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Behavioral Modeling and Simulation
Today's military missions have shifted away from fighting nation states using conventional weapons toward combating insurgents and terrorist networks in a battlespace in which the attitudes and behaviors of civilian noncombatants may be the primary effects of military actions. To support these new missions, the military services are increasingly interested in using models of the behavior of humans, as individuals and in groups of various kinds and sizes.
Behavioral Modeling and Simulation reviews relevant individual, organizational, and societal (IOS) modeling research programs, evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the programs and their methodologies, determines which have the greatest potential for military use, and provides guidance for the design of a research program to effectively foster the development of IOS models useful to the military.
This book will be of interest to model developers, operational military users of the models and their managers, and government personnel making funding decisions regarding model development.
eBook
Developing Organizational Simulations
iThis second edition of Developing Organizational Simulations provides a concise source of information on effective and practical methods for constructing simulation exercises for the assessment of psychological characteristics relevant to effectiveness in work organizations. Incorporating new additions such as the multiple ways technology can be used in the design, delivery, scoring, and evaluating of simulation exercises, as well as the delivery of feedback based on the results, this book is user-friendly with practical how-to guidance, including many graphics, boxes, and examples. This book is ideal for practitioners, consultants, HR specialists, students, and researchers in need of guidance developing organizational simulations for personnel selection, promotion, diagnosis, training, or research. It is also suited for courses, workshops, and training programs in testing and measurement, personnel selection, training and development, and research methodology.ii
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eBook
Modeling Human and Organizational Behavior
Simulations are widely used in the military for training personnel, analyzing proposed equipment, and rehearsing missions, and these simulations need realistic models of human behavior. This book draws together a wide variety of theoretical and applied research in human behavior modeling that can be considered for use in those simulations. It covers behavior at the individual, unit, and command level. At the individual soldier level, the topics covered include attention, learning, memory, decisionmaking, perception, situation awareness, and planning. At the unit level, the focus is on command and control. The book provides short-, medium-, and long-term goals for research and development of more realistic models of human behavior.
eBook
Cultivating compassion: How standardized patient simulation-based training enhances nurses' emotional intelligence, empathy, and perception of the quality of patient care
This study investigates the impact of standardized patient simulation-based compassionate care training on nurses' emotional intelligence and empathy.
The growing emphasis on compassionate care in healthcare settings highlights the need for nurses to cultivate emotional intelligence and empathy to enhance patient interactions and care quality. Standardized patient simulation has emerged as an effective method for developing these essential skills.
A quasi-experimental design was employed.
124 staff nurses were divided into a study group (62 nurses) and a control group (62 nurses). Pre- and post-intervention assessments measured emotional intelligence and empathy using validated scales. Data were collected from December 2024 to February 2025.
The study group exhibited substantial improvements in emotional intelligence post-intervention (38.74 ± 8.11) in contrast to the control group (29.5 ± 11.4) with a p-value < 0.001. Empathy scores also significantly increased in the study group (8.15 ± 1.97) versus the control group (6.07 ± 2.52), p < 0.001.
The findings underscore the effectiveness of standardized patient simulation in developing emotional intelligence and empathy among nurses. These skills are crucial for improving patient care quality, suggesting healthcare institutions should integrate this training into professional development programs. Ongoing research is required to explore long-term impacts and the role of organizational support in skill development.
Journal Article
Balancing Exploration and Exploitation Through Structural Design: The Isolation of Subgroups and Organizational Learning
The classic trade-off between exploration and exploitation in organizational learning has attracted vigorous attention by researchers over the last two decades. Despite this attention, however, the question of how firms can better maintain the balance of exploration and exploitation remains unresolved. Drawing on a wide range of research on population and organization structure, we argue that an organization divided into semi-isolated subgroups may help strike this balance. We simulate such an organization, systematically varying the interaction pattern between individuals to explore how the degree of subgroup isolation and intergroup connectivity influences organizational learning. We also test this model with a range of contingency variables highlighted in the management research. We find that moderate levels of cross-group linking lead to the highest equilibrium performance by enabling superior ideas to diffuse across groups without reducing organizational diversity too quickly. This finding is remarkably resilient to a wide range of variance in factors such as problem complexity, environmental dynamism, and personnel turnover.
