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"Palestinian Arabs Jordan Social conditions."
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Palestinian refugees and identity : nationalism, politics and the everyday
Explores the everyday lives of the Palestinian refugees in Jordan, finding that there is a relative absence of political activity in the camps even though they feel an affinity for many of the meanings, ideals, and values of Palestinian nationalism.
Book
Settlements and Ethnic Cleansing in the Jordan Valley
In recent years, the Israeli government has intensified its settlement activities in the Jordan Valley', an area viewed by the Palestinians, from an economic and natural resources perspective, as the future of the Palestinian state. Israel has demonstrated its priorities through continued expansion of Israeli settlements in the area, with significant political implications for future borders. The justifications given at the beginning were security reasons, but they have since shifted to political and economic reasons. The Israeli officials' statements were followed by settlement construction activity, in parallel with the publication of a strategic report by the Israeli NGO Council for Peace and Security, an NGO established by, and composed of, retired Israeli security officials. The report addressed Israeli security needs, and the government's claim that they require the state to retain control over the Jordan Valley territory, and to annex enormous geographical territory from the West Bank after reaching a political agreement.
Journal Article
Voices from the camps
As debate continues about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and its root causes simmer, Palestinian refugees have become increasingly invisible. Voices from the Camps is about their humanity. This sociological study explores refugee camps in Jordan, where refugees share their plight and narrative of the Nakbeh (Catastrophe) of 1948. They also share their pain, conflicting identities, and aspirations. This book conveys the humanity of the poor, stateless, and invisible, by examining the impacts of displacement, dispossession, and refugee status upon refugees and their descendents as they struggle for survival both as individuals and as a community. This book does not propose solutions; rather, it highlights the human side of the Palestinian trauma and the urgent need for a just solution.
eBook
GEOLOGIES OF ERASURE: SINKHOLES, SCIENCE, AND SETTLER COLONIALISM AT THE DEAD SEA
Scientists who study Dead Sea sinkholes come to know them in particular ways (as generalized hydrogeoloic phenomena, symptoms of a regional environmental crisis, or divine retribution) and at particular scales (from the distant orbit of Earth observation satellites, from digitally altered aerial photographs, and occasionally from the inside). Using ethnographic data gathered between 2012 and 2015 in the occupied Palestinian territories (oPt), Israel, and Jordan, I compare how groups and individuals study, think, and learn about Dead Sea sinkholes. The way hydrogeologic knowledge about these sinkholes is gathered and circulated helps define land around the Dead Sea as territory to be colonized. These scientific processes can nullify Palestinian claims to the Dead Sea, eliminate Palestinian people from Dead Sea landscapes, and marginalize Bedouin opposition to Jordanian government policies. I suggest that attention to “geologies of erasure” helps scholars to understand the scientific and political impacts of settler colonialisms on the collection of knowledge about changing natural environments in the Middle East and beyond.
Journal Article
Established Practice
The Dead Sea, the lowest point on Earth, is one of the natural wonders of the world. Rich in minerals and salt, the lake has attracted visitors for millennia, and the economic value of its mineral riches has been important to both the local Palestinian population and to every colonial power that has ruled the area. Today, Israel exercises total control over the Dead Sea, the northern basin of which lies in the occupied Palestinian territories. Israeli settlements and international businesses, aided by state-funded initiatives, have established a profitable tourism sector and extractive industries based on the Dead Sea’s natural resources, while Palestinians remain effectively excluded from pursuing such opportunities. Qumran National Park, private beach resorts, and the cosmetics company AHAVA, among others, reap enormous profits from settlements in the Dead Sea area, benefiting from Israel’s occupation and unlawful policies and helping to drive a self-serving narrative of the area’s history.
