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This handbook represents the first comprehensive and evidence-based review of theory, research, and practice in the field of adapted physical education (APE). Exploring philosophical and foundational aspects of APE, the book outlines the main conceptual frameworks informing research and teaching in this area, and presents important material that will help shape best practice and future research. Written by world-leading researchers, the book introduces the key themes in APE, such as historical perspectives on disability, disability and the law, language, and measurement. It examines the most significant theoretical frameworks for understanding APE, from embodiment and social cognitive theory to occupational socialization, and surveys current debates and practical issues in APE, such as teacher training, the use of technology, and physical inactivity and health. Acknowledging the importance of the voices of children, parents and peers, the book also explores research methods and paradigms in APE, with each chapter including directions for further research. Offering an unprecedented wealth of material, the Routledge Handbook of Adapted Physical Education is an essential reference for advanced students, researchers and scholars working in APE, and useful reading for anybody with an interest in disability, physical education, sports coaching, movement science or youth sport.

How do children and young people experience and understand sport and physical activity? What value do they attach to physical education and physical literacy? This important new book attempts to engage more directly than ever before with the experiences of young people by placing the voices of the young people themselves at the centre of the discussion. As the need to listen to young people becomes increasingly enshrined in public policy and political debate, this book illuminates our understanding of an important aspect of the everyday lives of many young people. With contributions from leading researchers and educationalists from around the world, the book draws on a diverse range of methodological and theoretical perspectives to demonstrate how we can better understand the unique perspectives of young people, how teachers and coaches can respond to and engage with the voices of young people, and how young people can be afforded opportunities to shape their education and leisure experiences. The book presents a fascinating range of case studies from around the world, including the experiences of African American girls and masculine sporting identities in Australia, and addresses both theoretical and policy debates. Young People’s Voices in Physical Education and Youth Sport is essential reading for any serious student or professional with an interest in PE, youth sport, sports development, sports coaching, physical activity and health, education or youth work. Introduction: Revisioning Young People’s Voices in Physical Education and Sport Part 1: Exploring Voice in Different Settings 1. Students’ Evolving Meanings and Experiences with Physical Activity and Sport 2. The Body, Physical Activity and Inequity: Learning to Listen with Girls through Action 3. Students’ Curricular Values and Experiences Part 2: Multiple Identities Of Adolescent Populations 4. Finding Their Voice: Disaffected Youth Insights on Sport/Physical Activity Interventions 5. Using Ethnography to Explore The Experiences Of A Student With Special Educational Needs in Mainstream Physical Education 6. Hypermasculinity in Schools: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly 7. Looking Back, Looking Sideways: Adult Perspectives about Student Experiences of Queerness in Canadian Physical Education Part 3: Theoretical Frames and Methodological Approaches 8. Push Play Every Day: New Zealand Children’s Constructions of Health and Physical Activity 9. \"Carving A New Order\" of Experience With Young People in Physical Education: Participatory Action Research as a Pedagogy of Possibility 10. Got The Picture? Exploring Student Sport Experiences Using Photography as Voice Epilogue Hearing, Listening and Acting \" The book addresses a number of important questions: How are experiencing and understand children and youth sport and physical activity? How do the physical activity and school physical education? Leading scientists in the fields of sports science and educational science has contributed chapters to various methodological and theoretical perspectives on how we can better understand children's perspectives in sport. Also presented the \"case studies\" from the (Anglo-Saxon) world, with boys and girls in different multicultural environments. \" –Mikael Londos

This book focuses on motor and social skills development for young children with autism spectrum disorder and is geared toward special education teachers, general education teachers, and related personnel.

An essential component of good practice in physical education is ensuring inclusivity for all pupils, regardless of need, ability or background. Now in a fully revised and updated new edition, Equity and Inclusion in Physical Education fully explores the theoretical and practical issues faced by physical education teachers today. The book amalgamates areas of critical debate within the world of physical education and is structured around the key topics of ability, special educational needs, gender, sexuality, social class, race and ethnicity. These issues are discussed in relation to principles of equity, equality of opportunity, pedagogy, differentiation, curriculum planning and cultural awareness. Other chapters explore contemporary themes such as healthism and obesity and values in physical education and policy, whilst a chapter new to this edition demonstrates the importance of reflexivity and critical self-reflection in good inclusive practice. As well as being a perfect introductory text for any course on inclusion or inclusive practice in physical education, the book offers invaluable, practical advice for established professionals, newly qualified teachers and trainees about how to meet equity and inclusion requirements. Examples of good practice are included throughout, as well as guidance on how to implement an inclusive PE curriculum within the school.

