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"Older people India Social conditions."
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Population ageing in India
\"\"Delves deep into the socioeconomic layers of elderly health, work participation and contribution to income generation, national policy in practice and policy initiatives in Asian countries\"--Provided by publisher\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Aging and the Indian diaspora : cosmopolitan families in India and abroad
The proliferation of old age homes and increasing numbers of elderly
living alone are startling new phenomena in India. These trends are related to
extensive overseas migration and the transnational dispersal of families. In this
moving and insightful account, Sarah Lamb shows that older persons are innovative
agents in the processes of social-cultural change. Lamb's study probes debates and
cultural assumptions in both India and the United States regarding how best to age;
the proper social-moral relationship among individuals, genders, families, the
market, and the state; and ways of finding meaning in the human life
course.
eBook
White saris and sweet mangoes
This rich ethnography explores beliefs and practices surrounding aging in a rural Bengali village. Sarah Lamb focuses on how villagers' visions of aging are tied to the making and unmaking of gendered selves and social relations over a lifetime. Lamb uses a focus on age as a means not only to open up new ways of thinking about South Asian social life, but also to contribute to contemporary theories of gender, the body, and culture, which have been hampered, the book argues, by a static focus on youth. Lamb's own experiences in the village are an integral part of her book and ably convey the cultural particularities of rural Bengali life and Bengali notions of modernity. In exploring ideals of family life and the intricate interrelationships between and within generations, she enables us to understand how people in the village construct, and deconstruct, their lives. At the same time her study extends beyond India to contemporary attitudes about aging in the United States. This accessible and engaging book is about deeply human issues and will appeal not only to specialists in South Asian culture, but to anyone interested in families, aging, gender, religion, and the body.
eBook
Long lives and untimely deaths : life-span concepts and longevity practices among Tibetans in the Darjeeling Hills, India
How do Tibetans in India's Darjeeling Hills understand the life-span and various life-forces that influence longevity? This book analyses ethnographic and textual material demonstrating how Tibetans utilise temporal frameworks in medical, astrological, divinatory, and ritual contexts to locate and reckon life-forces influencing their life-spans.
eBook
The association of widowhood and living alone with depression among older adults in India
Widowhood is a catastrophic event at any stage of life for the surviving partner particularly in old age, with serious repercussions on their physical, economic, and emotional well-being. This study investigates the association of marital status and living arrangement with depression among older adults. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate the effects of factors such as socio-economic conditions and other health problems contributing to the risk of depression among older adults in India. This study utilizes data from the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-2017–18). The effective sample size was 30,639 older adults aged 60 years and above. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis have been performed to determine the prevalence of depression. Further, binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to study the association between marital status and living arrangement on depression among older adults in India. Overall, around nine percent of the older adults suffered from depression. 10.3% of the widowed (currently married: 7.8%) and 13.6% of the older adults who were living alone suffered from depression. Further, 8.4% of the respondents who were co-residing with someone were suffering from depression. Widowed older adults were 34% more likely to be depressed than currently married counterparts [AOR: 1.34, CI 1.2–1.49]. Similarly, respondents who lived alone were 16% more likely to be depressed compared to their counterparts [AOR: 1.16; CI 1.02, 1.40]. Older adults who were widowed and living alone were 56% more likely to suffer from depression [AOR: 1.56; CI 1.28, 1.91] in reference to older adults who were currently married and co-residing. The study shows vulnerability of widowed older adults who are living alone and among those who had lack of socio-economic resources and face poor health status. The study can be used to target outreach programs and service delivery for the older adults who are living alone or widowed and suffering from depression.
Journal Article
Social support and economic conditions among older migrants in India: do distance, duration, and streams of migration play a role in later life?
Background
Being older and having a migrant feature might cause a double risk of vulnerability in poor economic, social support, and health status at the place of destination. This study examines the association of migration on the social support and economic condition of older persons in India.
Methods
Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-I (2017–2018) data with total samples of 66,156 older adults aged 45 + with 30,869 and 35,287 male and female samples, respectively, used in this study. Descriptive and bivariate analyses have been performed to examine the pattern of older migrants, and multinomial logistic regression analysis has been used to establish the associations between migration, social support, and economic condition.
Results
Over half (57.5%) of the population aged 45 + in India had migrant characteristics; 80% migrated before 25 years. Of all migrants, about 90% migrated within one state (Intrastate), and 9% migrated to another (Interstate). The association between social support and migration by distance and the adjusted result showed that immigrants were less likely to have medium [RRR = 0.56 (CI; 0.46–0.68)] and high [RRR = 0.39 (CI; 0.30–0.50)] social support. The interstate migrants were also less likely to have high [RRR = 0.90 (CI; 0.83–0.98)] social support. The migrants with 0–9 years of duration were less likely to have high social support, and the urban to rural stream migrants were more likely to have high social support. The association between economic status and migration by distance and the adjusted result showed that more affluent immigrants were likelier to have [RRR = 1.41 (CI; 1.14–1.73)] better economic conditions than affluent non-migrants. Migrants with 0–9-year duration and urban to rural stream were found to be likelier to have better economic conditions.
Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that distance, duration, and migration stream have a significant association with social support and economic conditions in later life. In exploring migration’s effect on social and economic status, policymakers should prioritize migrants in their agenda to maintain socio-economic and social support for older persons in India to achieve the sustainable goal of active and healthy ageing.
Journal Article
Multimorbidity, health Literacy, and quality of life among older adults in an urban slum in India: a community-based cross-sectional study
Background
India is experiencing a rising burden of chronic disease multimorbidity due to an aging population and epidemiological transition. Older adults residing in urban slums are especially vulnerable due to challenges in managing multimorbidity amid deprived living conditions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of multimorbidity, associated health literacy, and quality of life impact in this population.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 adults aged ≥ 65 years in an urban slum in Gujarat, India. Data on sociodemographics, physical and mental health conditions, health literacy (HLS-SF-47), quality of life (Short Form-12 scale), and social determinants of health were collected. Multimorbidity is ≥ 2 physical or mental health conditions in one person.
Results
The prevalence of multimorbidity was 62.5% (500/800). Multimorbidity was significantly associated with lower physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores on the SF-12 (
p
< 0.001). After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, the odds ratio of 0.81 indicates that for every 1 unit increase in the health literacy score, the odds of having multimorbidity decrease by 19%. Older age within the older adult cohort (per year increase) was associated with greater odds of multimorbidity (AOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.09). Physical inactivity (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.027–2.77) and lack of social support (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01–2.45) also increased the likelihood of multimorbidity.
Conclusion
There is a substantial burden of multimorbidity among urban slum dwellers aged ≥ 65 years in India, strongly linked to modifiable risk factors like poor health literacy and social determinants of health. Targeted interventions are essential to alleviate this disproportionate burden among urban slum older adults.
Journal Article
Social Capital in Old-Age and the Role of the Social Marginalisation
In India, despite heavy constitutional protection, due to caste-based discrimination, millions of residents are still struggling to access their basic rights such as good food, quality of education, merit-based employment and basic living conditions. This paper illustrates the role of marginality (for more details please, see Braun and Gatzweiler
2014
) in determining the accessibility of social capital and its functions to sustain basic needs in old-age. The coverage on discrimination and social hierarchy are some of the significant criterions in which functions of social capital are unproductive and further blocks the opportunities of adaptability in the later years. The paper addresses the issues of living arrangements and financial security among the elderly population. In conclusion, it recommends promotion of institutional care, pension protection and social safety measures for the creation of supportive environment for elderly population across all sections of the society.
Journal Article
Socio-economic inequality in functional disability and impairments with focus on instrumental activity of daily living: a study on older adults in India
Background
Studies have examined functional disability among older adults by combining Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). This study adds another dimension to ADL and IADL by combining various impairments such as hearing, vision, walking, chewing, speaking, and memory loss among older adults. This study examines functional disability among older adults in India as measured by ADL, IADL, along with various impairments.
Methods
This study utilized data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging in India (BKPAI), a national-level survey and conducted across seven states of India. The study utilized three outcome variables, namely, ADL, IADL, and Impairments. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were used along with multivariate analysis to fulfil the objectives of the study. The concentration index was calculated for ADL, IADL, and impairments, and further, decomposition analysis was carried out for IADL.
Results
The results observed that nearly 7.5% of older adults were not fully independent for ADL. More than half (56.8%) were not fully independent for IADL, and nearly three-fourths (72.6%) reported impairments. Overall, ADL, IADL, and impairments were higher among older adult’s aged 80+ years, older adults with poor self-rated health, and those suffering from chronic diseases. The likelihood of ADL (AOR = 6.42, 95% CI: 5.1–8.08), IADL (AOR = 5.08, 95% CI: 4.16–6.21), and impairment (AOR = 3.50, 95% CI: 2.73–4.48) were significantly higher among older adults aged 80+ years compared to 60–69 years. Furthermore, older adults who had poor self-rated health and suffered from chronic diseases were more likely to report ADL (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 2.37–3.67 and AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: 2.13–3.43), IADL (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.57–1.92 and AOR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04–1.15), and impairment (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI: 2.11–2.63 and AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 2.65–3.30), respectively compared to their counterparts. Educational status and wealth explained most of the socio-economic inequality in the prevalence of IADL among older adults.
Conclusion
It is recommended that the government advise older adults to adopt health-promoting approaches, which may be helpful. Further, there is a pressing need to deliver quality care to older adults suffering from chronic conditions.
Journal Article