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"Pinochet"
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Chile : the Carretera Austral : a guide to one of the world's most scenic road trips : the Bradt travel guide
Focussed entirely on the magnificent and historic road uniting northern and southern Patagonia. The few hardy travellers that embark on this journey struggle to find even basic information about the region. The book provides visitors to the often-visited Bariloche and Chilean Lake District with a spectacular alternative means to reach the southern extremes of Patagonia. The road passes through world-class national parks. It stretches from the high Andes to the remote Pacific coast, fed by five great rivers, countless fjords and the largest ice fields outside of Antarctica and Greenland. Trekking options abound, including to and from neighbouring Argentina through pristine wilderness. The region is home to a sub-tropical rainforest, secluded villages without vehicles, picturesque lakes, dramatic and often active volcanoes, and sufficient activities to satisfy even the most adventurous visitors. In addition to practical advice, the book explores the mythical history of a region cut-off from the outside world, and the social and economic impact of the relatively recent connectivity to both mainland Chile and Argentina. Travelling in one of the last unknown regions of South America is challenging, and this book facilitates such travel for those wishing to escape the gringo trail.
Book
Reagan and Pinochet : the struggle over U.S. policy toward Chile /
\"This book is the first comprehensive study of the Reagan administration's policy toward the military dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile. Based on new primary and archival materials, as well as on original interviews with former US and Chilean officials, it traces the evolution of Reagan policy from an initial 'close embrace' of the junta to a re-evaluation of whether Pinochet was a risk to long-term US interests in Chile and, finally, to an acceptance in Washington of the need to push for a return to democracy. It provides fresh insights into the bureaucratic conflicts that were a key part of the Reagan decision-making process and reveals not only the successes but also the limits of US influence on Pinochet's regime. Finally, it contributes to the ongoing debate about the US approach toward democracy promotion in the Third World over the past half century\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Pinochet Effect
The 1998 arrest of General Augusto Pinochet in London and subsequent extradition proceedings sent an electrifying wave through the international community. This legal precedent for bringing a former head of state to trial outside his home country signaled that neither the immunity of a former head of state nor legal amnesties at home could shield participants in the crimes of military governments. It also allowed victims of torture and crimes against humanity to hope that their tormentors might be brought to justice. In this meticulously researched volume, Naomi Roht-Arriaza examines the implications of the litigation against members of the Chilean and Argentine military governments and traces their effects through similar cases in Latin American and Europe. Roht-Arriaza discusses the difficulties in bringing violators of human rights to justice at home, and considers the role of transitional justice in transnational prosecutions and investigations in the national courts of countries other than those where the crimes took place. She traces the roots of the landmark Pinochet case and follows its development and those of related cases, through Spain, the United Kingdom, elsewhere in Europe, and then through Chile, Argentina, Mexico, and the United States. She situates these transnational cases within the context of an emergent International Criminal Court, as well as the effectiveness of international law and of the lawyers, judges, and activists working together across continents to make a new legal paradigm a reality. Interviews and observations help to contextualize and dramatize these compelling cases. These cases have tremendous ramifications for the prospect of universal jurisdiction and will continue to resonate for years to come. Roht-Arriaza's deft navigation of these complicated legal proceedings elucidates the paradigm shift underlying this prosecution as well as the traction gained by advocacy networks promoting universal jurisdiction in recent decades.
eBook
Panorama del cine documental a 50 años del golpe de Estado de 1973: dictadura, trauma y memoria colectiva en Chile
Transcurridos 50 años desde el golpe de Estado que inició el período de dic-tadura civil-militar en Chile (1973-1990), este artículo propone una mirada panorámi-ca al recorrido del cine documental chileno desde 1973 hasta la actualidad. Por medio de breves acercamientos a una diversa serie de películas, el artículo busca mostrar de manera sintética cómo los documentales chilenos, con todas sus diferencias materiales, estéticas y narrativas, consistente e incesantemente han ensayado variados modos de representación, investigación y narración para confrontar el desastre histórico de esta nación, contribuyendo así a procesos legales, forenses y de memoria pública, e inte-rrogando la problemática relación entre la historia nacional, la memoria colectiva, y el legado traumático, neoliberal y autoritario de la dictadura en la sociedad chilena. Para este efecto, el artículo analiza cómo las películas, durante y después de la dictadura, han empleado técnicas de memoria cinemática como dispositivo formal y narrativo para elaborar los testimonios de los testigos de atrocidades y daños producidos por el Estado, resaltando capacidades resilientes y creativas de individuos, familias y comunidades. at 50 years from the coup d’etat that started the period of civilian-military dictatorship in Chile (1973-1990), this article proposes a panoramic look at the tra-jectory of the Chilean documentary fi lms since 1973 until now. Th rough cursory in-spection of a diverse series of fi lms, the article seeks to show by virtue of a synthetic approach that Chilean documentaries, with all their material, aesthetic and narrative diff erences, have consistently and incessantly rehearsed diverse modes of representa-tion, investigation and narration to confront this nation’s historical disaster. Th us, con-tributing to legal, forensic and public memory processes, while interrogating the prob-lematic relationships among national history, collective memory, and the dictatorship’s traumatic, neoliberal and authoritarian legacy in Chilean society. For this purpose, the article analyzes how these fi lms, during and aft er the dictatorship, have deployed a cinematic memory as a formal and narrative device to work-through the testimonies of witnesses of atrocity and damage caused by the State, emphasising the resilience and creativity of individuals, families, and communities.
