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HSPA+ Evolution to Release 12
A comprehensive reference book providing an in-depth presentation of HSPA+ evolution, network planning and optimization, and terminal design solutions. Headed by the successful editing team of Holma, Toskala, and Tapia, industry experts look at HSPA evolution from 3GPP Release 7 to Release 12. The presentation covers MIMO antenna solutions, multicarrier evolution, Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC), high speed common channels, and HSDPA Multiflow. The network optimization is based on extensive field experience from high loaded HSPA+networks to show solutions for maximizing data rates, minimizing interference, managing multiband deployments, heterogeneous networks, and optimizing spectrum refarming. The smartphone section shows the impact of the operating system and application on the network data and signaling traffic and on the end user performance. The terminal RF chapter gives a detailed explanation of the latest implementation solutions for multimode and multiband terminals with a special focus on power consumption minimization. The book assumes a basic understanding of mobile communications yet the material is presented in an understandable way and can be enjoyed without any pre-information about technology solutions.
eBook
Fuzzy Interference System based Link Failure prediction in MANET
Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) contains wireless mobile nodes establishing a short-term network lacking the assistance of individual structure. Owing to the nodes mobility, such mobile nodes are auto-configuring also auto-organizing. In MANETs, approaches are essential to discover definite routes among the sender to receiver. One important concern for routing in MANET is how to choose a quality link route that can last longer because mobility may reason links to break regularly. To solve this issue, in this approach, a Fuzzy Interference System based Link quality prediction (FLQP) in MANET is proposed. In this approach, select the intermediate CH using Fuzzy Interference System (FIS) is predicting the sensor link quality by Received Signal Strength (RSS), Communication range (CR), Remaining Energy (RE), packet transmission rate (PTR) parameters. This FIS can be utilized to extend a metric for path selection in terms of link quality that can improve the network performance as to be exposed by the simulation results.
Journal Article
Energy-efficient offloading and resource allocation for mobile edge computing enabled mission-critical internet-of-things systems
The energy cost minimization for mission-critical internet-of-things (IoT) in mobile edge computing (MEC) system is investigated in this work. Therein, short data packets are transmitted between the IoT devices and the access points (APs) to reduce transmission latency and prolong the battery life of the IoT devices. The effects of short-packet transmission on the radio resource allocation is explicitly revealed. We mathematically formulate the energy cost minimization problem as a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem, which is difficult to solve in an optimal way. More specifically, the difficulty is essentially derived from the coupling of the binary offloading variables and the resource management among all the IoT devices. For analytical tractability, we decouple the mixed-integer and non-convex optimization problem into two sub-problems, namely, the task offloading decision-making and the resource optimization problems, respectively. It is proved that the resource allocation problem for IoT devices under the fixed offloading strategy is convex. On this basis, an iterative algorithm is designed, whose performance is comparable to the best solution for exhaustive search, and aims to jointly optimize the offloading strategy and resource allocation. Simulation results verify the convergence performance and energy-saving function of the designed joint optimization algorithm. Compared with the extensive baselines under comprehensive parameter settings, the algorithm has better energy-saving effects.
Journal Article
Rudiment of energy internet: coordinated power dispatching of intra- and inter-local area packetised-power networks
Local area packetised-power network (LAPPN) provides flexible local power dispatching in the future energy internet. With interconnections among multiple LAPPNs, power dispatching can be further extended to intra- and inter-LAPPN power interchanges. It becomes a significant issue to schedule the two kinds of power interchanges as, from a system perspective high utilisation of available scheduling time slots and low overall transmission loss should be guaranteed, and from a subscriber perspective a high scheduled ratio of transmission requests with a fair transmission sequence in terms of transmission urgency is expected. To this end, the authors propose a cooperative power dispatching framework for connected LAPPNs, including subscriber matching and coordinated power transmission scheduling. The former matches subscribers from different LAPPNs, considering both subscriber preferences and power transmission loss. The latter coordinates the intra- and inter-LAPPN power packet transmission to maximise the amount of energy delivered with guaranteed fairness on user urgency. Simulation results of a two-LAPPN system are provided, which demonstrate that the proposed framework can achieve effective and efficient power dispatching in terms of the mentioned concerns, and reveal facts on ideal system capacity and how to manipulate the proportions of the two kinds of transmissions according to the network status.
