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Fat Rights
Author Interview on The Brian Lehrer Show America is a
weight-obsessed nation. Over the last decade, there's been an
explosion of concern in the U.S. about people getting fatter.
Plaintiffs are now filing lawsuits arguing that discrimination
against fat people should be illegal. Fat Rights
asks the first provocative questions that need to be raised about
adding weight to lists of currently protected traits like race,
gender, and disability. Is body fat an indicator of a character
flaw or of incompetence on the job? Does it pose risks or costs to
employers they should be allowed to evade? Or is it simply a
stigmatized difference that does not bear on the ability to perform
most jobs? Could we imagine fatness as part of workplace diversity?
Considering fat discrimination prompts us to rethink these basic
questions that lawyers, judges, and ordinary citizens ask before a
new trait begins to look suitable for antidiscrimination coverage.
Fat Rights draws on little-known legal cases
brought by fat citizens as well as significant lawsuits over other
forms of bodily difference (such as transgenderism), asking why the
boundaries of our antidiscrimination laws rest where they do.
Fatness, argues Kirkland, is both similar to and provocatively
different from other protected traits, raising long-standing
dilemmas in antidiscrimination law into stark relief. Though
options for defending difference may be scarce, Kirkland evaluates
the available strategies and proposes new ways of navigating this
new legal question. Fat Rights enters the fray of
the obesity debate from a new perspective: our inherited civil
rights tradition. The scope is broad, covering much more than just
weight discrimination and drawing the reader into the larger
context of antidiscrimination protections and how they can be
justified for a new group.
eBook
Fatboy fall down
\"A heartrending novel about one man's search for meaning in a difficult life. A child ridiculed for his weight, a son overshadowed by a favored brother, a husband who falls short of his wife's ambitions, an old man with a broken heart... As Orbits's life passes, he doggedly pursues a simple dream--a little place in the country where a family might thrive--while wondering if he can ever shake free of the tragedies that seem to define him. Fatboy fall down is the lush and heartbreaking musings of a man trying to understand his place in the world. Though it's a story shot through with sadness, it speaks to universal truths, and Rabindranath Maharaj's deft touch underscores the resilience of the human spirit\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A qualitative exploration of obesity bias and stigma in Irish healthcare; the patients’ voice
Current data indicates 70% of adults with obesity report experiencing bias and stigmatisation when engaging with healthcare. Most studies to date, have focused on weight bias from a healthcare professional's perspective. Few have explored weight bias from the perspective of the individual living with obesity and no study has conducted this research in the Irish context.
This study explored, the lived-in experience of individuals afflicted with obesity, when interacting with the Irish healthcare system. It examined whether participants encountered weight bias and stigma, if so, how it may have impacted them and gathered their suggestions on how it could be best addressed.
Employing a phenomenological approach, purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 individuals living with class II (BMI 35.0-39.9) or III obesity (BMI ≥40kg/m2) who reported regular and consistent engagement with the Irish healthcare system. Predominant emergent themes were categorised using the interview domains; (1) experiences of obesity bias and stigma, (2) impact of this bias and stigma and (3) suggested avenues to reduce bias and stigma.
Participants reported experiencing high levels of weight bias and stigmatisation. Relating to experiences, three themes were identified; interpersonal communication, focus of care and physical environment. In terms of its impact, there were two emergent themes; negativity towards future healthcare and escalation of unhealthy behaviours. Suggested avenues to eliminate bias and stigma included the introduction of a timely and clear clinical pathway for obesity management and a focus on HCPs education in relation to obesity causes and complexity.
Outside of specialist obesity tertiary care, weight bias and stigmatisation is commonly reported in the Irish healthcare system. It is a significant issue for those living with obesity, detrimental to their physiological and psychological health. A concerted effort by HCPs across clinical, research and educational levels is required to alleviate its harmful effects.
