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"Offshore engineering"
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Evaluating the Accuracy of the ERA5 Model in Predicting Wind Speeds Across Coastal and Offshore Regions
Accurate wind speed and direction data are vital for coastal engineering, renewable energy, and climate resilience, particularly in regions with sparse observational datasets. This study evaluates the ERA5 reanalysis model’s performance in predicting wind speeds and directions at ten coastal and offshore stations in Kuwait from 2010 to 2017. This analysis reveals that ERA5 effectively captures general wind speed patterns, with offshore stations demonstrating stronger correlations (up to 0.85) and higher Perkins Skill Score (PSS) values (up to 0.94). However, the model consistently underestimates wind variability and extreme wind events, especially at coastal stations, where correlation coefficients dropped to 0.35. Wind direction analysis highlighted ERA5’s ability to replicate dominant northwest wind patterns. However, it reveals notable biases and underrepresented variability during transitional seasons. Taylor diagrams and error metrics further emphasize ERA5’s challenges in capturing localized dynamics influenced by land-sea interactions. Enhancements such as localized calibration using high-resolution datasets, hybrid models incorporating machine learning techniques, and long-term monitoring networks are recommended to improve accuracy. By addressing these limitations, ERA5 can more effectively support engineering applications, including coastal infrastructure design and renewable energy development, while advancing Kuwait’s sustainable development goals. This study provides valuable insights into refining reanalysis model performance in complex coastal environments.
Journal Article
Recent Developments in the Nonlinear Hydroelastic Modeling of Sea Ice Interaction with Marine Structures
This review provides the recent advancements in nonlinear sea ice modeling for hydroelastic analysis of ice-covered channels and their interaction with floating structures. It surveys theoretical, experimental, and numerical methodologies used to analyze complex coupled sea ice–structure interactions. The paper discusses governing fluid domain solutions, fluid–ice interaction mechanisms, and ice–structure (ship) contact models, alongside experimental techniques and various numerical models. While significant progress has been made, particularly with coupled approaches validated by experimental data, challenges remain in full-scale validation and accurately representing ice properties and dynamic interactions. Findings highlight the increasing importance of understanding sea ice interactions, particularly in the context of climate change, Arctic transportation, and the development of very large floating structures. This review serves as a crucial resource for advancing safe and sustainable Arctic and offshore engineering.
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Cost Control of Offshore Engineering Project: An Analysis from Supply Chain Management
Liu, L.-R.; Wen, X.-J.; Ba, J.-J., and Wu, S.-X., 2020. Cost control of offshore engineering project: An analysis from supply chain management. In: Qiu, Y.; Zhu, H., and Fang, X. (eds.), Current Advancements in Marine and Coastal Research for Technological and Sociological Applications. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 107, pp. 129-132. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The implementation of integrated project management based on supply chain management in offshore engineering projects will help to significantly reduce and control the project cost, so as to improve the construction environment of offshore engineering projects, and improve the level and income of engineering construction. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the basis of cost management of offshore engineering project based on supply chain analysis, then studies the cost management of offshore engineering project based on supply chain analysis, and finally gives the strategy of cost control of offshore engineering project based on supply chain management analysis.
Journal Article
Effect of microstructural heterogeneities on variability in low-temperature impact toughness in multi-pass weld metal of 420 MPa offshore engineering steel
Multi-pass steel weld metal is heterogeneous in nature due to spatial variations of multiple thermal cycles which leads to variations in mechanical properties. In this research, 420 MPa offshore steel was welded in the 1G, 2G, and 3G positions, and the fusion zone was divided into as-deposited weld metal (AD-WM) and reheated zone (RHZ). Subsequently, the sub-regions of the RHZ were identified, and their microstructural constituents, including martensite–austenite (MA) constituents and inclusions, were characterized and quantified. The results indicated that reheating the weld metal by the subsequent passes decides the area fraction of the RHZ in the weld metal and thus the impact toughness. The low heat input in the 2G sample led to the formation of alternate layers of AD-WM and RHZ throughout the fusion zone. The higher cooling rate led to the formation of fine acicular ferrite (AF) microstructure and thus high impact toughness (120 kJ). Increasing the heat input in the 3G and 1G samples resulted in the transformation of the AF to polygonal ferrite (PF), thereby decreasing the impact toughness. Increased number of passes in the 1G specimen led to higher area fraction of the RHZ (39.5%) than in the 3G sample (34%). Thus, the 3G sample exhibited higher low-temperature impact toughness (80 kJ) than the 1G sample (47 kJ). Thus, higher heat input and number of layers would result in multiple heating of the RHZ, which can be detrimental to the toughness.
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Analysis and Research on Financial Competitiveness of Listed Companies in Offshore Engineering Manufacturing
Tang, J. and Fu, Y., 2020. Analysis and research on financial competitiveness of listed companies in offshore engineering manufacturing. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 45–48. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In recent years, with the implementation of the national ocean development strategy, China's offshore engineering equipment manufacturing enterprises have achieved rapid development, but compared with developed countries, China's listed enterprises in the offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry still have many problems. This paper first introduces the theory of financial competitiveness, then discusses the definition and characteristics of the concept of the offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry and constructs the financial risk evaluation model of listed enterprises of the offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry. Finally, this paper proposes that listed enterprises of offshore engineering equipment manufacturing should broaden financing channels, enhance capital strength, increase cash flow, improve risk prevention, improve management level, and enhance development ability.
