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"Pictures Lebanon"
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The Legacy of Jocelyne Saab as a Lebanese Film Archive
After a brief stint at the daily newspaper Al Safa, where she met the poet and artist Etel Adnan, she was recruited by television station FR3 in Paris to act as an Arabic-to-French interpreter for a journalist who was to film a portrait of Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi. After 15 years of bloody conflict, an armistice was signed in Taif in 1989, officially marking the end of the Lebanese civil war. The Association's founding challenge was twofold: to open up access to Saab's films in Lebanon and to generations of Lebanese who had not experienced the war, and to restore her films in order to facilitate this wider access and thus also respond to Saab's wish that her works one day be published. Two things guided the Association's project at this point: to properly restore Saab's entire filmography to an appropriate technical standard; and to involve Lebanese technicians in the process.
Journal Article
Sirens
Lilas and Shery, co-founders and guitarists of the Middle East's first all-female metal band, wrestle with friendship, sexuality and destruction in their pursuit of becoming thrash metal rock stars.
Streaming Video
Home-based records’ quality and validity of caregivers’ recall of children’s vaccination in Lebanon
•Taking pictures of HBRs is feasible and useful to assess their quality.•Most cards showed high quality for image, physical condition and legibility.•Most cards fulfill core content criteria yet design criteria were rarely satisfied.•Pictures of HBRs allow comparing recall with HBRs if both data sources are present.•Not all caregivers were able to accurately recall their child’s vaccination status.
Home-based records (HBRs) (also known as vaccination cards) and caregivers’ recall are the main means to ascertain vaccination status; however, data on the quality of HBRs and the validity of recall vaccination data compared to HBRs is scarce. This manuscript presents results from two analyses related to HBRs, one on HBR pictures taken during a vaccination coverage survey, including an assessment of the HBR quality and legibility, and an evaluation of the agreement between caregivers’ recall and the vaccination information in the HBRs.
Using pictures from 500 randomly selected HBRs collected during the 2016 district-based immunization coverage evaluation survey in Lebanon, two independent researchers assessed the quality of the picture and then of the HBR itself against a pre-defined set of criteria. HBRs were classified into three types: private, public and all others. In addition, caregivers’ recall was compared to data found in vaccination HBRs to assess measures of vaccination status agreement for 5713 children for whom both sources of data were available.
Over 90% of the 500 HBR pictures reviewed were considered adequate to assess the HBR quality. In the sample, most cards were type 1 (41%), followed by type 2 (34%). Most HBRs met the set criteria for quality in terms of physical condition and legibility, while, among the 28 different types of cards, vaccination cards’ content and design met a moderate level of quality. Concordance, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the Kappa statistic showed diverse levels of agreement for vaccination status per vaccine dose between caregivers’ recall and vaccination HBRs.
This study illustrates that taking pictures of HBRs in a coverage survey is feasible and useful to conduct secondary analyses related to HBRs, such as assessing their quality and comparing recall with HBRs when both sources of data are available.
Journal Article
WHERE TO? FILMING EMIGRATION ANXIETY IN PREWAR LEBANESE CINEMA
I propose that careful reading of films and film coverage provides a new research avenue for scholars interested in the social and cultural history of the 1950s and the 1960s in Lebanon. Looking specifically at the manner in which George Nasser's 1957 film Ila Ayn? (Where To?) embraces and modifies the generic conventions of neorealist melodrama to articulate anxieties over the effects of emigration on Lebanon, this article explores the manner in which contemporaneous cultural critics used the film to, in turn, express their dismay at migration from Lebanon. Reading the film closely for the affects it contains and for those it produced in its readers, I argue that this technique, attendant to both sides of this dynamic, affords us new insights into the manner in which cinema produced during Lebanon's golden period interacted with and complicated the dominant cultural narratives of that era.
Journal Article
“Mom, I'm Home”: Israeli Lebanon-War Films as Inadvertent Preservers of the National Narrative
Cultural texts take an important part in constructing a society's collective narrative. They play an even greater role in shaping the ethos of conflict and culture of conflict of societies enrolled in an ongoing conflict. The article focuses on Israeli films produced in the last three decades that deal with the Israel-Lebanon conflict. It is claimed that although criticizing the national narrative, these films also work to preserve and support it further. The movies are able to turn against the national narrative and require its continuation at the same time by framing the Lebanon situation as a one-time event that has ended, and isolating it from other aspects of the Israeli-Arab conflict; by forming soldier brotherhood unity; and by dissociating the soldiers' acts and their knowledge of the events from the conflict in which they take part. It is therefore claimed that, as opposed to the common scholarly perception that Israeli films abandoned their support of the national narrative in the late 1970s, they actually found new ways to preserve it.
Journal Article
Recounting Memories of Resistance in 33 Days
In this article, I examine the only entirely fictional film made so far about Israel's July 2006 war on Lebanon: the Lebanese-Iranian film 33 Days (2012). I demonstrate how this cinematic intervention, centered on the real-life Battle of Aita al-Shaab, provides a counter-hegemonic narrative to the mostly Western and largely orientalist views not only of this war but of the history of conflict between two opposed political imaginaries: the Israeli on the one hand and the discourse of resistance on the other. I argue that the film's featuring a web of different types of intersecting memories—personal and collective, traumatic and inherited (post-memories)—of both Lebanese and Israeli characters is instrumental for (re)defining resistance as an ongoing project with both a historical trajectory and an eye to the future of Arab-Israeli armed conflict. While memories are used to recount parts of the (hi)story of combat against Israeli offensives, they also force Israeli commanders to recount, i.e., to recalculate, their own tactics and strategies as they encounter an unwavering and surprising opponent.
Journal Article
Interventions to reduce postpartum stress in first-time mothers: a randomized-controlled trial
Background
The postpartum period can be a challenging time particularly for first-time mothers. This study aimed to assess two different interventions designed to reduce stress in the postpartum among first-time mothers.
Methods
Healthy first-time mothers with healthy newborns were recruited from hospitals in Beirut, Lebanon after delivery. The two interventions were a 20-minute film addressing common stressors in the postpartum period and a 24-hour telephone support hotline. Participants were randomized to one of four study arms to receive either the postpartum support film, the hotline service, both interventions, or a music CD (control). Participants were interviewed at eight to twelve weeks postpartum for assessment of levels of stress as measured by the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10).
Results
Of the 632 eligible women, 552 (88%) agreed to participate in the study. Of those, 452 (82%) completed the study. Mean PSS-10 scores of mothers who received the film alone (15.76) or the film with the hotline service (15.86) were significantly lower than that of the control group (18.93) (p-value <0.01). Among mothers who received the hotline service alone mean PSS-10 score (16.98) was also significantly lower than that of the control group (p-value <0.05).
Conclusions
Both our postpartum support film and the 24-hour telephone hotline service reduced stress in the postpartum period in first-time mothers. These simple interventions can be easily implemented and could have an important impact on the mental wellbeing of new mothers.
Trial registration
The trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (identifier #
NCT00857051
) on March 5, 2009.
Journal Article