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"Philosophy of the Social Sciences"
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Getting Lost
2012,2007
Winner of the 2008 Critics' Choice Award presented by the
American Educational Studies Association In this follow-up
to her classic text Troubling the Angels, an experimental
ethnography of women with AIDS, Patti Lather deconstructs her
earlier work to articulate methodology out of practice and to
answer the question: What would practices of research look like
that were a response to the call of the wholly other? She addresses
some of the key issues challenging social scientists today, such as
power relations with subjects in the field, the crisis in
representation, difference, deconstruction, praxis, ethics,
responsibility, objectivity, narrative strategy, and situatedness.
Including a series of essays, reflections, and interviews marking
the trajectory of the author's work as a feminist methodologist,
Getting Lost will be an important text for courses in sociology of
science, philosophy of science, ethnography, feminist methodology,
women and gender studies, and qualitative research in education and
related social science fields.
The postmodern significance of Max Weber's legacy : disenchanting disenchantment
by
Koshul, Basit Bilal
in
History of Religion
,
History of sociology
,
History of the social sciences
2005
One of Max Weber's contemporaries described him as 'a child of the Enlightenment born too late' whose work is a 'vitriolic attack on religion'. Subsequent Weber scholarship has largely affirmed this valuation of Weber and characterized his scholarship as a manifestation of the very disenchantment that Weber describes. In The Postmodern Significance of Max Weber's Legacy, Basit Koshul challenges this idea by showing Weber to be a postmodern thinker far ahead of his time.
Mixed methods research: what it is and what it could be
by
Wouters, Paul
,
Heilbron, Johan
,
Timans, Rob
in
Behavioral sciences
,
History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences
,
Humanities and Social Sciences
2019
Combining methods in social scientific research has recently gained momentum through a research strand called Mixed Methods Research (MMR). This approach, which explicitly aims to offer a framework for combining methods, has rapidly spread through the social and behavioural sciences, and this article offers an analysis of the approach from a field theoretical perspective. After a brief outline of the MMR program, we ask how its recent rise can be understood. We then delve deeper into some of the specific elements that constitute the MMR approach, and we engage critically with the assumptions that underlay this particular conception of using multiple methods. We conclude by offering an alternative view regarding methods and method use.
Journal Article
The ethnographer and the algorithm: beyond the black box
2020
A common theme in social science studies of algorithms is that they are profoundly opaque and function as “black boxes.” Scholars have developed several methodological approaches in order to address algorithmic opacity. Here I argue that we can explicitly enroll algorithms in ethnographic research, which can shed light on unexpected aspects of algorithmic systems—including their opacity. I delineate three meso-level strategies for algorithmic ethnography. The first,
algorithmic refraction
, examines the reconfigurations that take place when computational software, people, and institutions interact. The second strategy,
algorithmic comparison
, relies on a similarity-and-difference approach to identify the instruments’ unique features. The third strategy,
algorithmic triangulation
, enrolls algorithms to help gather rich qualitative data. I conclude by discussing the implications of this toolkit for the study of algorithms and future of ethnographic fieldwork.
Journal Article
Why populism?
2017
It is a commonplace to observe that we have been living through an extraordinary pan-European and trans-Atlantic populist moment. But do the heterogeneous phenomena lumped under the rubric \"populist\" in fact belong together? Or is \"populism\" just a journalistic cliché and political epithet? In the first part of the article, I defend the use of \"populism\" as an analytic category and the characterization of the last few years as a \"populist moment,\" and I propose an account of populism as a discursive and stylistic repertoire. In the second part, I specify the structural trends and the conjunctural convergence of a series of crises that jointly explain the clustering in space and time that constitutes the populist moment. The question in my title is thus twofold: it is a question about populism as a term or concept and a question about populism as a phenomenon in the world. The article addresses both the conceptual and the explanatory question, limiting the scope of the explanatory argument to the pan-European and trans-Atlantic populist conjuncture of the last few years.
