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Production and Consumption in English Households, 1600-1750
This economic, social and cultural analysis of the nature and variety of production and consumption activities in households in Kent and Cornwall yields important new insights on the transition to capitalism in England.
eBook
ROBOTS AT WORK
We analyze for the first time the economic contributions of modern industrial robots, which are flexible, versatile, and autonomous machines. We use novel panel data on robot adoption within industries in seventeen countries from 1993 to 2007 and new instrumental variables that rely on robots’ comparative advantage in specific tasks. Our findings suggest that increased robot use contributed approximately 0.36 percentage points to annual labor productivity growth, while at the same time raising total factor productivity and lowering output prices. Our estimates also suggest that robots did not significantly reduce total employment, although they did reduce low-skilled workers’ employment share.
Journal Article
Forest growth and yield modeling
\"Completely updated and expanded new edition of this widely cited book, Modelling Forest Growth and Yield, 2nd Edition synthesizes current scientific literature, provides insights in how models are constructed, gives suggestions for future developments, and outlines keys for successful implementation of models.The book describes current modeling approaches for predicting forest growth and yield and explores the components that comprise the various modeling approaches. It provides the reader with the tools for evaluating and calibrating growth and yield models and outlines the steps necessary for developing a forest growth and yield model\"--
eBook
Does the United States Have a Productivity Slowdown or a Measurement Problem?
After 2004, measured growth in labor productivity and total factor productivity slowed. We find little evidence that this slowdown arises from growing mismeasurement of the gains from innovation in information technology-related goods and services. First, the mismeasurement of information technology hardware is significant preceding the slowdown. Because the domestic production of these products has fallen, the quantitative effect on productivity was larger in the 1995-2004 period than since then, despite mismeasurement worsening for some types of information technology. Hence, our adjustments make the slowdown in labor productivity worse. The effect on total factor productivity is more muted. Second, many of the tremendous consumer benefits from the \"new\" economy such as smartphones, Google searches, and Facebook are, conceptually, nonmarket: Consumers are more productive in using their nonmarket time to produce services they value. These benefits raise consumer well-being but do not imply that market sector production functions are shifting out more rapidly than measured. Moreover, estimated gains in nonmarket production are too small to compensate for the loss in overall well-being from slower market sector productivity growth. In addition to information technology, other measurement issues that we can quantify (such as increasing globalization and fracking) are also quantitatively small relative to the slowdown.
Journal Article
Proactive personality and behavior for individual and organizational productivity
This comprehensive book describes how proactive behavior, driven by a proactive personality, contributes to individual and organizational productivity. A consolidation of available research on the nature of proactivity in the workplace, this book explores methods of helping workers themselves become more effective, and managers understand effective ways of fostering this kind of thinking and behavior. Proactive behavior can achieve important outcomes, including improved job performance and satisfaction, career success and organizational prosperity. Andrew J. DuBrin outlines a number of useful strategies in areas such as opportunity creation, innovation, entrepreneurship and problem solving. Each chapter includes examples from firms and other organizations, as well as a self-quiz or checklist linked to the subject material. This book is an essential guide for academics in the fields of organizational behavior, industrial and organizational psychology, and human resource management. Presented in a user-friendly, accessible style, Proactive Personality and Behavior for Individual and Organizational Productivity will also be of interest to researchers, managers, and corporate professionals looking for ways to foster proactivity among workers, in order to enhance performance and productivity.
Book
The Productivity Gap between Europe and the United States: Trends and Causes
Since the mid-1990s, labor productivity growth in Europe has significantly slowed compared to earlier decades. In contrast, labor productivity growth in the United States accelerated, so that a new productivity gap has opened up. This paper shows that this development is attributable to the slower emergence of the knowledge economy in Europe. We consider various explanations which are not mutually exclusive. These include lower growth contributions from investment in information and communication technology; the small share of information and communications technology–producing industries in Europe; and slower multifactor productivity growth, which proxies for advances in technology and innovation. Underlying these are issues related to the functioning of European labor markets and the high level of product market regulation in Europe. The paper emphasizes the key role of market service sectors in accounting for the productivity growth divergence between the two regions. We argue that improved productivity growth in Europe's market services will be needed to avoid a further widening of the productivity gap.
Journal Article