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"Pearl jewelry."
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Conferences
In her talk, ‘Modern Era of Diamonds, Diamond Facts, Myths and Misconceptions’, Raluca Anghel (Natural Diamond Council [NDC], London) explained the work of NDC, which is a not-for-profit entity established to promote the value of natural diamonds, working together with various trade bodies across the globe and supplying retailers with promotional and educational material. ‘Why are Some Minerals Gem Quality?’ was the title of the talk given by Dr Emmanuel Fritsch (University of Nantes, France), in which he spoke in depth about the formation of gems and the various mechanisms in which they grow (e.g. fibrous and spherulitic growth). [...]he discussed artificial intelligence and the fact that today a computer can design and illustrate a piece of jewellery that looks totally real and desirable, but does not actually exist.
Journal Article
Increasing Structural Diversity of the Early Growth Stages in Polynesian Pearls Reveals Biological Stress Suffered by the Grafts
In Polynesian pearls produced using Pinctada margaritifera var. Cumingii, we investigated the structure of the early growth stages, from the nucleus surface up to the first deposition of the black nacre characteristic of this subspecies. Despite simultaneous grafting from the same donor oyster and similar cultivation conditions, we observed the deposition of various non-nacreous pre-nacre structures. These unusual microstructures, which precede the return to black nacre, varied from immediate deposition onto the nucleus surface to increasing delays, depending on the graft’s position in the grafting series. Given the similar biological conditions of grafting and cultivation, we suggest that, in line with recent data demonstrating genomic sensitivity to environmental conditions, alterations in the graft cells produced during the increasing waiting period were transmitted to the pearl sacs and the early growth stages of the grafted pearls.
Journal Article
American Baroque
Pearls have enthralled global consumers since antiquity, and the Spanish monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella explicitly charged Columbus with finding pearls, as well as gold and silver, when he sailed westward in 1492.American Baroquecharts Spain's exploitation of Caribbean pearl fisheries to trace the genesis of its maritime empire. In the 1500s, licit and illicit trade in the jewel gave rise to global networks, connecting the Caribbean to the Indian Ocean to the pearl-producing regions of the Chesapeake and northern Europe.Pearls-a unique source of wealth because of their renewable, fungible, and portable nature-defied easy categorization. Their value was highly subjective and determined more by the individuals, free and enslaved, who produced, carried, traded, wore, and painted them than by imperial decrees and tax-related assessments. The irregular baroque pearl, often transformed by the imagination of a skilled artisan into a fantastical jewel, embodied this subjective appeal. Warsh blends environmental, social, and cultural history to construct microhistories of peoples' wide-ranging engagement with this deceptively simple jewel. Pearls facilitated imperial fantasy and personal ambition, adorned the wardrobes of monarchs and financed their wars, and played a crucial part in the survival strategies of diverse people of humble means. These stories, taken together, uncover early modern conceptions of wealth, from the hardscrabble shores of Caribbean islands to the lavish rooms of Mediterranean palaces.
eBook
Putting on the dog : the animal origins of what we wear
\"Kwasny investigates the cultural history of fashion, traveling the globe to gather firsthand accounts of traditions and manufacturing methods, from aboriginal to modern, as she investigates the phenomenology of silk, skin, wool, feathers, and pearls, long coveted materials that even today are regarded as precious and luxurious\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Unraveling the luminescence secrets of turquoise nucleus cultivated pearls
Turquoise nucleus cultivated (TNC) pearls represent a distinctive variety which are distinguished by their unique nucleus and remarkable aesthetic appeal. In contradistinction to the common pearls, which were formed by a shell nucleus, TNC pearls are characterized by a nucleus composed of a turquoise-like mineral. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the spectral characteristics of TNC pearls. It reveals that TNC pearls grew in seawater, as indicated by the peak area ratio of Sr to Ca in X-ray fluorescence data. Additionally, the relatively subdued luster of TNC pearls is hypothesized to result from the specific nature of their nucleus material. It is noteworthy that the nuclei of these pearls are not composed of natural turquoise because their infrared spectrum exhibits characteristic absorption peaks of gibbsite at 1025 cm
-1
and 669 cm
-1
, alongside peaks indicative of organic compounds. It is proposed that the nucleus consists of a gibbsite, encased within a protective layer of organic compounds during the carving process. In addition, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence and photoluminescence spectroscopy demonstrate that the fluorescence characteristics of TNC pearls are comparable to those of traditional cultivated pearls. This study analyzes the samples derived from black-lipped oysters and golden-lipped oysters respectively. This finding underscores the efficacy of 3D fluorescence and photoluminescence spectroscopy as reliable methods for identifying these new pearl species.
Journal Article
Pearl Powder—An Emerging Material for Biomedical Applications: A Review
Pearl powder is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for a variety of indications from beauty care to healthcare. While used for over a thousand years, there has yet to be an in-depth understanding and review in this area. The use of pearl powder is particularly growing in the biomedical area with various benefits reported due to the active ingredients within the pearl matrix itself. In this review, we focus on the emerging biomedical applications of pearl powder, touching on applications of pearl powder in wound healing, bone repairing, treatment of skin conditions, and other health indications.
Journal Article
Population Biology of the Non-Indigenous Rayed Pearl Oyster (Pinctada radiata) in the South Evoikos Gulf, Greece
The Atlantic pearl oyster Pinctada radiata (Leach, 1814), the first documented Lessepsian bivalve species to enter the Mediterranean basin, is present in various coastal areas in Greece, and constitutes, almost exclusively, a domestic commercial bivalve resource. The present study aimed to contribute to the limited information available on P. radiata population structure and dynamics in Hellenic waters, especially following the recent enforcement of legislation for regulation of its fishery. A total of 703 individuals were collected using scuba diving from the South Evoikos Gulf. The male-to-female ratio (1:1.70) significantly departed from 1:1. A higher probability for female prevalence was exhibited for shell heights over 50.77 mm. Significant differences were exhibited in the shell height–total weight relationship between the sexes. The fourth-year class was the dominant cohort, comprising 50.09% of the population, out of the seven age classes identified. Asymptotic length was estimated at 109.1 mm and growth index at 3.35, respectively. Longevity was estimated at 15.7 years, with natural mortality (M) at 0.39 and total mortality (Z) at 0.76. The probability of capture (LC50) was estimated at 50.72 mm at 2.8 years. Biological reference points FMSY and EMSY were higher than the fishing mortality and current exploitation rate, respectively, indicating the potential for further population exploitation.
Journal Article