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"PROJECT EVALUATION"
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Patterns of behavioural preferences in innovation and project activities
PurposeIn today’s world, high-quality economic development is possible through innovative entrepreneurial activity, which has led to the creation of various kinds of innovation infrastructure facilities that support future high-tech projects. However, the system of selecting start-ups to populate and produce for such organisations does not take into account several factors that exert strong influence on the success of an innovative entrepreneurial project. In this article, the author presents the developed multi-factor methodology of project scoring, which is recommended for use both at the initial stage and in the process of development and implementation of innovative idea.Design/methodology/approachThe suggested multi-factor methodology is both a qualitative and quantitative methodology that allows evaluation of proposed projects by taking into account individual goals of the innovation infrastructure, serving as a flexible tool for analysing project potential and taking into account the model of human behavioural preferences as a key driver of economic activities.Findings As a result of the first (qualitative) stage of the study, the author confirmed the hypothesis that the theoretical model of behavioural preferences corresponds to the demonstrated behavioural characteristics of reference respondents. As a result of the second (quantitative) phase of the research, the author conducted a survey of business incubator residents claiming one of the four models of behavioural preferences, followed by quantitative analysis to determine the extent to which the demonstrated behavioural traits of the respondents correspond to those presented in the theoretical model. The results of the second stage of the study were used in the final scoring of start-ups to identify the most promising projects in terms of development.Originality/value The project scoring methodology was tested in two of the largest business incubators in St. Petersburg and clearly demonstrated that the use of qualitative indicators significantly increases the ability of incubator experts to make decisions regarding incoming project information.
Journal Article
Current issues in project analysis for development
This major work brings together authors with experience of both academic and operational project work to focus on issues such as the shadow exchange rate, the shadow wage, the discount rate and assessment of poverty impact and risk, as well as problems relating to specific sectors covering environmental projects, transport, education and health. There are also general chapters on the experience of semi-input--output-based estimation of shadow prices and the relevance of shadow pricing techniques to the context of developed economies in the EU. An overview by the editors sets out the evolution of the literature and highlights current issues. The general conclusion is that project analysis techniques remain relevant, albeit within a very different development context to that in which they were originally envisaged to be applied.
Book
Lessons lost: Lack of requirements for post‐project evaluation and reporting is hindering evidence‐based conservation
For conservation to be based on evidence, the outcomes of conservation actions need to be shared. The European Union (EU) is a major funder of conservation action in Europe through the well‐studied LIFE program. Less well‐known, but also funding substantial conservation action, is the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Through a systematic review of conservation projects funded by LIFE and ERDF, we identify substantial expenditure on biodiversity conservation (€1300 M and €760 M between 2014 and 2024 respectively). We explore the extent to which LIFE and ERDF contribute to building an evidence base about the effectiveness of conservation actions. There were differences between LIFE and ERDF in the extent to which documentation about the project was publicly available (89% and 26% respectively), and large differences in whether any form of project evaluation was available (63% and 5% respectively). A possible explanation for these results is differing funder requirements regarding the monitoring and reporting of project implementation and outcomes. We explore funder requirements across a sample of other conservation funders and suggest how changes could incentivize higher quality sharing of project outcomes. This would expand the evidence base needed to improve the effectiveness of conservation actions. The results of conservation efforts must be shared for conservation to be based on evidence. The European Union provides significant funding for conservation through its LIFE program and the lesser‐known European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (€1300 M and €760 M between 2014 and 2024 respectively). We conducted a systematic review and found stark differences between the degree to which any documentation is publicly available (89% and 26% respectively) or project evaluation information (63% and 5% respectively). This is likely due to different monitoring and reporting requirements. We explored and compared the different requirements across a sample of conservation funders, highlighting the current barriers hindering evaluation. We conclude by suggesting changes that can incentivize higher quality sharing of project outcomes.
