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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought massive online activities and increased cybersecurity incidents and cybercrime. As a result of this, the cyber reputation of organisations has also received increased scrutiny and global attention. Due to increased cybercrime, reputation displaying a more important role within risk management frameworks both within public and private institutions is vital. This study identifies key factors in determining reputational damage to public and private sector institutions through cyberattacks. Researchers conducted an extensive review of the literature, which addresses factors relating to risk management of reputation post-cyber breach. The study identified 42 potential factors, which were then classified using the STAR model. This model is an organisational design framework and was suitable due to its alignment with organisations. A qualitative study using semi-structured and structured questions was conducted with purposively selected cybersecurity experts in both public and private sector institutions. Data obtained from the expert forum were analysed using thematic analysis, which revealed that a commonly accepted definition for cyber reputation was lacking despite the growing use of the term “online reputation”. In addition, the structured questions data were analysed using relative importance index rankings. The analysis results revealed significant factors in determining reputational damage due to cyberattacks, as well as highlighting reputation factor discrepancies between private and public institutions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the body of knowledge relating to cybersecurity of organisations. Practically, this research is expected to aid organisations to properly position themselves to meet cyber incidents and become more competitive in the post-COVID-19 era.

Enhancing the role of private sector partners in education can lead to significant improvements in education service delivery. However, the realization of such benefits depends in great part on the design of the partnership between the public and private sectors, on the overall regulatory framework of the country, and on the governmental capacity to oversee and enforce its contracts with the private sector. Under the right terms, private sector participation in education can increase efficiency, choice, and access to education services, particularly for students who tend to fail in traditional education settings. Private-for-profit schools across the world are already serving a vast range of usersâ€\"from elite families to children in poor communities. Through balanced public-private partnerships (PPPs) in education, governments can leverage the specialized skills offered by private organizations as well as overcome operating restrictions such as salary scales and work rules that limit public sector responses. 'The Role and Impact of Public-Private Partnerships in Education' presents a conceptualization of the issues related to PPPs in education, a detailed review of rigorous evaluations, and guidleines on how to create successful PPPs. The book shows how this approach can facilitate service delivery, lead to additional financing, expand equitable access, and improve learning outcomes. The book also discusses the best way to set up these arrangements in practice. This information will be of particular interest to policymakers, teachers, researchers, and development practitioners.

Legacy of statehood is seen as a positive influence on economic growth and development. The state antiquity literature argues that the more experience a country has with state institutions, the more beneficial the current state’s impact on development can be. While not discounting the advantages that a well-functioning state can provide for economic progress, we draw attention to an alternate mechanism: the presence of private institutions and practices that may contribute to both state formation and economic development. Rather than state antiquity being the lone cause of economic progress, states may benefit from already existing configurations of rules and conventions that were developed privately. Thus, we argue that order can precede and coincide with the state. We support our claim with qualitative evidence using historical case studies.

This study aims to distinguish the Quality Assurance Effectiveness (QAE) and the performance of public and private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), analysing the individual and combined effects of QAE on institutional performance. The originality of this study lies in three main aspects: first, it investigates the current state of QAE and HEIs performance, filling a gap in the literature by comparing them between public and private institutions; second, it addresses the lack of evidence on QAE as a predictor of HEIs performance, exploring its impact from the perspectives of faculty members; third, it applies Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to data collected from Portuguese higher education institutions, revealing significant differences between public and private institutions in both Quality Assurance Effectiveness (QAE) and performance outcomes. The results indicate that management support, faculty engagement, and infrastructure quality are key factors for QAE, positively impacting the performance of HEIs, particularly in research and teaching/learning areas. This study contributes to the literature by providing quantitative evidence on the relationship between QAE and institutional performance. The findings also highlight that the adoption of quality practices by HEIs is influenced by external pressures and the need for legitimacy, as described by the neo-institutional theory. Management implications include strengthening leadership, consolidating quality culture, investing in infrastructure, and promoting faculty development.

