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Remaking the Rust Belt
Cities in the North Atlantic coal and steel belt embodied industrial power in the early twentieth century, but by the 1970s, their economic and political might had been significantly diminished by newly industrializing regions in the Global South. This was not simply a North American phenomenon-the precipitous decline of mature steel centers like Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Hamilton, Ontario, was a bellwether for similar cities around the world.
Contemporary narratives of the decline of basic industry on both sides of the Atlantic make the postindustrial transformation of old manufacturing centers seem inevitable, the product of natural business cycles and neutral market forces. InRemaking the Rust Belt, Tracy Neumann tells a different story, one in which local political and business elites, drawing on a limited set of internationally circulating redevelopment models, pursued postindustrial urban visions. They hired the same consulting firms; shared ideas about urban revitalization on study tours, at conferences, and in the pages of professional journals; and began to plan cities oriented around services rather than manufacturing-all well in advance of the economic malaise of the 1970s.
While postindustrialism remade cities, it came with high costs. In following this strategy, public officials sacrificed the well-being of large portions of their populations.Remaking the Rust Beltrecounts how local leaders throughout the Rust Belt created the jobs, services, leisure activities, and cultural institutions that they believed would attract younger, educated, middle-class professionals. In the process, they abandoned social democratic goals and widened and deepened economic inequality among urban residents.
eBook
Craft Capitalism
Craft Capitalismfocuses on Hamilton, Ontario, and demonstrates how the preservation of traditional work arrangements, craft mobility networks, and other aspects of craft culture ensured that craftsworkers in that city enjoyed an essentially positive introduction to industrial capitalism.
eBook
Searching for Petronius Totem
\"Searching for Petronius Totem is a satirical novel about Hamilton artist Jack Vesoovian, who -- after his wife Elaine kicks him out, for good reason -- goes on the road to search for his friend, the disgraced memoirist Petronius Totem. Along the way he discovers a sinister plot to take over the world involving evil multinational corporations and flying edible robot chickens. An utterly original love story for the age.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Winter weathering of fractured sedimentary rocks in a temperate climate: observation of freeze–thaw and thermal processes on the Niagara Escarpment, Hamilton, Ontario
The Niagara Escarpment is a fractured Palaeozoic sedimentary cuesta, subject to year-round weathering in a temperate climate. We examined the temperature of the rock surface and fractures at three in situ sites with varying aspect and lithology, as well as the surface and interior of three control blocks maintained in outdoor conditions between December 2020 and March 2021. The objectives were to examine the interplay between freeze–thaw and thermal weathering in the winter months and to identify potential factors influencing these processes. Both diurnal-scale and prolonged freeze–thaw cycles differing in spatial and temporal extent were identified, coincident with periods of high moisture. We frequently observed rapid temperature changes (>1 °C min−1) at sites with strong insolation, which implies that the temperature regime is suitable for thermal shock and fatigue to occur. Site-specific factors, such as the aspect of the escarpment face and lithology, impact the mechanism and extent of weathering. Southeast-facing sites with high insolation are dominated by diurnal-scale freeze–thaw; west- and east-facing sites with lower insolation experience a more prominent prolonged freeze–thaw cycle. Across all sites there is a gradient between surface and fracture temperature that follows diurnal trends in air temperature and insolation. Variability in the surface-fracture gradient may enhance weathering processes by shifting the orientation and magnitude of stress, and by changing the spatial distribution of freezing and thawing. Our research indicates that site-specific factors and pre-existing fractures moderate the influence of air temperature and insolation on thermal gradients, and ultimately the weathering regime.