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Effect of rare earth Ce addition on inclusions in offshore engineering steel containing arsenic
The present study investigates the impact of rare earth Ce addition and holding time on inclusions in offshore engineering steel containing arsenic. The analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum (SEM-EDS), automatic statistics of inclusions, and thermodynamic analysis. The results indicate that prior to the addition of rare earth Ce, the typical inclusions in the steel were Al 2 O 3 , MnS and Al 2 O 3 -MnS, with an average size of approximately 2.51 μ m and an irregular or stripe morphology. Upon the addition of rare earth Ce, the inclusions in the steel were transformed into Ce-S(-O), Ce-As(-O) and Ce-S-As(-O), with a smaller average size and a spherical or ellipsoidal morphology. The smallest average size of inclusions in the steel was observed when rare earth Ce was added and held for 5 min; this size was 33% smaller than that prior to the addition of Ce. The thermodynamic calculation revealed that the Ce-S(-O) inclusion is formed in molten steel, while the Ce-As(-O) inclusion is formed during the solidification stage. As element replaced parts of the S and O elements in the Ce-S(-O) inclusion and formed the Ce-S-As(-O) complex inclusion, characterized by a double-layered structure.
Journal Article
Effect of Yttrium-Based Rare Earth on Inclusions and Cryogenic Temperature Impact Properties of Offshore Engineering Steel
EH36 offshore engineering steels with varied yttrium-based rare earth content were prepared by trials in industrial production. The effects of yttrium-based rare earth on the inclusions and cryogenic temperature impact properties of EH36 offshore engineering steel were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, automatic statistics of inclusions, thermodynamic analysis and fracture morphology analysis. Yttrium-based rare earth could refine the inclusions and modify irregular Al2O3 and MnS inclusions into small, spherical, regular rare earth inclusions. The optimal impact properties were found in EH36 steel with 0.020 wt.% yttrium-based rare earth. Compared with 0RE steel, the RE-inclusions were within 3 μm (91.95% of total inclusions) in diameter and were spherical or quasi-spherical when dispersed in 200RE steel. Meanwhile, the cryogenic temperature impact properties significantly increased: 200RE steel impact properties were increased by 245.1% at −80 °C.
Journal Article
Development of Offshore Engineering Equipment and High-end Shipbuilding Industry: A Case Study of Dinghai District, Zhoushan, Ningbo
Huang, C. and Zheng, W.X.J., 2020. Research on the development of offshore engineering equipment and high-end shipbuilding industry: A case study of Dinghai District, Zhoushan, Ningbo. In: Guido Aldana, P.A. and Kantamaneni, K. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Coastal Management, and Marine Science Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 104, pp. 700–704. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The 21st century is the century of the oceans, and speeding up the development and utilization of marine resources has become the strategic orientation of economic development of all countries in the world. Marine engineering equipment refers to the general term for various mechanical equipment needed in the course of a series of marine economic activities. And high-end ships, because of their complex design and manufacturing processes and powerful functions, occupy a very important position in the marine equipment industry chain, and have extremely high research and application value. The development of marine engineering equipment and high-end shipbuilding industry can realize the wider application and development of marine resources. Therefore, this article analyzes the development model of Korean marine engineering equipment and high-end ship manufacturing industry, and uses Ningbo Zhoushan Dinghai District as a focus area to conduct a matching analysis, in order to provide suggestions for the development of marine engineering equipment and high-end ship manufacturing industry.
Journal Article
Risk Analysis Model of Offshore Engineering Project Management Based on Fuzzy Membership Function
Li, W., 2019. Risk analysis model of offshore engineering project management based on fuzzy membership function. In: Li, L.; Wan, X., and Huang, X. (eds.), Recent Developments in Practices and Research on Coastal Regions: Transportation, Environment and Economy. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 98, pp. 92–95. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. As a high-risk and high-cost project for offshore engineering (OE), the risk assessment and risk management of such project are necessary measures to reduce project economic losses. Based on a fuzzy membership function and a probability analysis method, this article analyzes the possible risks in OE projects, calculates the risk values of various factors, and establishes a risk analysis model for project management (PM) of the OE based on the fuzzy membership function. The research results show that in the offshore engineering PM (OEPM), external factors are the most risky, and the PM organization needs to increase attention on them; the organizational management structure is well organized in aspects such as clear divisions of labor, reasonable distribution of powers and responsibilities, and sound project operation; the key to risk management countermeasures is reducing the possibility of risk occurrence and preventing the occurrence of risks as much as possible by precontrol on one hand and by lowering the degree of risk loss and ensuring the risk consequences no longer deteriorate on the other. These research findings provide theoretical support for risk management and risk control in the OEPM.
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