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"PRIVATE PARTICIPATION"
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The role and impact of public-private partnerships in education
Enhancing the role of private sector partners in education can lead to significant improvements in education service delivery. However, the realization of such benefits depends in great part on the design of the partnership between the public and private sectors, on the overall regulatory framework of the country, and on the governmental capacity to oversee and enforce its contracts with the private sector. Under the right terms, private sector participation in education can increase efficiency, choice, and access to education services, particularly for students who tend to fail in traditional education settings. Private-for-profit schools across the world are already serving a vast range of usersâ€\"from elite families to children in poor communities. Through balanced public-private partnerships (PPPs) in education, governments can leverage the specialized skills offered by private organizations as well as overcome operating restrictions such as salary scales and work rules that limit public sector responses. 'The Role and Impact of Public-Private Partnerships in Education' presents a conceptualization of the issues related to PPPs in education, a detailed review of rigorous evaluations, and guidleines on how to create successful PPPs. The book shows how this approach can facilitate service delivery, lead to additional financing, expand equitable access, and improve learning outcomes. The book also discusses the best way to set up these arrangements in practice. This information will be of particular interest to policymakers, teachers, researchers, and development practitioners.
eBook
Corruption and Private Participation Projects in Central and Eastern Europe
This paper investigates the role of host-country corruption in private participation projects in emerging markets. Privatization activities, especially in infrastructure development, were traditionally inaccessible to multinational enterprises, but they are nowadays encouraged in many countries. Prior literature on corruption finds two contradictory (\"grease\" and \"sand\") results when examining the consequences of corruption on investments. Drawing on a sample of 1185 projects from 1997 to 2013 in 18 Central and Eastern European Countries, our results show that higher levels of host-country corruption are associated with greater probabilities of failure. Our results also show that including local investors in the ownership structure of the project weakens the negative effect of corruption by reducing the liability of foreignness. In contrast, being a publicly traded project has no moderating effect in the effect of corruption in this region. Therefore, our results highlight that not all common strategies to deal with corruption are equally effective in this region.
Journal Article
Government and NGOs in South Asia : local collaboration in Bangladesh
\"This book analyses Bangladeshi government efforts to strengthen local governance and identifies the challenges posed by a collaboration with NGOs. Presenting a dominantly qualitative study, the analysis explores whether engagement between the Sharique strengthening local governance project and the Union Parishads has translated into success. In so doing, it argues that evidence points to a positive impact on institutionalising good governance and fiscal autonomy through widening participation in planning and decision-making, reinforcing accountability of functionaries and enhancing tax collection. Furthermore, this book demonstrates that the collaboration has aided the process of development of social capital between officials of councils and NGOs, and among the community members, encouraging future partnership governance. However, with phasing out of the project as a propelling force, it also shows that the results fall short of being sustainable and as such statuary support, unequivocal political commitment and incentivising engagements are required to stabilise outcomes. Bridging a gap in the Development Studies literature, this book presents new findings on the collaboration of NGOs at the local level. It will be of interest to academics working in the field of South Asian Studies, Development Studies and Asian Politics\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Enhancing environmental performance in the OECD nations through financial inclusion, digital innovation and effective governance
Purpose This study is important in measuring the role of investment in information and communication technology (ICT), financial inclusion and governance indicators on environmental performance in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) economies. Hence, this study aims to explore the strategies for decarbonization and improve sustainable development through technological innovation and governance improvement. Design/methodology/approach This study used the pool mean group–autoregressive distributed lag methodology to measure the short- and long-term effects of ICT investment, financial inclusion and governance indicators on environmental performance. It covered data from 1991 to 2022 from 25 OECD countries. Findings This study observed stationarity of the variables at the first difference, weak correlation between the variables, strong cross-section dependency and cointegration among the variables. The findings also observed that investment in ICT with private participation, financial inclusion, rule of law and government effectiveness significantly decline the level of CO2 emission both in the short and long term. Besides, voice and accountability increase the level of CO2 emission and strongly affect the environmental performance of OECD economies. Practical implications Policymakers of the OECD countries can improve environmental performance by encouraging ICT investment, expanding financial inclusion and improving the governance frameworks. Policymakers must initiate by encouraging green finance, improving resource efficiency and efficient waste management can raise the environmental performance. The adverse effect of voice and accountability on environmental performance needs refining governance frameworks to support them with environmental goals. Originality/value This study provides a new insight into the existing literature by incorporating ICT investment, financial inclusion and governance indicators in a unified framework for improving environmental performance. This study provides a new perspective on how the selected variable plays a significant role in decarbonization and achieving sustainable development. This study also provides a framework for decision-makers to combat climatic issues by improvising good governance.