Journal Article
Corals and a cephalopod from the Whirlpool Formation (latest Ordovician, Hirnantian), Hamilton, Ontario: biostratigraphic and biogeographic significance
The new coral species Streptelasma rutkae and a cephalopod belonging to the genus Gorbyoceras occur in nearshore shallow-marine sandstone of the Whirlpool Formation in Hamilton, southern Ontario. They are the first macrofossils contributing to a modern understanding of the geologic age and correlation of this formation. Streptelasma rutkae most closely resembles a species that occurs widely in the Edgewood Biogeographic Province of the east-central United States, in rocks dating to the latest part of the Ordovician Period. Gorbyoceras is present in Late Ordovician rocks in the Cincinnati Arch region. Thus, the occurrences of Streptelasma rutkae and Gorbyoceras support other fossil and chemical data suggesting that the age of the Whirlpool Formation is latest Ordovician, rather than earliest Silurian as traditionally thought. They also indicate paleogeographic connections between the area where the Whirlpool Formation was deposited in Ontario and the Edgewood Biogeographic Province and Cincinnati Arch region in the east-central United States. Solitary rugose corals assigned to Streptelasma rutkae n. sp. and an annulated orthoconic cephalopod identified as Gorbyoceras sp. occur in nearshore shallow-marine sandstone of the Whirlpool Formation in Hamilton, southern Ontario. They are the first macrofossils contributing to a modern understanding of the age and correlation of this stratigraphic unit. Streptelasma rutkae most closely resembles S. subregulare (Savage, 1913), which occurs widely in the Edgewood Province of the east-central United States, in strata considered latest Ordovician (Hirnantian). Gorbyoceras ranges into the latest Katian (latest Richmondian) in the Cincinnati Arch region. Thus, the occurrences of S. rutkae and Gorbyoceras sp. support other biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data suggesting that the Whirlpool Formation is latest Ordovician, rather than earliest Silurian as traditionally thought. They also indicate paleogeographic connections between the area of Whirlpool deposition in Ontario and the Edgewood Province and Cincinnati Arch region in the east-central United States
Journal Article
Beautiful scars : steeltown secrets, Mohawk Skywalkers and the road home
Even as a kid my existence as the son of Bunny and George Wilson seemed far-fetched to me. When I went over it in my head, none of it added up. The other kids on East 36th Street in Hamilton used to tell me stories of their mothers being pregnant and their newborn siblings coming home from the hospital. Nobody ever talked about Bunny's and my return from the hospital. In my mind my birth was like the nativity, only with gnarly dogs and dirty snow and a chipped picket fence and old blind people with short tempers and dim lights, ashtrays full of Export Plain cigarette butts and bottles of rum. Once, when I was about four, I asked Bunny, \"How come I don't look anything like you and George? How come you are old and the other moms are young?\" \"There are secrets I know about you that I'll take to my grave,\" she responded. And that pretty well finished that. Bunny built up a wall to protect her secrets, and as a result I built a wall to protect myself.
Book
Fractures in the Niagara Escarpment in Ontario, Canada: distribution, connectivity, and geohazard implications
The Niagara Escarpment is a geological feature located in southern Ontario, Canada, and the northeastern United States, comprising highly fractured sandstone, shale and carbonates deposited during the Ordovician and Silurian periods. Differential erosion of the strata has generated a steep cliff face which bisects the city of Hamilton, Ontario. Geological fractures are widespread in the escarpment and result in the formation of unstable blocks of rock subject to erosion through rockfall. This presents structural stability issues of concern due to the proximity of the escarpment to urban infrastructure. We quantify and analyse fracture networks in the escarpment using a combined field- and numerical-modelling-based approach. The location, orientation and aperture of fractures were documented from local outcrops using scanline and area survey methods. Clusters of poles describing the orientation of geological discontinuities were identified in spherical projections, defining three sets: (1) a sub-vertical stratabound set striking N–S, (2) a sub-vertical stratabound set striking E–W, and (3) a set parallel to horizontal sedimentary bedding planes which we infer controlled sub-vertical fracture geometry. Discrete fracture network modelling of fracture sets highlights their high degree of connectivity, and contribution to local geohazards, and quantifies their role in controlling fluid flow through escarpment strata, which is dependent on fracture aperture. Additionally, bedding planes have the potential to act as free surfaces, facilitating stress conditions in which approximately cuboid blocks are produced, and increasing the risk of rockfalls. We conclude that fractures present a first-order control on the fluid-flow properties and stability of the Niagara Escarpment.
Journal Article