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"POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT"
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Measurement and Spatiotemporal Variation in High-Quality Population Development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
High-quality population development is a crucial component of high-quality economic growth and holds significant importance for achieving sustainable development goals and advancing the process of modernization with Chinese characteristics. Combining theories of sustainable population development, and starting from the population elements subsystem and the population support subsystem, this study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for high-quality population development by focusing on the following six key dimensions: population size, population quality, population structure, population distribution, population–socioeconomic relations, and population–environment relations. Utilizing the entropy weight–TOPSIS method, the study gauges the extent of high-quality population development within the Yangtze River Economic Belt spanning from 2013 to 2022. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and regional disparities of high-quality population development are depicted using methods such as natural breaks, the Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation, and spatial correlation analysis. Findings reveal the following: (1) The research region demonstrates a notable advancement in high-quality population development, with a gradient structure gradually emerging as “higher in the downstream areas, lower in the upstream regions, and central in the intermediary zones”. (2) The overall disparity exhibits a “V-shaped” upward trend, with significantly higher differences in downstream areas than in upstream and midstream areas. While intra-regional differences are decreasing overall, inter-regional differences are continuously widening, making them the primary driver of the overall disparity. (3) “High–High” and “Low–Low” spatial agglomeration effects are observed in the high-quality population development level within the area of investigation, with a trend towards bipolarization.
Journal Article
Population aging and economic growth: evidence from ASEAN countries
Numerous recent empirical studies underscore the adverse impacts of an aging population on economic growth. This could stem from reduced labor force participation and productivity among older workers, or the potential for aging to result in an imbalance between savings and desired investment, consequently leading to a state of secular stagnation. This study employs the fixed effect model (FEM) and utilizes data from 7 ASEAN countries during the period 2001–2021 to assess the impact of population aging on economic growth. The results clearly indicate that an old-aged dependency harms GDP per capita growth, while the productive young workers in the ASEAN region remain a significant resource for overall economic development and GDP per capita growth. Alongside demographic variables, institutions, investment rates, and trade openness also serve as driving factors in promoting GDP per capita growth. The data also demonstrates that more developed countries will experience population aging at a faster rate. Therefore, the socio-economic development policies of ASEAN countries need to consider changes in population age structure in order to propose appropriate economic strategies for development.
Journal Article
The Dynamics of Migration, Health and Livelihoods
Using INDEPTH's multi-site network to provide new demographic insights into population variables, this book provides a new perspective on migration, health and livelihood's interaction over time. The book starts with providing a conceptual and methodological framework to inform the epidemiological studies that are clustered into two themes, showing the dynamics of migration with either household livelihoods or individual health outcomes. The findings demonstrate the important cross-national regularities in human migration. The contributed chapters also exemplify the fact that the impacts of migration can be either positive or negative for sending and/or receiving communities, depending on the issues at hand and the type of migration under consideration.
eBook
Population development as a driver of coastal risk: Current trends and future pathways
Coastal areas are subject to hazards that can result in severe impacts due to the high concentration of people and assets in exposed locations. While climate-induced sea-level rise will exacerbate these hazards in the course of the 21st century, future dynamics in socioeconomic development will play an important role in driving impacts – as well as adaptation responses – in particular in countries with rapid population growth in low-lying coastal areas. Here, we synthesize the current state of knowledge related to current and future population development in coastal locations and the underlying trends in socioeconomic development affecting coastal impacts at continental to global scales. Currently, 2.15 billion people live in the near-coastal zone and 898 million in the low-elevation coastal zone globally. These numbers could increase to 2.9 billion and 1.2 billion, respectively, depending on the socioeconomic scenario (i.e., Shared Socioeconomic Pathway [SSP]) considered. Nevertheless, although these numbers indicate a rapid increase in exposure of population and assets to coastal hazards, they bear limited information about the actual impacts as they do not include information on the vulnerability of coastal population. Based on these insights, we stress the need to account for dynamics in socioeconomic development in coastal risk assessments, including exposure as well as vulnerability, and additionally exploring potential feedbacks due to adaptation responses and migration decisions. Last, we propose action points for future work that can inform long-term coastal planning for managing coastal risks.
Journal Article
Reproductive Health and Human Rights
Reproductive Health and Human Rights: The Way Forwardcritically reflects on the past fifteen years of international efforts aimed at improving health, alleviating poverty, diminishing gender inequality, and promoting human rights. The volume includes essays by leading scholars and practitioners that are centered on the 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) and its resulting Programme of Action. ICPD, an agreement among 179 governments, UN agencies, and NGOs, was intended to shape population and development policy-reinterpreted and redefined as \"reproductive health.\" More than a decade after the enthusiasm that accompanied ICPD, there is growing concern about its effectiveness in the context of global health and development.Reproductive Health and Human Rightsaddresses that concern. The book grapples with fundamental questions about the relationships among population, fertility decline, reproductive health, human rights, poverty alleviation, and development and assesses the various arguments-demographic, public health, human rights-based, and economic-for and against ICPD today. A number of the chapters address institutional challenges to ICPD and consider how the changing political, religious, academic, and disciplinary contexts matter. Other chapters engage operational and conceptual issues and whether ICPD has been able to move the reproductive health agenda forward on topics such as maternal mortality, abortion, HIV/AIDS, adolescents, reproductive technologies, and demography. Finally, several chapters examine how ICPD has been sidelined by emerging health and development agendas and what could be done in response. Unlike any book yet published,Reproductive Health and Human Rights: The Way Forwardexamines the state of the arguments for reproductive health and rights from a multidisciplinary perspective that provides policymakers, scholars, and activists with a better understanding of how reproductive health and rights have developed, their place in the global policy agenda, and how they might evolve most effectively in the future.
eBook