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Associations between non-discrimination and training policies and physicians’ attitudes and knowledge about sexual and gender minority patients: a comparison of physicians from two hospitals
Background
Some physicians lack knowledge and awareness about health issues specific to sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals. To help improve this, hospitals have implemented policies that mandate non-discrimination and training to promote sexual and gender minority health. There is limited evidence about how such policies relate to physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and gender and sexual minority affirmative practices.
Method
A random sample of 1000 physicians was recruited from a complete list of physicians affiliated with one of two university Hospitals located in Tennessee and 180 physicians completed the survey concerning attitudes and knowledge about SGM individuals. Physicians were affiliated with either Hospital A that had not implemented policies for non-discrimination and training, or Hospital B that did.
Results
Physicians held different attitudes about SGM patients than non-patients. Physicians affiliated with Hospital A held more negative attitudes about SGM individuals who were non-patients than physicians affiliated with Hospital B. There were no differences between the two hospitals in physicians’ attitudes and knowledge about SGM patients.
Conclusion
Policies that mandate non-discrimination and training as they currently exist may not improve physicians’ attitudes and knowledge about SGM individuals. Additional research is needed to understand how these policies and trainings relate to physicians’ SGM affirmative practices.
Journal Article
Physician opinions concerning legal abortion in Bogotá, Colombia
Since the decriminalisation of abortion in 2006, women in Colombia have continued to seek clandestine abortions, endangering their health and contributing to maternal mortality and morbidity. The goal of this study was to explore physicians' opinions towards and knowledge about legal abortion in Bogotá, Colombia, and key barriers to the legal abortion access. We conducted 13 key informant interviews followed by a survey with a probability sample of 49 doctors working in public hospitals in Bogotá. Interview and survey data showed lack of technical experience in the provision of abortion and nuanced opinions towards its practice. Key informants described ignorance and lack of abortion training in medical schools as key barriers to provision. In the survey, 16/49 respondents had performed an abortion, 24/49 had referred a woman for an abortion and only 33/49 showed correct knowledge of the law.
Journal Article
Society, culture and the auditory imagination in modern France : the humanity of hearing
\"This book examines the striking way in which medical and scientific work on hearing in eighteenth and nineteenth-century France helped to shape modern French society and culture. Contemporary scientists and anatomists had to come to terms with a new kind of transformative physiology within the material site of the human ear, one that had the potential to construct space and place in the most powerful way imaginable. Auditory medical specialists found themselves at the center of pivotal philosophical, political and social debates on how the individual citizen might use their ears to reach out to those around them constructing broader, protective models of social reform. Sykes makes the case that of all the senses, hearing offered the greatest resources for remodelling the idea of the universal human condition within the modern French historical setting\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The diversity of doctors’ attitudes towards patients in the conditions of financialisation of the health care system. A survey study
Aim of the study: To get acquainted with the opinions of Polish doctors about selected economic, ethical and utilitarian aspects of the doctor–patient relationship in the context of the financing of medical services. Method: Online questionnaire with instructions and invitations to participate in the study, sent via a medical portal. Answers were received from 264 physicians, including 177 women and 87 men, aged between 24 and 67. The differences in sex, age, length of service, place of employment, specialisation and the type of funding were analysed. Results: Male physicians working in hospitals are more willing to make decisions based on simple economic calculations. The study showed age-related differences in professional motivation, willingness to make sacrifices for patients, distrust towards patients, ethical issues, willingness to depend on economic balance and willingness to refuse treatment in order to protect the doctor’s personal interests. The type of specialisation differentiated the group in terms of satisfaction with earnings and sense of professional prestige, the degree of distrust towards patients, attitudes to medical records, and readiness to refuse economically unprofitable procedures. The lowest satisfaction with earnings and the lowest sense of professional prestige were declared by psychiatrists. In addition, 77% of the participants did not attribute significant importance to medical standards. Conclusions: Polish doctors are a heterogeneous group in terms of professional motivation, professional prestige and declared attitudes towards patients, which should be taken into account in the organisation of medical services and training of physicians. Changing social and economic conditions influence the development of attitudes that are less focused on the interests of the patient, as indicated by the age-related differences among the surveyed physicians. The low level of importance assigned by doctors to medical standards can have a negative impact on the effectiveness of standardisation of medical services in Poland.
