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Modeling and application of production metering for electric pump wells without downhole pressure measurement devices
To address the issues of low frequency and high costs associated with the current manual production measurement for ESP wells in the Tarim Oilfield, a study was conducted to develop a digital production measurement method for ESP wells. Based on the principle of energy conservation, where the input power of the pump equals the output power of the motor, and incorporating parameters such as surface tubing and casing pressure, motor current, and motor/ pump performance curves, with viscosity correction of the pump performance curve, a corrected power calculation method was proposed. A digital production measurement mathematical model was established. According to feedback from field applications, the calculated results of this method align well with the metered results when corrected using on-site measured flow rate. Furthermore, by applying this model, accurate allocation of merged production well outputs and risk warning or failure diagnosis for oil wells can be achieved. This method not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of ESP well production calculations but also enables real-time reflection of oil well production trends, contributing to intelligent production management in the Tarim Oilfield and significantly enhancing the level of oilfield production management.
Journal Article
Enhanced Oil Recovery - Field Case Studies
This book bridges the gap between theory and practice in a range of real-world EOR settings. Areas covered include steam and polymer flooding, use of foam, in situ combustion, microorganisms, \"smart water\"-based EOR in carbonates and sandstones, and many more. Oil industry professionals know that the key to a successful enhanced oil recovery project lies in anticipating the differences between plans and the realities found in the field. This book aids that effort, providing valuable case studies from more than 250 EOR pilot and field applications in a variety of oil fields. The case studies cover practical problems, underlying theoretical and modeling methods, operational parameters, solutions and sensitivity studies, and performance optimization strategies, benefitting academicians and oil company practitioners alike.
eBook
Oil production and consumption : strategies for the UAE
The Arabian Gulf region has the most prodigious energy reserves in the world. As of 2012, it contained 489.4 billion barrels of proven oil reserves, approximately 36 percent of global supply. The latest figures for 2012 indicate that the region collectively produced 17.3 million barrels per day (m/bpd). With the advantage of enormous oil reserves and small, albeit growing, populations, the region exports the majority of its oil production. The region holds approximately 42 trillion cubic meters (TCM) of natural gas, about 23 percent of global natural gas reserves, but it only produces about 8 percent of the total global production. With the exception of Qatar, most Gulf countries consume the majority of their natural gas production. It is estimated that at current production rates, the official oil reserves will last another 70 years and natural gas reserves another 118 years. In terms of the UAE, it has approximately the seventh largest proven oil reserves in the world, at 97.8 billion barrels, which represents approximately 7 percent of the total global proven oil reserves. The majority of the oil reserves are located in Abu Dhabi (approximately 94 percent), while the other six emirates in aggregate contain just 6 percent of the UAE's oil reserves, with Dubai having the second largest reserves at 4 billion barrels. This monograph focuses on the most efficacious methods for the UAE to buttress its oil production while reducing its oil and natural gas consumption. It recommends that the UAE create a tiered strategy of increasing oil output by utilizing alternative methods of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) that would not depend upon natural gas, such as CO2 EOR, nitrogen flooding and solar thermal EOR.
Book
“Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”: Shale oil and gas in Sichuan Basin
The Sichuan Basin is rich in shale oil and gas resources, with favorable geological conditions that the other shale reservoirs in China cannot match. Thus, the basin is an ideal option for fully “exploring petroleum inside source kitchen” with respect to onshore shale oil and gas in China. This paper analyzes the characteristics of shale oil and gas resources in the United States and China, and points out that maturity plays an important role in controlling shale oil and gas composition. US shale oil and gas exhibit high proportions of light hydrocarbon and wet gas, whereas Chinese marine and transitional shale gas is mainly dry gas and continental shale oil is generally heavy. A comprehensive geological study of shale oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin reveals findings with respect to the following three aspects. First, there are multiple sets of organic-rich shale reservoirs of three types in the basin, such as the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation marine shale, Permian Longtan Formation transitional shale, Triassic Xujiahe Formation lake-swamp shale, and Jurassic lacustrine shale. Marine shale gas enrichment is mainly controlled by four elements: Deep-water shelf facies, moderate thermal evolution, calcium-rich and silicon-rich rock association, and closed roof/floor. Second, the “sweet section” is generally characterized by high total organic carbon, high gas content, large porosity, high brittle minerals content, high formation pressure, and the presence of lamellation/bedding and natural microfractures. Moreover, the “sweet area” is generally characterized by very thick organic-rich shale, moderate thermal evolution, good preservation conditions, and shallow burial depth, which are exemplified by the shale oil and gas in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, Longtan Formation, and Daanzhai Member of the Ziliujing Formation. Third, the marine, transitional, and continental shale oil and gas resources in the Sichuan Basin account for 50%, 25%, and 30% of the respective types of shale oil and gas geological resources in China, with great potential to become the cradle of the shale oil and gas industrial revolution in China. Following the “Conventional Daqing-Oil” (i.e., the Daqing oilfield in the Songliao Basin) and the “Western Daqing-Oil & Gas” (i.e., the Changqing oilfield in the Ordos Basin), the Southwest oil and gas field in the Sichuan Basin is expected to be built into a “Sichuan-Chongqing Daqing-Gas” in China.