This book is intended to provide guidance to parents, guardians, educators, and community recreation professionals regarding the importance of increased physical activity beyond the school day for children with disabilities. The book starts off by discussing early childhood development specific to children with disabilities and places emphasis on parents’ roles as their advocate in school and community sports, recreational, and leisure programs. The book highlights the legal rights of a parent, their child’s rights, and the equal rights that a child with a disability has when participating in interscholastic athletics and sports. Emphasis is placed on public laws that mandate educational opportunities for children with disabilities along with recent legislative updates regarding extracurricular school based activity. Finally, readers will learn how a child with a disability can be educated utilizing a variety of instructional strategies that can be helpful in the classroom and community setting. This book offers practical information on suggested activities, adaptations, and general considerations when teaching a child with a disability. The book’s appendices offers a wide variety of resources ranging from sports organizations and resources from around the country along with modifications and adaptations of a variety of sports a child with a disability can participate in.

This book has arisen out of a need for a text which tackles the special issues relating to coaching children (from 6 - 16) in sport. Academics (many with coaching experience) and practitioners have been commissioned to write on their specialist areas.

Background The current study examined associations between gender, perceived athletic competence, and enjoyment of physical education (PE) class over time in a cohort of children enrolled in grade four (ages 9 or 10) at baseline (n = 2262). Methods We assessed each student 5 times over a period of 2 years. We used mixed effects modeling to examine change over time in enjoyment of PE. Results Enjoyment of PE declined among girls but remained constant among boys. Higher levels of perceived competence were associated with higher PE enjoyment. A 3-way interaction between gender, competence, and time revealed that PE enjoyment was lowest and declined most markedly among girls with low perceived athletic competence. Among boys with low competence, enjoyment remained at a consistently low level. Conclusions Our results indicate that lower perceived athletic competence is associated with low enjoyment of PE, and, among girls, with declining enjoyment. Findings suggest that interventions in a PE context that target perceived competence should be considered in future work.

Background Primarily, this study aims to examine whether children attending sports schools are more active than their counterpart attending normal schools. Secondary, the study aims to examine if physical activity (PA) levels in specific domains differ across school types. Finally, potential modifications by status of overweight/obesity and poor cardio-respiratory fitness are examined. Methods Participants were from the first part of the CHAMPS-study DK, which included approximately 1200 children attending the 0th - 6th grade. At the sports schools, the mandatory physical education (PE) program was increased from 2 to 6 weekly lessons over a 3-year period. Children attending normal schools were offered the standard 2 PE lessons. PA was assessed at two different occasions with the GT3X ActiGraph accelerometer, once during winter in 2009/10 and once during summer/fall in 2010. Leisure time organized sports participation was quantified by SMS track. Based on baseline values in 2008, we generated a high-BMI and a low-cardio-respiratory fitness for age and sex group variable. Results There were no significant differences in PA levels during total time, PE, or recess between children attending sports schools and normal schools, respectively. However, children, especially boys, attending sports schools were more active during school time than children attending normal schools (girls: β=51, p=0.065; boys: β=113, p<0.001). However, in the leisure time during weekdays children who attended sports schools were less active (girls: β=-41, p=0.004; boys: β=-72, p<0.001) and less involved in leisure time organized sports participation (girls: β=-0.4, p=0.016; boys: β=-0.2, p=0.236) than children who attended normal schools. Examination of modification by baseline status of overweight/obesity and low cardio-respiratory fitness indicated that during PE low fit girls in particular were more active at sports schools. Conclusion No differences were revealed in overall PA levels between children attending sports schools and normal schools. Sports schools children were more active than normal schools children during school time, but less active during leisure time. In girls, less organized sports participation at least partly explained the observed differences in PA levels during leisure time across school types. Baseline status of cardio-respiratory fitness modified school type differences in PA levels during PE in girls.