Journal Article
Factors Affecting Physician Professional Satisfaction and Their Implications for Patient Care, Health Systems, and Health Policy
The American Medical Association asked RAND Health to characterize the factors that affect physician professional satisfaction. RAND researchers sought to identify high-priority determinants of professional satisfaction by gathering data from 30 physician practices in six states, using a combination of surveys and semistructured interviews. This report presents the results of the subsequent analysis.
eBook
Agreement of Nurses’ and Physicians’ Attitudes on Collaboration During the Covid-19 Pandemic Using the Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration
Background: Collaboration between physicians and nurses has been shown to lead to better patient outcomes. However, studies have shown differing physicians' and nurses' responses to survey questions about physician-nurse collaboration. We surveyed physicians and nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic for their attitudes toward collaboration. Methods: In August 2021, during the Covid-19 pandemic, we surveyed physicians and nurses throughout an urban, academic teaching hospital over a consecutive twenty-day period using the validated Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration. Anonymous surveys were obtained from nurses and physicians on duty at the hospital. Demographic data from each survey included gender, age, profession of nurse or physician, degree, and specialization. Results: Four hundred and fifteen (415) unique paper surveys were collected from 308 nurses and 107 physicians over the twenty-day period. Five nurses and two physicians declined to complete the survey (1.6%). Using the Independent f-test of Means, total score and sub-scores were analyzed. Physicians and nurses scored the paper surveys in a similar manner. No statistically significant differences between the scores of physicians and nurses were found for any of the fifteen Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration questions, except for the youngest age group (20-29-year-old) having a significantly more positive response to doctors being the dominant authority on all health matters (p-value=0.011). Gender and nursing degree did not make a significant difference. Surgical Specialties (167), Medical Specialties (196), Intensive Care Unit (21), and the Emergency Department (43) survey responses did not differ significantly from each other. Conclusion: One and a half years into the Covid-19 pandemic, physicians and nurses at an urban, academic teaching hospital were in agreement with their responses on the validated Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician- Nurse Collaboration. Our data may reflect a catalytic and positive effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on physician and nurse attitudes toward collaboration. Keywords: physician-nurse collaboration, Jefferson Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Nurse Collaboration, interprofessional education, Covid-19 pandemic
Journal Article
Medical students’ perceptions of improving physician satisfaction and patient care: a text network analysis approach
Background
Physicians’ job satisfaction and their relationships with patients are critical factors in modern healthcare. Understanding medical students’ perceptions of these aspects is crucial for enhancing the quality of healthcare. Hence, this study examined medical students’ perspectives on improving physician job satisfaction and the essential patient-oriented attitudes required for developing into skilled physicians.
Methods
The participants were 87 medical students who provided descriptive essay responses to two open-ended questions: (1) “What do you think could improve physicians’ job satisfaction?” and (2) “What attitudes toward patients do you believe are necessary to become a skilled physician?” Specifically, this study analyzed medical students’ perceptions and attitudes toward physician satisfaction and patient relationships by applying text network analysis to their essay responses and identifying key themes and keywords.
Results
The major topics were extracted using latent dirichlet allocation topic modeling. Key terms included “physician,” “satisfaction,” “patient,” “medical practice,” and “experience.” Topics identified for the first question included “work–life balance,” “job satisfaction and social impact,” and “satisfaction of physicians in the medical environment.” Topics for the second question included “attitude toward patient care as a physician,” “mistakes in patient care and efforts to correct them,” and “patient care experience and physician skill development.”
Conclusions
This study aligned educational strategies with self-determination theory (SDT) to underscore the importance of promoting autonomy, relatedness, and competence. This approach could elevate the quality of medical education, support students’ professional growth, and enhance their job satisfaction through meaningful patient interactions.
Journal Article
Physicians’ opinions about critical attributes of a potential group A streptococcal vaccine
A group A streptococcal (GAS) vaccine, while not currently available, offers the possibility of a more effective approach; however, barriers to its implementation are likely to exist. The objectives of this study were to describe the attitudes of physicians about the importance of preventing GAS-associated conditions and to identify potential barriers to vaccine implementation. Surveys were sent to randomly selected physicians from the AAP and the AAFP. The GAS conditions believed by respondents to be most important to prevent among pediatric patients were ARF (31%) followed by STSS (24%) and pharyngitis (20%). Pediatricians and family physicians identified similar factors that would encourage routine use of a GAS vaccine. Less than half of pediatricians and only a third of family physicians would recommend a GAS vaccine if it could not be given concurrently with other immunizations or if there were strong parental resistance to the vaccine. This descriptive study provides important information about the anticipated use of a GAS vaccine by primary care physicians in the United States.
Journal Article