban villages.
Journal Article
Developing a WELL building model for office environments
Many reported cases of occupants in modern office buildings suffer from severe health risks, negative impacts on well-being, and productivity loss. Existing building standards often prioritize energy performance and green environments over human sustainability. Moreover, office buildings have a distinct group of occupants that require extra attention. Hence, the study aims to develop a WELL building model specifically for office buildings to support occupants’ well-being, health, and productivity (i.e., WELL). To achieve that objective, this study developed a list of physical indoor building features through a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews. Then, the features were inserted into a survey and sent to office building occupants and built environment professionals. The collected data was analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings suggest twelve new features applicable for supporting WELL in office buildings: workspace privacy, sufficient space, office layout, cleanliness, efficiency in building services, individual control, building automation system, Information Technology (IT) infrastructure, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) risk, security system, safety at parking lots, and safe design. Also, three new concepts for supporting WELL in office buildings were established: office space, building services and maintenance, and smart systems. The new concepts and features lay a foundation for designing office buildings that comprehensively target occupants’ WELL. Finally, this study is unique as it accentuates the development of a WELL building model specifically for office buildings.
Journal Article
Development of hedonic office rent indices : examples for German metropolitan areas
Simon Kempf has developed hedonic (quality-adjusted) office rent indices for German metropolitan areas. His study explores new territory as it constructs, for the first time, such indices for Germany. The author thereby has taken into account the different qualities of the underlying lease contracts regarding location factors, lease factors, building factors, equipment and layout factors of the office rental unit - using more than 22,005 office lease contracts stored in the Rental Databank of IPD GmbH in Wiesbaden.
Book
Building Envelope Retrofitting Strategies for Energy-Efficient Office Buildings in Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is working to establish cities based on the economy and attract investments such as Neom and The Line. Moreover, at the beginning of 2021, the Saudi government announced that it will stop dealing with foreign companies that establish regional offices outside the country, starting from the beginning of the year 2024. These acts will contribute to strengthening the presence of office buildings significantly. However, the biggest challenge is the inefficient energy design and operation of the existing office buildings in an overheated environment. Therefore, improving the thermal performance of existing office buildings has become a priority for sustainable development. This study aims to evaluate the current scenario of energy performance in Saudi governmental office buildings. One of the most important strategies of the Kingdom’s vision 2030 regards energy conservation. In support of the aim of this research, the annual electric energy bill of the Agricultural Development Fund building in Najran has been collected and analyzed. Accordingly, the analyses were carried out to evaluate the improvement in energy consumption through retrofitting the building envelope. DesignBuilder simulation program was used to investigate the effects of different retrofitting strategies of the building envelope in terms of changing the type of window’s glass, adding thermal insulation layers, and applying egg-crate shading devices. The results reported that applying a combination of those strategies reduced total energy consumption by 26.81% compared with the current base case.
Journal Article
Corporate architecture
\"Corporate architecture plays an important role, not only in presenting the external face of a company, but also reflecting how a company's self-perception. Such architecture can be part of an overall corporate design and is an extremely important part of corporate identity. Companies want a building that identifies them; this can be either a landmark or an advertisement, but ideally a building that symbolizes that values and virtues of the specific company\"--Preface.
Book
Development of Adaptive Model and Occupant Behavior Model in Four Office Buildings in Nagasaki, Japan
A field survey of indoor environmental measurements and questionnaires on thermal sensation, overall comfort, and behaviors was conducted in four office buildings in Japan by visiting each office every month over a duration of more than a year during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The indoor environment was measured concurrently. We obtained 1047 votes from office workers in their 20s to 60s. The regression and Griffiths’ methods were used to calculate the indoor comfort temperature. A logistic regression analysis was used to develop the occupant behavior model. Over 70% of the occupants found the indoor environment comfortable at a mean comfort temperature of 23.2 to 25.9 °C. Gender differences were observed in thermal sensation and overall comfort, but a gender difference was observed only in the cooling mode for the indoor comfort temperature. An adaptive model was developed for the office buildings in Nagasaki city to predict the indoor comfort temperature from the outdoor air temperature. The proportions of heating, cooling, and fan usage can be predicted from the outdoor air temperature using a logistic regression analysis. The adaptive model and occupant behavior model are useful for the indoor temperature control of the existing buildings and thermal simulation of the new building design.
Journal Article
Seattle Public Library, OMA/LMN
OMA's design for the Seattle Public Library--one of the firm's most heavily anticipated projects to date--begins with a radical rethinking of the very nature of the library. If the library exists today as a threatened sanctuary, it has been done in by its own stubborn reliance on one kind of literacy and its consequent blindness to other emerging forms that increasingly dominate our culture, especially the huge efficiencies and pleasures of visual intelligence. Rather than merely package.
Book
Machine-Learning-Enhanced Building Performance-Guided Form Optimization of High-Rise Office Buildings in China’s Hot Summer and Warm Winter Zone—A Case Study of Guangzhou
Given their dominant role in energy expenditure within China’s Hot Summer and Warm Winter (HSWW) zone, high-fidelity performance prediction and multi-objective optimization framework during the early design phase are critical for achieving sustainable energy efficiency. This study presents an innovative approach integrating machine learning (ML) algorithms and multi-objective genetic optimization to predict and optimize the performance of high-rise office buildings in China’s HSWW zone. By integrating Rhino/Grasshopper parametric modeling, Ladybug Tools performance simulation, and Python programming, this study developed a parametric high-rise office building model and validated five advanced and mature machine learning algorithms for predicting energy use intensity (EUI) and useful daylight illuminance (UDI) based on architectural form parameters under HSWW climatic conditions. The results demonstrate that the CatBoost algorithm outperforms other models with an R2 of 0.94 and CVRMSE of 1.57%. The Pareto optimal solutions identify substantial shading dimensions, southeast orientations, high aspect ratios, appropriate spatial depths, and reduced window areas as critical determinants for optimizing EUI and UDI in high-rise office buildings of the HSWW zone. This research fills a gap in the existing literature by systematically investigating the application of ML algorithms to predict the complex relationships between architectural form parameters and performance metrics in high-rise building design. The proposed data-driven optimization framework provides architects and engineers with a scientific decision-making tool for early-stage design, offering methodological guidance for sustainable building design in similar climatic regions.
Journal Article