Journal Article
Low-Latency Short-Packet Transmission over a Large Spatial Scale
Short-packet transmission has attracted considerable attention due to its potential to achieve ultralow latency in automated driving, telesurgery, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), and other applications emerging in the coming era of the Six-Generation (6G) wireless networks. In 6G systems, a paradigm-shifting infrastructure is anticipated to provide seamless coverage by integrating low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks, which enable long-distance wireless relaying. However, how to efficiently transmit short packets over a sizeable spatial scale remains open. In this paper, we are interested in low-latency short-packet transmissions between two distant nodes, in which neither propagation delay, nor propagation loss can be ignored. Decode-and-forward (DF) relays can be deployed to regenerate packets reliably during their delivery over a long distance, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss. However, they also cause decoding delay in each hop, the sum of which may become large and cannot be ignored given the stringent latency constraints. This paper presents an optimal relay deployment to minimize the error probability while meeting both the latency and transmission power constraints. Based on an asymptotic analysis, a theoretical performance bound for distant short-packet transmission is also characterized by the optimal distance–latency–reliability tradeoff, which is expected to provide insights into designing integrated LEO satellite communications in 6G.
Journal Article
Defending Against Flooding Attacks in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks Based on Statistical Analysis
Due to their specific structure and plenty of their utilization, mobile ad-hoc networks are vulnerable to various attacks. An attack which impacts on network layer is referred to as flooding attack. By transmitting several packets, this attack occupies the processor so that it cannot receive the remaining data and packets. Hence, it causes disruption and disorder in the network. In this paper, for preventing this problem, a method has been proposed based on DSR routing protocol which quickly identifies the flooding attack. Indeed, the proposed method not only identifies and detects the malicious nodes in comparison with valid and proper nodes but also imposes sufficient penalties and reconsiders it again. The method proposed in this paper is called defending against flooding attacks-dynamic source routing. At the outset, it detects misbehavior in the network; then, for discovering malicious nodes, it uses average packet transmission RREQ which measures average transmission route request (RREQ) packets. The results of simulating the proposed method in NS-2 environment indicated that it improved packet delivery rate and end-to-end delay.
Journal Article
Reliable packet transmission in WBAN with dynamic and optimized QoS using multi-objective lion cooperative hunt optimizer
Recent studies demonstrate that handling a patient’s health-related data needs dynamic Quality of Service (QoS) to cope up with significant changes in the functioning of a Patient Monitoring Wireless Body Area Network (PA-WBAN). This kind of system demands a remarkable improvement in the QoS as it is dealing with the reliable transmission of a large volume of assorted data in a frequently changing environment. The QoS in a PA-WBAN is not only about how it senses or reads data from various body parts but is how it deciphers the sensed data. In the patient monitoring system, if the required data is not available in a readable format or not in a specific time, then this data becomes useless and is of no use. However, to harmonize these requirements, two approaches are proposed in this paper. The first protocol is developed for obtaining dynamic QoS for reliable packet transmission. It offers both node and packet-level dynamic-priority assignment policy, which further helps in fair and dynamic resource allocation, queuing, scheduling, retransmission, drop, and delay. It provides fair queuing and percentile scheduling policies, which estimates service rate for each priority queue and serves only highly significant packets with high waiting time during scheduling. Additionally, it offers application-specific reliability through a predictive retransmission and loss recovery policy. During retransmission and loss recovery, it calculates a retransmission rate for each sensor node and retransmits only that amount of packets from each sensor node. It also controls congestion with its dynamic priority-based rate adjustment and packet drop policies. It further provides a concept of time-bound based packet transmission policy that minimizes delay and jitter more appropriately. The second protocol is designed for attaining optimized QoS in the dynamic and assorted PA-WBAN. It applies a Lion Cooperative Hunt Optimization (LCHO) technique for the optimization of multi-objective QoS. Both theoretical and simulation results examine the usefulness of the proposed protocols and illustrate its advantage over the existing protocols.
Journal Article