Journal Article
Understanding absences and ambiguities of Post-decision Project Evaluation in the UK's PPPs: drawing from the sociology of ignorance
PurposeThe authors explore the under-researched area of post-decision evaluation in PPPs (public–private partnerships), focusing upon how and whether Post-decision Project Evaluation (PdPE) is considered and provided for in United Kingdom (UK) public infrastructure projects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors’ research design sought insights from overviewing UK PPP planning and more focused exploration of PPP operational practice. The authors combine the extensive analysis of planning documents for operational UK PPP projects with interviews of different stakeholders in PPP projects in one city. Mobilising an open critical perspective, documents were analysed using ethnographic content analysis (ECA) and interviews were analysed using thematic analysis consistent therewith. The authors theorise the absence and ambiguities of PdPE drawing on the sociology of ignorance.FindingsThe authors find a long-standing absence and lack of PdPE in PPP projects throughout planning and operational practice, reflecting a dynamic, multi-faceted ignorance. Concerning planning practice, the authors’ documentary analysis evidences a trend in PdPE from its absence in the early years (which may indicate some natural or genuine ignorance) to different levels or forms of weak inclusion later. Regarding this inclusion, the authors find strategic ignorance played a substantive role, involving “deliberate engineering” by both public sector and private partners. Interview findings indicate lack of clarity over PdPE and its under-development in PPP practice, deficiencies again suggestive of natural and strategic ignorance.Originality/valueThe authors draw from the sociology of ignorance vis-à-vis accounting's absence and ambiguity in the context of PPP, contributing to an under-researched area.
Journal Article
Building evidence on what works (and what does not): practical guidance from the World Health Organization on post-project evaluation of adolescent sexual and reproductive health projects
Over the past 25 years, there has been significant progress in increasing the recognition of, resources for, and action on adolescent health, and adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) in particular. As with numerous other health areas, however, many of the projects that aim to improve ASRH are implemented without well-thought-out plans for evaluation. As a result, the lessons that projects learn as they encounter and address policy and programmatic challenges are often not extracted and placed in the public arena. In such cases, post-project evaluation (PPE) offers the possibility to generate learnings about what works (and does not work), to complement prospective studies of new or follow-on projects. To fill the gap in the literature and guidance on PPE, the World Health Organization developed The project has ended, but we can still learn from it! Practical guidance for conducting post-project evaluations of adolescent sexual and reproductive health projects. This article provides an overview of the guidance by outlining key methodological and contextual challenges in conducting PPE, as well as illustrative solutions for responding to them.
Journal Article
Construction of Analogy Indicator System and Machine-Learning-Based Optimization of Analogy Methods for Oilfield Development Projects
Oil and gas development is characterized by high technical complexity, strong interdisciplinarity, long investment cycles, and significant uncertainty. To meet the need for quick evaluation of overseas oilfield projects with limited data and experience, this study develops an analogy indicator system and tests multiple machine-learning algorithms on two analogy tasks to identify the optimal method. Using an initial set of basic indicators and a database of 1436 oilfield samples, a combined subjective–objective weighting strategy that integrates statistical methods with expert judgment is used to select, classify, and assign weights to the indicators. This process results in 26 key indicators for practical analogy analysis. Single-indicator and whole-asset analogy experiments are then performed with five standard machine-learning algorithms—support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), backpropagation neural network (BP), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and decision tree (DT). Results show that SVM achieves classification accuracies of 86% and 95% in medium-high permeability sandstone oilfields, respectively, greatly surpassing other methods. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed indicator system and methodology, providing efficient and objective technical support for evaluating and making decisions on overseas oilfield development projects.
Journal Article
A Machine Learning and Large Language Model-Integrated Approach to Research Project Evaluation
Research project evaluation upon completion is one of the important tasks for research management in government funding agencies and research institutions. Due to the increased number of funded projects, it is hard to find qualified reviewers in the same research disciplines. This paper proposes a machine learning and large language model integrated approach to provide decision support for research project evaluation. Machine learning algorithms are proposed to compute the weights of key performance indicators (KPIs) and scores of KPIs based on the evaluation results of completed projects, large language models are used to summarize research contributions or findings on project reports. Then domain experts are invited to consolidate the weights and scores for the KPIs and assess the novelty and impact of research contribution or findings. Experiments have been conducted in practical settings and the results have shown that the proposed method can greatly improve research management efficiency and provide more consistent evaluation results on funded research projects.
Journal Article
Group decision-making based on last aggregation approach under interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy environment for sustainable project decision
Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets (IVPFSs) as an enhanced type of Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets (PFSs) improve the expression of membership, non-membership, and hesitancy degrees, compared to Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (IFSs). In order to benefit from the advantages of IVPFSs, the current research proposes a new group decisionmaking method based on Linear Assignment Method (LAM). In this approach, both subjective and objective weights of criteria were taken into account. Moreover, the proposed method applied a new ranking method for IVPFSs. To avoid the shortcomings of the first aggregation methods, the introduced decision-making approach focused on the last aggregation approach. Finally, the method was used in a case study of sustainable project evaluation in order to depict the applicability of this method.
Journal Article