Journal Article
ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMING AND ITS LIMITS: CAMPAIGNS IN PALESTINE AND ISRAEL
As activists frame campaigns, their region's broader cultural and political context intercedes. In Israel and Palestine attempts to work across national lines and undertake activism that links ecological, economic, and social issues have long been stymied. This article examines how the fraught historical and contemporary relationships of Israelis and Palestinians with land bestow both flexibility and limitations on their framing of campaigns. In particular, it ethnographically analyzes the framing of two projects—the building of an “eco-mosque” and a Jordan River restoration effort—to examine how activists grapple with frame flexibility and its limits. It finds that an Israeli tendency to deterritorialize environmental issues and curb environmental campaigns that are “too political” conflicts with Palestinian criticism of apolitical frames because they euphemize violence and domination. These cases demonstrate how local connotations can make or break environmental campaigns. The eco-adage, “Think global, act local” is not enough. One must think local, too.
Journal Article
Occupied Lives
Intense media coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict does not necessarily enhance one's knowledge or understanding of the Palestinians; on the contrary they are more often than not reduced to either victims or perpetrators. Similarly, while many academic studies devote considerable effort to analyzing the political situation in the occupied territories, there have been few sophisticated case studies of Palestinian refugees living under Israeli rule. An ethnographic study of Palestinian refugees in Dheisheh refugee camp, just south of Bethlehem, Occupied Lives looks closely at the attempts of the camp inhabitants to survive and bounce back from the profound effects of political violence and Israeli military occupation on their daily lives. Based on the author's extensive fieldwork conducted inside the camp, including a year during 2003-2004 when she lived in Dheisheh, this study examines the daily efforts of camp inhabitants to secure survival and meaning during the period of the al-Aqsa Intifada. It argues that the political developments and experiences of extensive violence at the time, which left most refugees outside of direct activism, caused many camp inhabitants to disengage from traditional forms of politics. Instead, they became involved in alternative practices aimed at maintaining their sense of social worth and integrity, by focusing on processes to establish a 'normal' order, social continuity, and morality. Nina Gren explores these processes and the ambiguities and dilemmas that necessarily arose from them and the ways in which the political and the existential are often intertwined in Dheisheh. Combining theoretical readings with field-based case study, this book will be invaluable to scholars and students of social anthropology, sociology, international relations, refugee studies, religious studies, and Middle East studies, as well as to anyone with an interest in the Israeli-Palestinian issue.
eBook
Resistance, Repression, and Gender Politics in Occupied Palestine and Jordan
This book focuses on the central party apparatus of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), the Democratic Front (DF) branches established in the Occupied Palestinian Territories and Jordan in the 1970s, and the most influential and innovative of the DF women's organizations: the Palestinian Federation of Women's Action Committees in the occupied territories. Until now, no study of a Palestinian political organization has so thoroughly engaged with internal gender histories. In addition, no other work attempts to systematically compare branches in different regional locations to explain those differences. Students of gender and Middle East studies, especially those with a specialty in Palestinian studies, will find this work to be of critical importance. This book will also be of great interest to those working on political protest movements and factional ties.
eBook
Jordan's Arab Spring: The Middle Class and Anti-Revolution
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was watched closely during the early events of the Arab Spring in 2011. Many Western analysts expressed concerns that it would be the next country in which large protests and social and political mobilization would shift the scales of power away from the ruling regime to the protestors on the street. Despite this anticipation in the popular media, along with widespread desire for political and economic reform on the part of Jordan's populace, the country neither mobilized en masse nor saw their interests culminate in calls for an ousting of the monarchy. The Arab Spring in Jordan was manifest mainly in media-based activity such as blogs and in relatively frequent, but small, contained and nonviolent protests in Amman. In fact, the deposing of King Abdullah never made the list of demands for political and economic reform. In comparison to most other countries swept by the Arab Spring, the lack of large anti-regime protests and revolution are unusual. Why is Jordan an exception? Why did the people's desire for reform not materialize in large-scale protests and revolution? Why has King Abdullah not faced the same pressures as other rulers throughout the region? Based on ethnographic fieldwork and recent interviews, this paper examines the role of the emergent middle class in Amman in shaping national politics, especially anti-revolutionary positions during the Arab Spring. I argue that a heightened notion of middle-class status and \"aspiring cosmopolitanism\" provides a newly significant form of social organization in Amman. This reorients the populace away from failed political reforms and serves as a means to reinforce the status-quo, particularly in the context of deepening internal divisions and a region in turmoil. Adapted from the source document.
Journal Article