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"Plebiscite."
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EL PLEBISCITO DE 1957 EN COLOMBIA EL PACTO DE ÉLITES Y SU REFRENDACIÓN POPULAR
This article analyzes the coalition regime of the National Front in Colombia and its popular legitimation through the 1957 plebiscite. The objective is to reconstruct the process that led to institutional reform and the central characteristics of the plebiscite. The argument includes two statements. On one hand, the central actors in the process were élite parties that, despite their divisions and historical confrontations, came together to defend their positions of power against Gustavo Rojas Pinilla’s intention to remain in the presidency and overcome the widespread violence that affected the country. On the other hand, the plebiscite was conceived as a means of social legitimation of the decisions of the élites and the mobilization in its support was highly successful, although its content imposed severe limitations on the democratic regime. It is an analysis of a historical conjuncture based on documentary analysis and electoral statistics whose sources are newspaper archives, official statistics and complementary bibliography
Journal Article
Regnat Populus?
Supporters turned in enough signatures to move forward with the initiative effort, but Arkansas Secretary of State John Thurston rejected thousands of signatures gathered by paid canvassers over an alleged failure to submit proper documentation for those canvassers. Medical marijuana proponents continue to gather signatures for an amendment to improve patient access to cannabis because they didn't turn in enough valid signatures to qualify for the November ballot. If I were king for a day, I'd probably try to make the initiated act process more accessible to citizens and less susceptible to legislative interference after the fact because that's what dissuades ballot groups from offering initiated acts over constitutional amendments.
Journal Article
Locating plebiscites in the Australian constitution
The plebiscite is well understood by political actors as a means of breaking parliamentary deadlocks or as a tool for government to establish a mandate. While it is recognised that a plebiscite may be lawfully procured by different means (by legislation or under the executive power), the law in Australia has so far struggled to characterise the substance of these activities. What is a vote may be a poll, a plebiscite or the gathering of statistics. Few detailed treatments of the topic exist. After identifying the different competences which support these activities, and after drawing together current understandings, this article offers a survey of the constitutional work performed by plebiscites in Australia and seeks to evaluate their place, as a species of political participation, within the normative system of representative government described by the Constitution.
Journal Article
What Democracy Is Not
Democracy is what philosophers call an \"essentially contested concept.\" An essentially contested concept is a concept on whose meaning people agree in a broad and even nebulous way. When a political concept, in particular, is widely or universally thought of as desirable proponents of particular governing arrangements struggle to define the concept as including their favored arrangements and excluding competing arrangements. Here, Lowenstein discusses the contested concept of democracy and its various definitions.
Journal Article
Memory Wars and Minority Rights: From Ethnic Conflict towards a Peace Region Alps-Adria?
Described as “the age of extremes” by historian Eric Hobsbawm, the 20
century was defined by heavily-contested borders and identities in Central Europe: politically, culturally, socially, and intellectually. With the end of World War I, communities found themselves in new nation- states, and the politics of assimilation and relations between minorities and their kinstates created tensions that continue to reverberate today. Using the Slovene minority in Austria as a case study, the article provides insight into two international projects that involve civil society actors in the field of memory politics and young people and their attitudes towards history and minorities. In drawing lessons from these initiatives dealing with troubled pasts to counteract current forms of exclusive identity politics, the article proposes that effective minority protection depends on a conductive social environment that allows for the reflection of opposing narratives stemming from ethnic conflict and acknowledges diversity as enrichment.
Journal Article
How to rig an election
An engrossing analysis of the pseudo-democratic methods employed by despots around the world to retain control Contrary to what is commonly believed, authoritarian leaders who agree to hold elections are generally able to remain in power longer than autocrats who refuse to allow the populace to vote. In this engaging and provocative book, Nic Cheeseman and Brian Klaas expose the limitations of national elections as a means of promoting democratization, and reveal the six essential strategies that dictators use to undermine the electoral process in order to guarantee victory for themselves. Based on their firsthand experiences as election watchers and their hundreds of interviews with presidents, prime ministers, diplomats, election officials, and conspirators, Cheeseman and Klaas document instances of election rigging from Argentina to Zimbabwe, including notable examples from Brazil, India, Nigeria, Russia, and the United States-touching on the 2016 election. This eye-opening study offers a sobering overview of corrupted professional politics, while providing fertile intellectual ground for the development of new solutions for protecting democracy from authoritarian subversion.
eBook
Scrutinizing the DAP's Success in the 2023 Malaysian State Elections
Following the formation of the Unity Government in December 2022, two of its component coalitions, Pakatan Harapan (PH) and Barisan Nasional (BN), jointly campaigned during the state government elections held in August 2023. A key question arising from this cooperation between PH and the BN lead party, the United Malays National Organization (UMNO), was the extent to which it would strengthen the appeal of both coalitions, especially among Malay voters.
eBook
Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data
The goal of eliminating disparities in health care in the United States remains elusive.Even as quality improves on specific measures, disparities often persist.Addressing these disparities must begin with the fundamental step of bringing the nature of the disparities and the groups at risk for those disparities to light by collecting health.
eBook