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8 result(s) for "Parlamentarische Funktionen"
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Parliaments as peacebuilders in conflict-affected countries
The changing nature of conflict and the increase in intrastate conflict during the 1990s, followed by its slow decline since the turn of the century, have led to changing priorities in the field of conflict resolution. No longer is the international community solely concerned with resolving existing conflicts; it also is managing emerging conflicts to ensure that they do not flare into violent conflict. This book outlines some of the strategies parliaments and parliamentarians can adopt to reduce the incidence of conflict and effectively manage conflict when it does emerge. It is hoped that by developing a better understanding of the nexus between parliament, poverty, and conflict parliamentarians will be more aware of the array of options open to them as they seek to contribute to conflict management in conflict-affected societies.
Legislative oversight and budgeting : a world perspective
In most countries, parliament has the constitutional mandate to both oversee and hold government to account. In light of the increased focus on good governance, academics and legislative strengthening practitioners are re-examining parliament's oversight function with a view to increasing public financial accountability, curbing corruption, and contributing to poverty reduction. This volume brings together research from many different perspectives and many different legislative settings worldwide. As the country case studies in section III demonstrate, the accountability mechanisms or oversight tools available to the legislature vary based on constitutionally defined powers of the legislature, institutional arrangements between the branches of government, divisions of authority between national, regional, and local governments, the degree of legitimacy conferred on the legislature, and the resources available to it. The budget process provides critical opportunities. Section II of this volume is devoted to examining budget oversight from the formulation and approval of the budget, to implementation and the ex post examination of the public accounts. Special attention is also paid to mechanisms to assist parliaments such as Public Accounts Committees and independent parliamentary budget offices. This title will be of interest to parliamentarians and parliamentary staff, legislative strengthening practitioners, and students of legislative development.
Funktionen und Politikverständnis der weiblichen Abgeordneten in den Ausschüssen des 13. und 14. Deutschen Bundestages
Die Studie untersucht die thematische Orientierung von Parlamentarierinnen, für die ihre Präsenz in den Ausschüssen des Bundestages – hier der 13. und 14. Wahlperiode – tragfähige Hinweise gibt. In Relation zu ihrer Präsenz im Bundestag von zunächst 26, 3 Prozent in der 13. und 30,9 Prozent in der 14. Wahlperiode arbeiten Parlamentarierinnen überdurchschnittlich häufig in Ausschüssen, die sich mit Themen der Sozial- und Gesellschaftspolitik, der Kultur- und Menschenrechtspolitik befassen; relativ viele finden sich zudem im Petitions- und im Haushaltsausschuß. Unterrepräsentiert sind Frauen auf den klassischen Politikfeldern der Außen-, Verteidigungs-, Finanz- und Rechtspolitik. Tendenzen einer stärkeren Professionalisierung von Politikerinnen auf diesen Gebieten zeigen sich in der 14. Wahlperiode, doch ist auch eine gegenläufige Entwicklung etwa im zukunftsträchtigen Forschungsausschuß sowie im Europaausschuß unverkennbar. Frauen scheinen Ausschüsse mit stärkeren Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten in der Gesetzgebung (zum Beispiel Arbeit- und Sozialordnung) gegenüber den eher prestigeorientierten, regierungsbegleitenden Pendants (zum Beispiel Auswärtiger Ausschuß) zu bevorzugen. Spürbare Auswirkungen hatte der Mehrheitswechsel zu Rot-Grün: Da die Fraktionen von SPD und Bündnisgrünen wesentlich höhere Frauenanteile aufweisen als CDU/CSU und FDP, hat sich die Anzahl von „Frauen mit Macht“ stark erhöht.