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"PHILOSOPHICAL ESSAYS"
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The Founding Fathers, Education, and \The Great Contest\ : The American Philosophical Society Prize of 1797
\"In 1795, the nation's leading research institution offered a prize for the best essay on a system of public education for the United States. Over the next two years, the proposals they received ranged from the ridiculous, to the provocative, to the eerily familiar. This book revisits that unique moment in American history, when the founding fathers first opened the enduring debate on how best to educate the American citizenry. In ten essays, leading historians use the American Philosophical Society's education prize as a starting point for broader explorations of critical themes: gender, race, religion, public versus private, centralization versus localism, voluntary associations, higher education, and research methods. This book also publishes, for the first time, all of the original contest essays\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Hume's Enlightenment Tract
This book studies David Hume's Enquiry concerning Human Understanding. The Enquiry has, contrary to its author's expressed wishes, long lived in the shadow of its predecessor, A Treatise of Human Nature. This book presents the Enquiry in a fresh light, and aims to raise it to its rightful position in Hume's work and in the history of philosophy. It argues that the Enquiry is not, as so often assumed, a mere collection of watered-down extracts from the earlier work. It is, rather, a coherent work with a unified argument; and, when this argument is grasped as a whole, the Enquiry shows itself to be the best introduction to the lineaments of its author's general philosophy. This book offers a careful guide through the argument and structure of the work. It shows how the central sections of the Enquiry offer a critique of the dogmatic empiricisms of the ancient world (Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Aristotelianism), and set in place an alternative conception of human powers based on the sceptical principles of habit and probability. These principles are then put to work, to rule out philosophy's metaphysical ambitions and their consequences: religious systems and their attendant conception of human beings as semi-divine rational animals. Hume's scepticism, experimentalism, and naturalism are thus shown to be different aspects of the one unified philosophy — a sceptical version of the Enlightenment vision.
eBook
Hume's Enquiry concerning human understanding : reader's guide
David Hume is widely considered to be the greatest British philosopher and his Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding is the most frequently studied of all his works - a key text in the study of empiricist thought.This is a hugely important and exciting, yet challenging, piece of philosophical writing.
eBook
Perception of Body Composition and Health Status among College-Aged African American Women
We determined rates of overweight and obesity in 61 African American college-aged women at a historically black university in Alabama and their perceived health status and body image. Participants completed a questionnaire that addressed health concerns, including perceived health status, healthcare access and use, and insurance coverage. Of the 67 percent of participants who were overweight (33%) or obese (34%), 42 percent incorrectly self-reported their weight as normal, and 31 percent of obese participants rated their health as good-excellent. Overall, 26 percent of respondents did not consider weight a health indicator. Obesity rates were high in this population of young African American women. They need more information regarding the health risks associated with overweight/obesity and the role of physical therapists in addressing overweight/obesity.
Journal Article
Use of Cancer Screening by African Immigrants in NC
Advancement in screening has revolutionized cancer treatment in the USA and has been linked to successful detection and prevention of diverse forms of cancer. However, studies have focused on its use by majority groups, ignoring third-world immigrants, who typically arrive with little exposure to advanced medicine and scant knowledge about cancer screening. This study examined the use of cancer screening by African immigrants in North Carolina. It found that most respondents had used cancer screening; moreover, most have complied with screening protocols established by the American Cancer Society. However, some respondents appear to have been discouraged from screening by pre-arrival, African values about dangerous diseases, misperceptions, and denial of entitlements.
Journal Article
Improving Quality, Achieving Equity, and Increasing Diversity in Healthcare
Racial and ethnic disparities in health and healthcare are a longstanding and well-understood crisis in the United States. The root causes are multifactorial and include provider/patient communication challenges, stereotyping and its impact on clinical decisionmaking, and patient mistrust. The passage of healthcare reform and current efforts to achieve payment reform signal the beginning of a major transformation of the US healthcare system that will require greater attention to improving quality, addressing disparities, and achieving equity given that minorities will comprise approximately 48% of the 32 million newly insured. The Institute of Medicine Report Unequal Treatment serves as the nation’s blueprint to address disparities, and one major recommendation was increasing the proportion of underrepresented minorities in the healthcare workforce. This article provides an overview of the root causes of disparities, key drivers that will spur action, and a path forward to achieve diversity that includes observations from the field and promising practices. Ultimately, a healthcare workforce that reflects our nation’s increasingly diverse population will be vital if we are to deliver high-quality care to all.
Journal Article