Journal Article
Infrastructure development and external financing nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa: Panel VECM analysis
Research background: It is evident that relying solely on domestic financing cannot bridge the infrastructure gap in the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) region. Therefore, exploring alternative sources of financing becomes crucial to complement domestic efforts and address the infrastructure needs effectively.Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between infrastructure development and external financing factors (foreign direct investment – FDI, private participation in infrastructure – PPI, and official development assistance – ODA) by considering the short- and long-run equilibrium and their causal direction.Research methodology: These objectives are achieved by employing the panel vector error correction mechanism (PVECM ), impulse response functions (IRF), variance decomposition analysis (VDCs), and VAR causality on a dataset covering 43 SSA countries from 2000 to 2021.Results: The results reveal the presence of feedback causal relationships between infrastructure development and external financing factors, and PVECM results demonstrate that only private participation in infrastructure has a positive influence on infrastructure development both in the long and short-run, while ODA and FDI only influence infrastructure development in the long- run.Novelty: The current study contributes to the existing literature by examining the impact of external financing factors on infrastructure development, with a specific focus on SSA, by considering the three major external financing factors (PPI, FDI, and ODA) as the determinants of infrastructure.
Journal Article
The multi-faceted impact of host country risk on the success of private participation in infrastructure projects
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the multi-faceted impact of host country risks on the success of private participation in infrastructure projects. The authors make a distinction between exogenous and endogenous risks, differentiating those that are completely beyond the control of the firm from those in which firms might exert some degree of influence to reduce the negative repercussions.
Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on logistic regression analyses, the authors analyze a sample of 10,350 private participation in infrastructure projects in 126 countries from 1997 to 2014.
Findings
The authors find that higher levels of exogenous risk are associated with a lower probability of project success, whereas they find no significant effect for endogenous risk.
Originality/value
By pointing to this differential effect, this study makes a contribution to the current debate in the literature on private participation projects.
Journal Article
An enhanced framework for reliably managing private participation in infrastructure ICT projects in developing countries
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose an improved framework for managing Private Participation in Infrastructure ICT (PPI-ICT) projects in the context of developing countries as the requirements to manage them are different in several aspects.Design/methodology/approachThe framework has been proposed based on an exhaustive literature review and statistical analysis of the PPI-ICT projects’ data set using logistic regression, F-test and student’s t-test. The proposed framework was also applied to the PPI-ICT projects.FindingsThe framework is an extension to NTCP (novelty, technology, complexity and pace) approach by including extrinsic factors such as income of the country, climate risk, religious diversity, political stability, regularity quality and control of corruption. The proposed framework was used to analyze project characteristics and their external conditions in the context of developing countries. Based on the analyses, the authors have presented a detailed set of recommendations for project managers, practitioners and governments to improve the success rate of these projects.Originality/valueThe major contribution of this study is the framework, which encompasses the NTCP model as well as extrinsic characteristics of PPI-ICT projects. The proposed framework is meant to assist the project managers to comprehend the project characteristics and its external environment to identify an adequate approach for managing projects successfully.
Journal Article
Climate risk and private participation projects in infrastructure
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of climate risk on the success vs failure of foreign direct investments (FDIs) in private participation infrastructure (PPI) projects. The authors also consider the extent to which project-level characteristics mitigate such risks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors study a sample from the World Bank covering 18,846 projects in 111 countries from 2004 to 2013. The authors apply logistic regressions to determine the impact of climate risk and mitigating project characteristics on project failure.FindingsThe authors find that higher levels of climate risk at the host country level are associated with higher risk of project failure. The authors also find that the disadvantage of higher climate risk is weakened by two project-level characteristics, namely, the inclusion of host government ownership in the project consortium and the size of the project.Originality/valueThe research contributes to the current debate about the impact of climate risks on international business ventures. The authors demonstrate that climate risk is a locational disadvantage for FDI in PPI projects. The authors establish that the “fittest” projects in locations characterized by higher climate risk tend to be those that involve host government participation in their ownership structure as well as those of larger sizes.
Journal Article