Journal Article
Neoliberalism: From New Liberal Philosophy to Anti-Liberal Slogan
In recent years, neoliberalism has become an academic catchphrase. Yet, in contrast to other prominent social science concepts such as democracy, the meaning and proper usage of
neoliberalism
curiously have elicited little scholarly debate. Based on a content analysis of 148 journal articles published from 1990 to 2004, we document three potentially problematic aspects of neoliberalism’s use: the term is often undefined; it is employed unevenly across ideological divides; and it is used to characterize an excessively broad variety of phenomena. To explain these characteristics, we trace the genesis and evolution of the term neoliberalism throughout several decades of political economy debates. We show that neoliberalism has undergone a striking transformation, from a positive label coined by the German Freiberg School to denote a moderate renovation of classical liberalism, to a normatively negative term associated with radical economic reforms in Pinochet’s Chile. We then present an extension of W. B. Gallie’s framework for analyzing essentially contested concepts to explain why the meaning of neoliberalism is so rarely debated, in contrast to other normatively and politically charged social science terms. We conclude by proposing several ways that the term can regain substantive meaning as a “new liberalism” and be transformed into a more useful analytic tool.
Journal Article
The Influence of Pinochet on the Chilean Miracle
This article analyzes the impact of Augusto Pinochet’s autocracy on the Chilean economy. The study compares outcomes under Pinochet’s leadership with those in a synthetic counterfactual made of a weighted average of countries with similar characteristics. It finds that, relative to the control, Chilean income per capita greatly underperformed for at least the first fifteen years after Pinochet’s coup. The results are robust to extending the pool of donor countries and expanding the pretreatment period by switching data sets to capture potential heterogeneity of effects. The evidence suggests that Chile’s remarkable economic growth during the period 1985–1997 did not depend on Pinochet’s autocracy. These results further bring into question the effectiveness of the regime to enhance economic growth and the narrative of the Chilean miracle.
Este artículo analiza el impacto de la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet en la economía chilena. El estudio compara resultados bajo el liderazgo de Augusto Pinochet con aquellos en un control sintético compuesto de un promedio ponderado de países con características similares. Se encuentra que, en comparación con el control, la renta per cápita chilena presenta un rendimiento significativamente menor por lo menos por los primeros quince años después del golpe de Pinochet. Los resultados son robustos al extender la selección de la muestra de países y al expandir el periodo anterior al tratamiento cambiando el conjunto de datos para capturar la potencial heterogeneidad de efectos. La evidencia sugiere que el notable crecimiento económico de Chile durante el periodo 1985–1997 no dependió de la dictadura de Pinochet. Estos resultados cuestionan, además, la efectividad del régimen para estimular el crecimiento económico y la narrativa del milagro chileno.
Journal Article
DE LA CARICATURA DE PRENSA EXTRANJERA AL MUSEO HISTORICO NACIONAL. ALGUNOS ANTECEDENTES HISTORICOS EN TORNO A LA POLEMICA SOBRE LA REPRESENTACION GRAFICA DE AUGUSTO PINOCHET EN EL ESPACIO PUBLICO /FROM THE CARICATURE OF THE FOREIGN PRESS TO THE NATIONAL HISTORICAL MUSEUM. SOME HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ON THE CONTROVERSY OVER THE REPRESENTATION OF AUGUSTO PINOCHET IN THE PUBLIC SPACE
En este artículo se sostiene que la polémica surgida en torno a la mención a Augusto Pinochet en la muestra del Museo Histórico Nacional del año 2018, no se puede comprender sin tomar en cuenta la imagen internacional del personaje construida históricamente a partir de 1973. Para ello nos apoyamos en un corpus constituido por caricaturas de prensa provenientes de diversos medios escritos extranjeros. El objetivo principal es dar cuenta de cómo se fue construyendo dicha imagen y la dificultad creciente que existe en mostrar a Augusto Pinochet en el espacio público nacional. Para ello, se utilizará un análisis diacrónico e iconográfico. Esto nos permitirá demostrar la paulatina coincidencia que se ha producido entre la imagen negativa que existe sobre Pinochet fuera del país y aquella construida localmente.
Journal Article