Journal Article
Dependence and precarity in the platform economy
by
Attwood-Charles, William
,
Ladegaard, Isak
,
Schor, Juliet B.
in
Algorithms
,
Autonomy
,
Beliefs, opinions and attitudes
2020
The rapid growth of Uber and analogous platform companies has led to considerable scholarly interest in the phenomenon of platform labor. Scholars have taken two main approaches to explaining outcomes for platform work—precarity, which focuses on employment classification and insecure labor, and technological control via algorithms. Both predict that workers will have relatively common experiences. On the basis of 112 in-depth interviews with workers on seven platforms (Airbnb, TaskRabbit, Turo, Uber, Lyft, Postmates, and Favor) we find heterogeneity of experiences across and within platforms. We argue that because platform labor is weakly institutionalized, worker satisfaction, autonomy, and earnings vary significantly across and within platforms, suggesting dominant interpretations are insufficient. We find that the extent to which workers are dependent on platform income to pay basic expenses rather than working for supplemental income explains the variation in outcomes, with supplemental earners being more satisfied and higher-earning. This suggests platforms are free-riding on conventional employers. We also find that platforms are hierarchically ordered, in terms of what providers can earn, conditions of work, and their ability to produce satisfied workers. Our findings suggest the need for a new analytic approach to platforms, which emphasizes labor force diversity, connections to conventional labor markets, and worker dependence.
Journal Article
How to Construct a Mixed Methods Research Design
2017
This article provides researchers with knowledge of how to design a high quality mixed methods research study. To design a mixed study, researchers must understand and carefully consider each of the dimensions of mixed methods design, and always keep an eye on the issue of validity. We explain the seven major design dimensions: purpose, theoretical drive, timing (simultaneity and dependency), point of integration, typological versus interactive design approaches, planned versus emergent design, and design complexity. There also are multiple secondary dimensions that need to be considered during the design process. We explain ten secondary dimensions of design to be considered for each research study. We also provide two case studies showing how the mixed designs were constructed.
Journal Article
Reconstructing Social Theory, History and Practice
2017
With regard to developments in social theory, the past 30 years can be characterized as an Age of Deconstruction. Inspired by post-structuralism, postmodernism, critical theory, and science studies, as well as combinations of related approaches, theorists have endeavored to shatter historical meta-narratives and struggled to include previously excluded standpoints in social thought. This important trend has informed our understanding of the role of discourse, difference and expertise in determining relations of power and inequality. This volume focusses on \"Reconstruction\", dedicated to taking account of and interrogating the possibility of picking up the pieces. The papers were presented at the 2015 International Social Theory Consortium (ISTC). It considers questions such as, are there limits to the deconstruction project, and have these limits been reached? What are the possibilities for the reconstruction of narratives of long-term historical change? Is it possible to include and integrate the insights and contribution of various critiques of knowledge, while at the same time developing new forms of knowledge?
Racial capitalism
2019
\"Racial capitalism\" has surfaced during the past few decades in projects that highlight the production of difference in tandem with the production of capital—usually through violence. Scholars in this tradition typically draw their inspiration—and framework—from Cedric Robinson's influential 1983 text, Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition. This article uses the work of Orlando Patterson to highlight some limits of \"racial capitalism\" as a theoretical project. First, the \"racial capitalism\" literature rarely clarifies what scholars mean by \"race\" or \"capitalism.\" Second, some scholars using this conceptual language treat black subjectivity as a debilitated condition. An alleged byproduct of the Transatlantic slave trade, this debilitated form of black subjectivity derives from an African American exceptionalism that treats slavery as a form of abject status particular to capitalism without providing adequate theoretical justification or historical explanation. By contrast, we demonstrate how Patterson's insights about property, status, and capital offer an analysis of slavery more attentive to race, gender, sexuality, age, and ability. We close by using the \"forensics of capital\" to explore the notions of causality and protocols for determining who owes what to whom implicit in Patterson's concept of \"social death.\"
Journal Article