Journal Article
Characteristics of Carboniferous Volcanic Reservoirs in Beisantai Oilfield, Junggar Basin
In recent years, petroleum exploration in the Carboniferous volcanic rock reservoirs in the Junggar Basin has been the focus of important petroleum energy development in western China. The lithologic identification of volcanic rock reservoirs seriously restricts the accuracy of reservoir prediction and affects the success rate of oil exploration. Different types of volcanic rocks have different petrological characteristics and mineral assemblages, especially affected by the depositional environment. The volcanic rocks in different regions have their own uniqueness. This paper takes the Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Xiquan block, Beisantai Oilfield, Junggar Basin as the research target. Through a large number of core observations, casting slices, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods, the Carboniferous volcanic rocks are analyzed. The petrology, pore characteristics, physical properties, and diagenetic evolution history of the reservoir are analyzed. The study shows that the volcanic facies in the Xiquan block can be divided into explosive facies, overflow facies, and volcanic sedimentary facies, among which the explosive facies is subdivided into empty subfacies (volcanic breccia-breccia tuff combination) and thermal base wave subfacies (tuff). The lithology of the reservoir is pyroclastic rock and volcanic lava, belonging to medium-porous and ultralow permeability reservoirs, and the storage space can be divided into three types: primary pores, secondary pores, and fractures. The lithology of key exploration is breccia tuff, followed by breccia tuff and volcanic breccia.
Journal Article
Great American outpost : dreamers, mavericks, and the making of an oil frontier
\"In 2012, a recovering addict named Don arrived in North Dakota with no money, no connections, and no job. Like many others, Don had heard that the Bakken Shale was being fracked, and within just twelve days, he'd landed a salary of over $100,000 hauling sand. North Dakota was experiencing a resurgence of population and wealth comparable to only one event in American history: the California Gold Rush. Through stories of men like Don--as well as down-on-their-luck businessmen, Ponzi-schemers, prostitutes, and reality-television hosts--Great American Outpost recounts the dramatic boom and bust of the largest oil rush in US history. As a writer for the Minneapolis Star-Tribune, Maya Rao spent more time in the Bakkens than any other reporter. By day, she worked at the local truck stop, hauled supplies, and explored frack sites with hard-worn truck drivers. By night, she dined with the Dakota elite: deceitful bankers, ex-strippers, drug lords, and a whole cast of characters hoping to get rich quick. Rao discovered that where there is oil, crime, greed, and sensationalism follow. The result is a fascinating microcosm of the United States in the twenty-first century that reads like a frontier novel of the Wild West\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A Review of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)-Based Photocatalyst for Oilfield-Produced Water Treatment
Oilfield produced water (OPW) has become a primary environmental concern due to the high concentration of dissolved organic pollutants that lead to bioaccumulation with high toxicity, resistance to biodegradation, carcinogenicity, and the inhibition of reproduction, endocrine, and non-endocrine systems in aquatic biota. Photodegradation using photocatalysts has been considered as a promising technology to sustainably resolve OPW pollutants due to its benefits, including not requiring additional chemicals and producing a harmless compound as the result of pollutant photodegradation. Currently, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has gained great attention as a promising photocatalyst due to its beneficial properties among the other photocatalysts, such as excellent optical and electronic properties, high chemical stability, low cost, non-toxicity, and eco-friendliness. However, the photoactivity of TiO2 is still inhibited because it has a wide band gap and a low quantum field. Hence, the modification approaches for TiO2 can improve its properties in terms of the photocatalytic ability, which would likely boost the charge carrier transfer, prevent the recombination of electrons and holes, and enhance the visible light response. In this review, we provide an overview of several routes for modifying TiO2. The as-improved photocatalytic performance of the modified TiO2 with regard to OPW treatment is reviewed. The stability of modified TiO2 was also studied. The future perspective and challenges in developing the modification of TiO2-based photocatalysts are explained.
Journal Article