Journal Article
Fat Gay Men
To be fat in a thin-obsessed gay culture can be difficult. Despite affectionate in-group monikers for big gay men-chubs, bears, cubs-the anti-fat stigma that persists in American culture at large still haunts these individuals who often exist at the margins of gay communities. InFat Gay Men, Jason Whitesel delves into the world of Girth & Mirth, a nationally known social club dedicated to big gay men, illuminating the ways in which these men form identities and community in the face of adversity. In existence for over forty years, the club has long been a refuge and 'safe space' for such men. Both a partial insider as a gay man and an outsider to Girth & Mirth, Whitesel offers an insider's critique of the gay movement, questioning whether the social consequences of the failure to be height-weight proportionate should be so extreme in the gay community.
This book documents performances at club events and examines how participants use allusion and campy-queer behavior to reconfigure and reclaim their sullied body images, focusing on the numerous tensions of marginalization and dignity that big gay men experience and how they negotiate these tensions via their membership to a size-positive group. Based on ethnographic interviews and in-depth field notes from more than 100 events at bar nights, café klatches, restaurants, potlucks, holiday bashes, pool parties, movie nights, and weekend retreats, the book explores the woundedness that comes from being relegated to an inferior position in gay hierarchies, and yet celebrates how some gay men can reposition the shame of fat stigma through carnival, camp, and play. A compelling and rich narrative,Fat Gay Menprovides a rare glimpse into an unexplored dimension of weight and body image in American culture.
eBook
Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a constellation of comorbidities that predispose individuals to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus1. The gut microbiota is a new key contributor involved in the onset of obesity-related disorders2. In humans, studies have provided evidence for a negative correlation between Akkermansia muciniphila abundance and overweight, obesity, untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus or hypertension3–8. Since the administration of A. muciniphila has never been investigated in humans, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study in overweight/obese insulin-resistant volunteers; 40 were enrolled and 32 completed the trial. The primary end points were safety, tolerability and metabolic parameters (that is, insulin resistance, circulating lipids, visceral adiposity and body mass). Secondary outcomes were gut barrier function (that is, plasma lipopolysaccharides) and gut microbiota composition. In this single-center study, we demonstrated that daily oral supplementation of 1010A. muciniphila bacteria either live or pasteurized for three months was safe and well tolerated. Compared to placebo, pasteurized A. muciniphila improved insulin sensitivity (+28.62 ± 7.02%, P = 0.002), and reduced insulinemia (−34.08 ± 7.12%, P = 0.006) and plasma total cholesterol (−8.68 ± 2.38%, P = 0.02). Pasteurized A. muciniphila supplementation slightly decreased body weight (−2.27 ± 0.92 kg, P = 0.091) compared to the placebo group, and fat mass (−1.37 ± 0.82 kg, P = 0.092) and hip circumference (−2.63 ± 1.14 cm, P = 0.091) compared to baseline. After three months of supplementation, A. muciniphila reduced the levels of the relevant blood markers for liver dysfunction and inflammation while the overall gut microbiome structure was unaffected. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study (clinical trial no. NCT02637115) shows that the intervention was safe and well tolerated and that supplementation with A. muciniphila improves several metabolic parameters.
Journal Article
Supporting healthcare professionals to reduce weight stigma
Background: Reducing weight stigma in healthcare is critical to supporting and improving the health of people living with overweight or obesity and decreasing the risk of adverse patient outcomes. We were invited as stigma researchers to participate in an online workshop alongside community members, healthcare professionals and policymakers to codesign guidance for reducing weight stigma in healthcare. This workshop prompted us to reflect on why and how weight stigma should be addressed in healthcare, and to provide recommendations for healthcare professionals and policymakers to reduce weight stigma in healthcare.
Objective: This paper presents our reflections and recommendations for addressing weight stigma in healthcare following the codesign workshop.
Discussion: Recommendations include targeting individual healthcare professionals and involving clear, practical guidelines and training that leverage the notions of 'do no harm', improving practice and recognising biases. Importantly, such strategies must be couched in broader structural approaches to weight stigma reduction.
Journal Article