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"POLLINATORS"
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Our native bees : North America's endangered pollinators and the fight to save them
Our Native Bees is the result of Paige Embry's yearlong quest to learn more about the forgotten, yet fundamental, native bees of North America.
Book
Bees and other pollinators
\"Bees, their life cycle and role in pollination, as well as other types of pollinators. Also a bit about how they are struggling and what you can do to help.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Bending the Curve. Wissen, Handeln, FürSorge für Biodiversität
Im ersten Stock beeindruckt das freundliche Raumambiente des mexikanischen Künstlers Fernando Laposse. Das mehrteilige Gebilde beherbergt eine Art Atelier, im dem die Experimente der Künstlerin mit Seetang - ihr Departement of Seaweed - ausgestellt sind. Damit kann man auf der Website https:// pollinator.art selbst Gärten entwerfen - Gärten, nicht nach menschlichem Geschmack gestaltet, sondern wie sie sich Bestäuber wünschten: mit Blumen, deren Blüten viele verschiedene Formen aufweisen, damit möglichst viele verschiedene Rüssel daran nippen können. Leider stört ihr Gestus des Erklären- und Überzeugenwollens - zum Beispiel die allwissende Voice-over-Stimme in den Videos oder die etwas pathetische Rauminszenierung der Kohlemonolithen mit Textprojektionen - die Singularität der Erfahrung.
Journal Article
Effects of landscape complexity on pollinators are moderated by pollinators’ association with mass-flowering crops
Conserving and restoring semi-natural habitat, i.e. enhancing landscape complexity, is one of the main strategies to mitigate pollinator decline in agricultural landscapes. However, we still have limited understanding of how landscape complexity shapes pollinator communities in both crop and non-crop habitat, and whether pollinator responses to landscape complexity vary with their association with mass-flowering crops. Here, we surveyed pollinator communities on mass-flowering leek crops and in nearby semi-natural habitat in landscapes of varying complexity. Surveys were done before and during crop bloom and distinguished between pollinators that visit the crop frequently (dominant), occasionally (opportunistic), or not at all (non-crop). Forty-seven per cent of the species in the wider landscape were also observed on leek flowers. Crop pollinator richness increased with local pollinator community size and increasing landscape complexity, but relationships were stronger for opportunistic than for dominant crop pollinators. Relationships between pollinator richness in semi-natural habitats and landscape complexity differed between groups with the most pronounced positive effects on non-crop pollinators. Our results indicate that while dominant crop pollinators are core components of crop pollinator communities in all agricultural landscapes, opportunistic crop pollinators largely determine species-richness responses and complex landscapes are local hotspots for both biodiversity conservation and potential ecosystem service provision.
Journal Article
Non-bee insects are important contributors to global crop pollination
Wild and managed bees are well documented as effective pollinators of global crops of economic importance. However, the contributions by pollinators other than bees have been little explored despite their potential to contribute to crop production and stability in the face of environmental change. Non-bee pollinators include flies, beetles, moths, butterflies, wasps, ants, birds, and bats, among others. Here we focus on non-bee insects and synthesize 39 field studies from five continents that directly measured the crop pollination services provided by non-bees, honey bees, and other bees to compare the relative contributions of these taxa. Non-bees performed 25–50% of the total number of flower visits. Although non-bees were less effective pollinators than bees per flower visit, they made more visits; thus these two factors compensated for each other, resulting in pollination services rendered by non-bees that were similar to those provided by bees. In the subset of studies that measured fruit set, fruit set increased with non-bee insect visits independently of bee visitation rates, indicating that non-bee insects provide a unique benefit that is not provided by bees. We also show that non-bee insects are not as reliant as bees on the presence of remnant natural or seminatural habitat in the surrounding landscape. These results strongly suggest that non-bee insect pollinators play a significant role in global crop production and respond differently than bees to landscape structure, probably making their crop pollination services more robust to changes in land use. Non-bee insects provide a valuable service and provide potential insurance against bee population declines.
Journal Article