This book investigates trends in skills demand and supply over the past two decades for insights into ways to build (and use) the critical skills needed to sustain competitiveness of the Philippine economy. Part one of the book investigates trends in demand for skills in the country overall and by sectors, explores its possible determinants, and attempts to identify emerging skills gaps. Part two turns to the analysis of the supply of skills in the country with a focus on the ability of education and training to provide highly skilled labor, keeping workers' skills updated, and providing skills development opportunities for the unskilled. It explores employers' perceptions on the quality of institutions and provides detailed analysis of the main characteristics, outcomes, and challenges in four key (or growing) subsectors of the provision of skills in the country: higher education, postsecondary technical-vocational education, non-formal secondary education, and postemployment training. It concludes with a summary of policy recommendations.

Governments are becoming increasingly aware of the important contribution that high performance, world-class universities make to global competitiveness and economic growth. There is growing recognition, in both industrial and developing countries, of the need to establish one or more world-class universities that can compete effectively with the best of the best around the world. Contextualizing the drive for world-class higher education institutions and the power of international and domestic university rankings, this book outlines possible strategies and pathways for establishing globally competitive universities and explores the challenges, costs, and risks involved. Its findings will be of particular interest to policy makers, university leaders, researchers, and development practitioners.

O artigo discute importante mudança na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional brasileira, ocorrida por meio da Lei Federal 13.868/2019, que desenquadrou as instituições de ensino comunitárias da categoria das instituições privadas, criando uma nova categorização ao lado das escolas públicas e privadas, as comunitárias, ao mesmo tempo que omite explicitar a existência de escolas privadas de natureza lucrativa. Buscou-se, por meio de análise documental, tendo como fontes a legislação e a historiografia da educação brasileira, apontar os atores por trás desta mudança e suas possíveis consequências, sobretudo a indução de políticas privatistas no que tange à divisão do fundo público.

The publication output from Indian institutions has been steadily increasing during the last few years. This may be attributed to the higher investment in research and also linking the number of publications with career advancement. There is a need to analyse the publication output of Indian institutions in terms of quality of publications. In this study, output in the top 10 percentile, as computed by SciVal (a product of Elsevier), has been used as an indicator of the quality of research output, since it reflects the percentage of an institution's publication in the top 10 percentile of the most cited articles. Out of the 15 subject areas listed in SciVal, 7 contribute to more than 65% of publications from Indian institutions. Accordingly, Indian institutions with output in the top 10 percentile greater than the national average in these 7 major subject areas have been identified to compare their research output in terms of quality.

The performance of tertiary educational institutions is heavily influenced by their governance arrangements, management structures, accountability mechanisms, and regulatory environments. 'Legal Frameworks for Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa' analyzes 70 examples of tertiary education legislation and individual statutes of selected public institutions in 24 Sub-Saharan African countries. It identifies the range of formal governance and management practices for university educational systems set forth in these legal documents. These factors are fundamental for determining the responsiveness, adaptability, and flexibility of tertiary education systems, and ultimately the capacity of these systems to manage change and maintain relevance under continually shifting circumstances. Overall, the analysis finds general tendencies to increase institutional autonomy, to strengthen accountability mechanisms, to shift from appointment to elective representation in the filling of higher governance and management positions, and to expand university links with civil society, the private sector, and regional and international institutions.

This work addresses the importance of food and nutrition in promoting the health of the elderly population, with a specific focus on the qualitative evaluation of menus provided by a social solidarity institution in Portugal. The aim of this study is to conduct a qualitative evaluation of menus furnished by a social solidarity institution situated in the northern region of Portugal in order to prevent and/or treat malnutrition in the elderly. The methodology involves the evaluation of four weekly menus, totaling 28 complete daily menus for the elderly, using the Avaliacao Qualitativa de Ementas Destinadas a Idosos (AQEDI) tool. This assessment tool comprises six domains: general items, soup, protein suppliers, carbohydrate suppliers, vegetable suppliers, and dessert, each consisting of various parameters. The findings reveal that all menus were classified as acceptable, with percentages ranging from 60.73% to 68.84%, and suggest that there exists room for improvement. This study emphasizes the necessity for coordinated efforts within the institution to enhance menu planning, taking into account both nutritional guidelines and sensory aspects of food. Effective coordination within the institution is crucial for maintaining positive aspects and rectifying inadequacies in menu planning.