Journal Article
Study protocol for transforming health equity research in integrated primary care: Antiracism as a disruptive innovation
Among the consequences of systemic racism in health care are significant health disparities among Black/African American individuals with comorbid physical and mental health conditions. Despite decades of studies acknowledging health disparities based on race, significant change has not occurred. There are shockingly few evidence-based antiracism interventions. New paradigms are needed to intervene on, and not just document, racism in health care systems. We are developing a transformative paradigm for new antiracism interventions for primary care settings that integrate mental and physical health care. The paradigm is the first of its kind to integrate community-based participatory research and systems science, within an established model of early phase translation to rigorously define new antiracism interventions. This protocol will use a novel application of systems sciences by combining the qualitative systems sciences methods (group model building; GMB) with quantitative methods (simulation modeling) to develop a comprehensive and community-engaged view of both the drivers of racism and the potential impact of antiracism interventions. Community participants from two integrated primary health care systems will engage in group GMB workshops with researchers to 1) Describe and map the complex dynamic systems driving racism in health care practices, 2) Identify leverage points for disruptive antiracism interventions, policies and practices, and 3) Review and prioritize a list of possible intervention strategies. Advisory committees will provide feedback on the design of GMB procedures, screen potential intervention components for impact, feasibility, and acceptability, and identify gaps for further exploration. Simulation models will be generated based on contextual factors and provider/patient characteristics. Using Item Response Theory, we will initiate the process of developing core measures for assessing the effectiveness of interventions at the organizational-systems and provider levels to be tested under a variety of conditions. While we focus on Black/African Americans, we hope that the resulting transformative paradigm can be applied to improve health equity among other marginalized groups.
Journal Article
Agent-based simulation in management and organizational studies: a survey
The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive survey of the literature about the use of agent-based simulation (ABS) in the study of organizational behavior, decision making, and problem-solving. It aims at contributing to the consolidation of ABS as a field of applied research in management and organizational studies. The authors carried out a non-systematic search in literature published between 2000 and 2016, by using the keyword \"agent-based\" to search through Scopus' business, management and accounting database. Additional search criteria were devised using the papers' keywords and the categories defined by the divisions and interest groups of the Academy of Management. The authors found 181 articles for this survey. The survey shows that ABS provides a robust and rigorous framework to elaborate descriptions, explanations, predictions and theories about organizations and their processes as well as develop tools that support strategic and operational decision making and problem-solving. The authors show that the areas that report the highest number of applications are operations and logistics (37 percent), marketing (17 percent) and organizational behavior (14 percent). The paper illustrates the increasingly prominent role of ABS in fields such as organizational behavior, strategy, human resources, marketing and logistics. To-date, this is the most complete survey about ABS in all management areas.
Journal Article
Modeling and simulation of railway safety management with public supervision and dynamic incentives: A four-party evolutionary game and system dynamics approach
Railway accidents pose a significant threat to the industry, necessitating enhanced research into railway transportation safety. This study integrated a public oversight framework into the existing safety governance structure of railway transport operators, utilizing a four-party evolutionary game model and system dynamics for enhancement. Simulations conducted with Vensim software demonstrate that increased public supervision increases safety operation rates and improves the safety-related productivity of auxiliary enterprises. However, uncertainties in the evolutionary strategy process were identified. To address equilibrium fluctuations, a dynamic reward-punishment mechanism was developed. The optimized system achieved a safety operation rate of 99.7%, enhanced the safety-related productivity of the auxiliary enterprises to 93.2%, and increased the public supervision rate to 87.2%. These findings indicate that effective public participation and dynamic incentives can significantly improve safety management and prevent losses in railway sectors, offering valuable theoretical and practical insights for global railway enterprises.
Journal Article