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Thomas Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions became the most widely read book about science in the twentieth century. His terms 'paradigm' and 'scientific revolution' entered everyday speech, but they remain controversial. In the second half of the twentieth century, the new field of cognitive science combined empirical psychology, computer science, and neuroscience. In this book, the theories of concepts developed by cognitive scientists are used to evaluate and extend Kuhn's most influential ideas. Based on case studies of the Copernican revolution, the discovery of nuclear fission, and an elaboration of Kuhn's famous 'ducks and geese' example of concept learning, this volume, first published in 2006, offers accounts of the nature of normal and revolutionary science, the function of anomalies, and the nature of incommensurability.

A recent primary development in criminology is a growing recognition that there has been Western domination in knowledge production and dissemination. The imbalance of knowledge in criminology is a significant weakness of the discipline. Prominent scholars have called for the decolonisation of criminological knowledge to correct this bias. Asian criminology and Southern criminology are the latest developments and promising forces in decolonising criminology (Liu 2018; Moosavi 2018). One of Asian criminology's exceptional contributions to the current decolonisation movement is its significant theoretical achievements. This paper reviews theoretical efforts in Asian criminology and the theoretical innovation of the theoretical works, particularly those developed by Liu (Liu 2014; 2016; 2017; 2021a; 2022; 2023). It shows how theory development in criminology can gain insights from observations based on Asian contexts. The paper provides an update on these developments and their contributions to the reconstruction of criminology.

Why do giraffes have long necks? It can't really be for reaching tasty leaves since their main food is ground level bushes, tidy though that explanation would be. And how does relativity theory cope with the fact that the observable universe defies prediction by being far too small and anything but homogeneous? By inventing a vastly larger, but invisible, universe. And what exactly should we make of the scientists who claim to be witnessing thought itself, when the changes of blood flow in the brain that they observe are a thousand times slower than the neuronal activity it is supposed to reveal? A little scepticism is in order.Yet if philosophers of science, from Thomas Kuhn to Paul Feyerabend, have argued that science is a more haphazard process, driven by political fashion and short-term economic self-interest, today almost everyone seems to assume it is a vast jigsaw of interlocking facts pieced slowly but steadily together by expert practitioners.In this witty but profound 2.

The year 2012 marks the 50 th anniversary of the publication of Thomas S. Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions . Up until recently, the book’s philosophical reception has been shaped, for the most part, by the debates and the climate in philosophy of science in the 1960s and 1970s; this new collection of essays takes a renewed look at this work. This volume concentrates on particular issues addressed or raised in light of recent scholarship and without the pressure of the immediate concerns scholars had at the time of the Structure ’s publication. There has been extensive research on all of the major issues concerning the development of science which are discussed in Structure , work in which the scholars contributing to this volume have all been actively involved. In recent years they have pursued novel research on a number of topics relevant to Structure ’s concerns, such as the nature and function of concepts, the complexity of logical positivism and its legacy, the relation of history to philosophy of science, the character of scientific progress and rationality, and scientific realism, all of which are brought together and given new light in this text. In this way, our book makes new connections and undertakes new approaches in an effort to understand the Structure ’s significance in the canon of philosophy of science. 1. Introduction Vasso Kindi and Theodore Arabatzis Part 1: Origins and Early Reception 2. Kuhn and Logical Positivism: Gaps, Silences, and Tactics of SSR Gürol Irzik 3. From Paradigm to Disciplinary Matrix and Exemplar James A. Marcum 4. Kuhn’s Fundamental Insight – Reflection on the ‘Social Sciences’, as a Pedagogical and Philosophical Tool for Thinking Adequately About the Natural Sciences Rupert Read and Wes Sharrock Part 2: Key Concepts 5. Kuhn’s Paradigms Vasso Kindi 6. Some Puzzles about Kuhn’s Exemplars Thomas Nickles 7. Revolution as Evolution: The Concept of Evolution in Kuhn’s Philosophy Jouni-Matti Kuukkanen 8. Incommensurability: Revisiting the Chemical Revolution Hasok Chang Part 3: Implications 9. Scientific Concepts and Conceptual Change Hanne Andersen 10. Kuhn, Naturalism, and the Social Study of Science Alexander Bird 11. The Structure of Philosophical History: Thoughts after Kuhn Alan Richardson \"This is an important collection of papers that are worthy contributions to our understanding of Thomas Kuhn's philosophy and of Structure in particular.\" -- K. Brad Wray, State University of New York, Oswego for Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews \"Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Revisited is a rich source of information about the key concepts in Kuhn’s work, and about the internal history of its development…\" -- Finn Collin in Science & Education Vasso Kindi is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy and History of Science, University of Athens, Greece. Theodore Arabatzis is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy and History of Science, University of Athens, Greece.

'Paradigm shift'. Thomas Kuhn bequeathed us that phrase in his landmark book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions.

In their recent seminal paper 'Southern Criminology', Carrington, Hogg and Sozzo (2016) address the issue of the global divide between South/North relations in the hierarchal production of criminological knowledge. They point out that the divide privileges theories, assumptions and methods that are largely based on the empirical specificities of the global North. Carrington et al. contend that the dominance of global North criminology has led to a severe underdevelopment of criminology in the global South, except 'in Asia, with the establishment of the Asian Criminological Society and its journal' (Liu 2009, in Carrington et al. 2016: 3). Carrington et al. propose an important task of bridging the global divide through further developing criminology in the global South. My present paper reviews the development of Asian criminology under the framework of the Asian Criminological Paradigm (Liu 2009). I primarily review the conceptual and theoretical developments, to suggest strategies that can contribute to the task of bridging the gap between global North and South. What Asian criminology has done is expand the theoretical tool box originally developed in the global North through the strategies of transportation of theories, elaboration of theories, and proposing new concepts and theories based on the empirical grounds of Asian contexts.

This article critiques the Western sociological tradition using the Indigenous Australian Japanangka paradigm elaborated by Errol West as a reference. The critique centres on a three-world pattern persistent in the Western tradition. Western expressions of the pattern are compared to that from a distinct Indigenous Australian standpoint expressed through the Japanangka paradigm. The comparison reveals the Western tradition having a problematic and tenuous connection to the physical and sacred. The critique builds on the method of rational reconstruction in conjunction with exploration of patterns. The method focuses on reconstructing pre-theoretical knowledge that is expressed as simply as possible and which has universal application. Rational reconstruction and its criteria emerge from the Western tradition and the method reveals it to be in deficit compared to the Japanangka paradigm which provides a better universal expression of the three-world pattern. Rational reconstruction requires reference to clear examples against which pre-theoretical knowledge can be evaluated. To this end, the critique and analysis refer to the contemporary Uluru Statement from the Heart as well as acts of genocide such as the dispersal of Indigenous people from Coranderrk.